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dict_dl/en_MerriamWebster/aff_MW.json
julius 5080ad4f63 new prefix_length for MW, MWT and Duden
2022-07-10 04:31:07 +00:00

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{
"aff loof":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": without preparation : offhand":[]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{
"1728, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"aff (alteration of off ) + loof":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"(\u02c8)af-\u02c8l\u00fcf"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-082229",
"type":[
"adverb"
]
},
"affable":{
"antonyms":[
"high-strung",
"uptight"
],
"definitions":{
": being pleasant and at ease in talking to others":[
"an affable host"
],
": characterized by ease and friendliness":[
"an affable manner"
]
},
"examples":[
"Bertie's a bright, affable fellow, but every little success he has feels cheapened in comparison with his dad's overpowering accomplishments. \u2014 Lev Grossman , Time , 7 Feb. 2005",
"In repose, he can be affable and quite funny. But woe betide anyone who crosses him or who fails to perform to his demanding standards. \u2014 Anthony Bianco et al. , Business Week , 9 Sept. 2002",
"The owner emerged from a galley kitchen \u2026 to explain that the restaurant was supposed to be closed. This roly-poly man with graying locks above a noble, high forehead was affable and articulate, not your average short-order cook. \u2014 John Krich , San Francisco Examiner , 21 Aug. 1994",
"a lively, affable young fellow",
"as the show's affable host, she keeps the freewheeling gabfest from getting out of hand",
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"The prime minister is affable and witty, a Falstaff with the common touch. \u2014 Dominic Green, WSJ , 7 June 2022",
"Despite his affable personality and gruff coffeehouse croon, DeWyze lacked the undeniable spark and grit of Crystal Bowersox, the Janis Joplin incarnate who outrageously only placed second that season. \u2014 Melissa Ruggieri, USA TODAY , 2 May 2022",
"Same for the affable service, and the banter at the counter that comes from staff knowing longtime customers. \u2014 Washington Post , 29 Apr. 2022",
"The affable late night veteran earned the distinction for his latest children\u2019s book with illustrator Miguel Ordo\u00f1ez, Nana Loves You More, from Macmillan imprint Feiwel & Friends. \u2014 Chris Gardner, The Hollywood Reporter , 29 Apr. 2022",
"Sarnoff proved to be affable and intelligent with a habit of furiously writing notes during meetings. \u2014 Variety , 9 Apr. 2022",
"Trevor\u2019s father, Billy Matthews, who works in finance, is affable and athletic. \u2014 Andrew Solomon, The New Yorker , 4 Apr. 2022",
"In Will\u2019s initial laugh, the weight of always needing to be affable , especially in white spaces, even when the joke\u2019s on him. \u2014 Eisa Nefertari Ulen, The Hollywood Reporter , 29 Mar. 2022",
"The two non-family players, the wondrously affable Gian Perez as Natalie\u2019s classmate Henry and Katie Thompson as the alternately raucous and severe Drs. \u2014 Christopher Arnott, Hartford Courant , 14 Apr. 2022"
],
"first_known_use":{
"15th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"Middle English affabyl, borrowed from Anglo-French affable, borrowed from Latin aff\u0101bilis, from aff\u0101r\u012b \"to speak to, address\" (from ad- ad- + f\u0101r\u012b \"to speak\") + -bilis \"capable of (being acted upon)\" \u2014 more at ban entry 1 , -able":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8a-f\u0259-b\u0259l"
],
"synonym_discussion":"Choose the Right Synonym for affable gracious , cordial , affable , genial , sociable mean markedly pleasant and easy in social intercourse. gracious implies courtesy and kindly consideration. the gracious award winner thanked her colleagues cordial stresses warmth and heartiness. our host was cordial as he greeted us affable implies easy approachability and readiness to respond pleasantly to conversation or requests or proposals. though wealthy, she was affable to all genial stresses cheerfulness and even joviality. a genial companion with a ready quip sociable suggests a genuine liking for the companionship of others. sociable people who enjoy entertaining",
"synonyms":[
"breezy",
"devil-may-care",
"easygoing",
"happy-go-lucky",
"laid-back",
"low-pressure",
"mellow"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220706-175032",
"type":[
"adjective",
"adverb",
"noun"
]
},
"affableness":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": the quality or state of being affable":[]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{
"1587, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8a-f\u0259-b\u0259l-n\u0259s"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220706-205057",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"affably":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": in a friendly and affable manner":[
"smiling affably",
"\"Let me show you something,\" he said, affably , coming over and taking out of his pocket a little lithographed card which had been issued by a wholesale tobacco company.",
"\u2014 Theodore Dreiser",
"He has a knack for stating his case cogently and affably , making it sound eminently sensible.",
"\u2014 Daniel Sogg"
]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{
"1502, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8a-f\u0259-bl\u0113"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-085450",
"type":[
"adverb"
]
},
"affair":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": a matter occasioning public anxiety, controversy, or scandal : case":[
"the Watergate affair of the early 1970s"
],
": a romantic or passionate attachment typically of limited duration : liaison sense 2b":[
"had an affair with a coworker"
],
": commercial, professional, public, or personal business":[
"handles the company's public affairs",
"an expert in foreign affairs"
],
": matter , concern":[
"How I choose to live is my affair , not yours."
]
},
"examples":[
"After the war, the government focused on its own domestic affairs .",
"They accused the U.S. of interfering in the internal affairs of other nations.",
"How I choose to live is my affair , not yours.",
"adulterous affairs between married men and single women",
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Throngs of fans piled into the amphitheater Saturday for the latest edition of the 99.5 WYCD Hoedown, a two-stage affair set to culminate with an evening set from Brooks & Dunn. \u2014 Brian Mccollum, Detroit Free Press , 26 June 2022",
"Even during her pregnancy, Priscilla was worried about the legitimacy of rumors that swirled around Elvis's affair with Nancy Sinatra. \u2014 Chaise Sanders, Country Living , 24 June 2022",
"The first few years, the Gambler 500 remained a private affair . \u2014 oregonlive , 23 June 2022",
"Below, all the details on Sasha and Adam's lively affair , from the Friday night Shabbat at Duryea's in Montauk, to the bride's custom Versace gown. \u2014 Leena Kim, Town & Country , 23 June 2022",
"With his bloodlines, Connor Henry has a long love-hate affair with the game in front of him, but mostly love as a father-son bond grows stronger over each course. \u2014 Dom Amore, Hartford Courant , 23 June 2022",
"In this way, giving becomes a family affair , or even a family tradition, that is passed from one generation to the next. \u2014 Rupa Jack, Forbes , 22 June 2022",
"Greitens, a former Navy SEAL, resigned as Missouri's governor in 2018 following a series of scandals that included allegations of an affair and assault. \u2014 Jill Filipovic, CNN , 21 June 2022",
"Standing remains a wobbly affair for Gadsby, and a stool was required for support. \u2014 Charles Mcnultytheater Critic, Los Angeles Times , 19 June 2022"
],
"first_known_use":{
"14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1a":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"Middