dict_dl/en_MerriamWebster/gir_MW.json
2022-07-10 04:31:07 +00:00

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{
"gird":{
"antonyms":[
"affront",
"barb",
"brickbat",
"cut",
"dart",
"dig",
"dis",
"diss",
"epithet",
"indignity",
"insult",
"name",
"offense",
"offence",
"outrage",
"personality",
"poke",
"put-down",
"sarcasm",
"slap",
"slight",
"slur"
],
"definitions":{
": a sarcastic remark":[],
": gibe , rail":[
"An unbearable ill-humour settled on the ship: men, mates, and master, girding at one another all day long.",
"\u2014 Robert Louis Stevenson"
],
": surround":[],
": to encircle or bind with a flexible band (such as a belt)":[],
": to make (something, such as clothing or a sword ) fast or secure (as with a cord or belt)":[
"gird a sword by a belt"
],
": to prepare (oneself) for action":[],
": to prepare for action":[
"Both sides are girding for battle."
],
": to prepare for action : muster up one's resources":[],
": to sneer at : mock":[]
},
"examples":[
"Noun",
"in her farewell speech, the departing governor got in some retaliatory girds at the media"
],
"first_known_use":{
"1546, in the meaning defined at transitive sense":"Verb",
"1566, in the meaning defined above":"Noun",
"before the 12th century, in the meaning defined at transitive sense 2a":"Verb"
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"Middle English girden \"to encircle the waist of, put a belt about, prepare (oneself),\" going back to Old English gyrdan \"to encircle with a belt, equip,\" going back to Germanic *gur\u0111jan- (whence also Old Saxon gurdian \"to encircle with a belt,\" Old High German gurten, Old Norse gyr\u00f0a ), probably from a zero-grade derivative of the Indo-European root seen in *ghorto- or *ghordho- \"enclosure\" \u2014 more at yard entry 1":"Verb",
"Middle English, to strike, thrust":"Verb"
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8g\u0259rd"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[
"band",
"begird",
"belt",
"engird",
"engirdle",
"enwind",
"girdle",
"girt",
"girth",
"wrap"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-003252",
"type":[
"noun",
"verb"
]
},
"girdle":{
"antonyms":[
"band",
"begird",
"belt",
"engird",
"engirdle",
"enwind",
"gird",
"girt",
"girth",
"wrap"
],
"definitions":{
": a woman's close-fitting undergarment often boned and usually elasticized that extends from the waist to below the hips":[],
": an article of dress encircling the body usually at the waist":[],
": pelvic girdle":[],
": shoulder girdle":[],
": something that encircles or confines: such as":[],
": the edge of a brilliant that is grasped by the setting \u2014 see brilliant illustration":[],
": to cut away the bark and cambium in a ring around (a plant) usually to kill by interrupting the circulation of water and nutrients":[],
": to encircle with or as if with a girdle":[],
": to move around : circle":[
"girdled the world"
]
},
"examples":[
"Noun",
"drew a handkerchief from the girdle around her waist and offered it to the knight as a token of affection",
"Verb",
"the rings that girdle the planet Saturn",
"trees girdled the campus, essentially hiding it from view",
"Recent Examples on the Web: Noun",
"That includes the transverse abdominis, one of the deepest abdominal muscles, which wraps around the lower torso like a girdle . \u2014 Hayden Carpenter, Outside Online , 16 May 2021",
"And unlike a bezel setting, where a diamond is set into a bed of metal that circles the diamond at the girdle , the bottom of a Floeting setting is open on four sides to allow light to enter. \u2014 Carol Besler, Forbes , 7 Dec. 2021",
"Some 30 amulets and a unique gold girdle were found within the wrappings. \u2014 Katie Hunt, CNN , 28 Dec. 2021",
"Like an invisible setting, grooves are laser cut into the diamond just below the girdle . \u2014 Carol Besler, Forbes , 7 Dec. 2021",
"As Camelot crumbles around him, Gawain pulls off the magical girdle that has kept him safe from harm \u2014 and his head rolls clean off. \u2014 Nate Jones, Vulture , 10 Aug. 2021",
"The girdle \u2014 a gift from his mother, the sorceress Morgan Le Fay (Sarita Choudhury) \u2014 is emblematic of his cheat-code approach toward honor. \u2014 Nate Jones, Vulture , 10 Aug. 2021",
"Next came all the period-correct garments, complete with girdle . \u2014 Lisa Rosen, Los Angeles Times , 22 June 2021",
"The wire mesh excludes snowshoe hares, which sometimes clip seedlings at the stem or girdle young trees, especially at the peak of hares\u2019 11-year cycles. \u2014 Ned Rozell, Anchorage Daily News , 19 June 2021",
"Recent Examples on the Web: Verb",
"Roots growing in that way strangle, or girdle , the tree. \u2014 Sarah Bowman, The Indianapolis Star , 5 Apr. 2022",
"So when the developer of Oakland\u2019s newest waterfront park wants to girdle it with 10 acres of private boat slips, the only polite response is \u2014 not so fast. \u2014 John King, San Francisco Chronicle , 14 Oct. 2021",
"The spots rapidly enlarge to form purplish black lesions, which girdle the stems and leaves, killing the foliage. \u2014 oregonlive , 11 Aug. 2021",
"The spots rapidly enlarge to form purplish black lesions, which girdle the stems and leaves, killing the foliage. \u2014 oregonlive , 11 Aug. 2021",
"The spots rapidly enlarge to form purplish black lesions, which girdle the stems and leaves, killing the foliage. \u2014 oregonlive , 11 Aug. 2021",
"The spots rapidly enlarge to form purplish black lesions, which girdle the stems and leaves, killing the foliage. \u2014 oregonlive , 11 Aug. 2021",
"The spots rapidly enlarge to form purplish black lesions, which girdle the stems and leaves, killing the foliage. \u2014 oregonlive , 11 Aug. 2021",
"The spots rapidly enlarge to form purplish black lesions, which girdle the stems and leaves, killing the foliage. \u2014 oregonlive , 11 Aug. 2021"
],
"first_known_use":{
"1582, in the meaning defined at sense 1":"Verb",
"before the 12th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1":"Noun"
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"Middle English girdel, gurdel \"belt, baldric,\" going back to Old English gyrdel \"belt, part of the body encircled by a belt,\" going back to Germanic *gur\u0111ila- (whence also Old Frisian gerdel \"belt, girdle,\" Old High German gurtil, Old Norse gyr\u00f0ill ), instrumental derivative from *gur\u0111jan- \"to encircle with a belt\" \u2014 more at gird entry 1":"Noun",
"derivative of girdle entry 1":"Verb"
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8g\u0259rd-\u1d4a1",
"\u02c8g\u0259r-d\u1d4al"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[
"belt",
"ceinture",
"cincture",
"cummerbund",
"cumberbund",
"sash",
"self-belt"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-042143",
"type":[
"noun",
"verb"
]
},
"girl":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": a female child from birth to adulthood":[
"a seven-year-old girl"
],
": a female domesticated animal and especially a pet":[
"She \u2026 is still mastering the art of being a good girl , as any 3-month-old puppy is.",
"\u2014 Rotorua (New Zealand) Weekender",
"Keeping low-key when leaving and returning is essential. Just a \"Bye!\" and \"Be a good girl !\" when you leave is plenty. Your dog will be busy with her goodies dispenser, anyway, and probably won't notice when you leave.",
"\u2014 Ed Bailey",
"Eve is a 10-year-old female kitty who is an independent pretty girl \u2026",
"\u2014 Jackson (Michigan) Citizen Patriot: Web Edition Articles"
],
": a female friend":[
"I love going to a spa and dinner with my girls .",
"\u2014 Karen Clifton"
],
": a female romantic partner : girlfriend":[],
": a female servant or employee":[],
": a person whose gender identity is female":[
"\u2026 narrator Taylor Meskimen draws listeners into the emotional life of Zenobia July, a tech-savvy trans girl who's facing a new year at a new middle school.",
"\u2014 Rebecca Honeycutt"
],
": a single or married woman of any age":[],
": a woman or girl native to a given place":[
"a local girl",
"She was a city girl at heart."
],
": a young woman":[
"\u2026 most guys like to spoil a girl . It makes them feel all-powerful and manly.",
"\u2014 Jonathan Small"
],
": daughter":[
"Papa's answer was quiet. \"I thought I taught you to read, my girl .\"",
"\u2014 Markus Zusak"
]
},
"examples":[
"Is this your little girl ",
"a group of teenage girls",
"His parents hope he'll soon find a nice girl , settle down, and get married.",
"Wait till the girls back home hear about this!",
"Our boss thinks of herself as just one of the girls .",
"She went out dancing with the girls .",
"They just hired a new girl to do the filing."
],
"first_known_use":{
"14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1a":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"Middle English gurle, girle young person of either sex":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8g\u0259r(-\u0259)l",
"\u02c8g\u0259rl"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[
"damsel",
"demoiselle",
"maid",
"maiden",
"miss"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-100501",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"girlfriend":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": a female friend":[],
": a frequent or regular female companion in a romantic or sexual relationship":[]
},
"examples":[
"My girlfriend and I have only been dating for a couple of months.",
"She spends hours talking on the phone with her girlfriends .",
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"When his ex- girlfriend Jane Foster (Natalie Portman) reenters the picture \u2014 this time, as the Mighty Thor \u2014 along with the threat of a god-killing villain Gorr the God Butcher (Christian Bale), Thor embarks on another adventure to save his people. \u2014 Sydney Odman, The Hollywood Reporter , 24 June 2022",
"Deputies were attempting to arrest Chance on a warrant signed earlier that day when the 32-year-old fled from a Jennings Lodge home where an ex- girlfriend lived about 10 p.m. Jan. 26, initiating a high-speed chase. \u2014 oregonlive , 22 June 2022",
"My ex- girlfriend bought a house in my neighborhood, which is now pretty awkward. \u2014 Rebecca Sacks, ELLE , 16 June 2022",
"Flores also had a 7-year-old daughter with his ex- girlfriend , Leona Willard. \u2014 Los Angeles Times , 15 June 2022",
"Houston authorities have apprehended and charged the suspect wanted in the fatal Monday shooting of his ex- girlfriend 's 9-year-old daughter. \u2014 Audrey Conklin, Fox News , 15 June 2022",
"His mother, Cleopatra Bernard, and his ex- girlfriend Geneva Ayala, who in 2017 alleged that Onfroy abused her over the course of their relationship. \u2014 Jeff Ihaza, Rolling Stone , 15 June 2022",
"Police said that, after an argument, Jones allegedly first shot his ex- girlfriend in the shoulder before going into a separate room, finding the 9-year-old, and killing her. \u2014 Chris Harris, PEOPLE.com , 14 June 2022",
"Authorities have said the two men did not know one another, but investigators believe Orr was visiting Jones\u2019 ex- girlfriend at the apartment complex along St. James Drive. \u2014 Matt Bruce, ajc , 10 June 2022"
],
"first_known_use":{
"1859, in the meaning defined at sense 1":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8g\u0259rl-\u02ccfrend",
"\u02c8g\u0259r(-\u0259)l-\u02ccfrend"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[
"gal",
"gill",
"girl",
"inamorata",
"lady",
"ladylove",
"old lady",
"woman"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220706-173801",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"girt":{
"antonyms":[
"ungird",
"unwrap"
],
"definitions":{
": gird":[],
": to fasten by means of a girth":[],
": to measure in girth":[]
},
"examples":[
"his wounded leg was girted by bandages"
],
"first_known_use":{
"15th century, in the meaning defined at transitive sense 1":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"Middle English girten , alteration of girden":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8g\u0259rt"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[
"band",
"begird",
"belt",
"engird",
"engirdle",
"enwind",
"gird",
"girdle",
"girth",
"wrap"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-005052",
"type":[
"verb"
]
},
"girth":{
"antonyms":[
"band",
"begird",
"belt",
"engird",
"engirdle",
"enwind",
"gird",
"girdle",
"girt",
"wrap"
],
"definitions":{
": a band or strap that encircles the body of an animal to fasten something (such as a saddle) on its back":[],
": a measure around a body":[
"a man of more than average girth",
"the girth of a tree"
],
": encircle":[],
": size , dimensions":[],
": to bind or fasten with a band or strap":[],
": to measure around the body of something":[]
},
"examples":[
"Noun",
"The tree is about two meters in girth .",
"a person of large girth",
"a girth of about two meters",
"Verb",
"you'll need to make sure you girth the saddle tightly or you'll fall off the horse",
"his arms couldn't quite girth the stone column",
"Recent Examples on the Web: Noun",
"That\u2019s because Big Agnes added a couple of extra inches of girth , so the bag drapes over the sides of its integrated 20-inch-wide pad sleeve. \u2014 Ryan Stuart, Outside Online , 14 May 2015",
"Musk posted a photo of Gates wearing a blue polo shirt stretched across his stomach next to an emoji of a pregnant man, and captioned the images with a crass observation about Gates\u2019s girth . \u2014 Washington Post , 1 May 2022",
"Elon Musk's Twitter takeover will, thanks to its $44 billion girth , be examined by antitrust regulators\u2060\u2014who are unlikely to have much of a problem with it, as the Tesla/SpaceX/Boring chief is no social-media mogul. \u2014 David Meyer, Fortune , 26 Apr. 2022",
"In addition to tapers, which are thin, cylindrical and grow more slender toward one end, there are pillar candles, which have more heft and girth , requiring a candlestick with a wider space to insert or support them. \u2014 New York Times , 12 Jan. 2022",
"And dermatologist Macrene Alexiades just participated in clinical trials about the reduction of abdominal girth with NuEra, a device that uses three different radio frequencies to treat various tissue depths. \u2014 Fiorella Valdesolo, WSJ , 5 Apr. 2022",
"It\u2019s not lightweight relative to other models in this mix, but its not heavy, either, and the extra girth , durability and sturdiness will help keep your feet and legs from getting beat up over the course of 13.1 miles. \u2014 Brian Metzler, Outside Online , 20 Jan. 2020",
"The angler reeled in an eight-pound, 10-ounce salmon that measured 26 inches long and had a girth of 16.25 inches. \u2014 Michael Hollan, Fox News , 7 Dec. 2021",
"The others took measurements of her length and girth at several locations. \u2014 Tara Duggan, San Francisco Chronicle , 4 Feb. 2022"
],
"first_known_use":{
"13th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1":"Noun",
"15th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1":"Verb"
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"Middle English gerth, girth \"belt securing a horse's saddle, hoop around a barrel or tub,\" borrowed from Old Norse *ger\u00f0u-, base of gj\u01ebr\u00f0 \"belt, girth,\" going back to Germanic *ger\u0111\u014d (whence also Middle Dutch darm gherde \"girth,\" Gothic gairda \"belt\"), from an e-grade derivative of the root seen in *gur\u0111jan- \"to encircle with a belt\" \u2014 more at gird entry 1":"Noun",
"Middle English gerthen, girthen, derivative of gerth, girth girth entry 1":"Verb"
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8g\u0259rth"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[
"circumference"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220706-234007",
"type":[
"noun",
"verb"
]
}
}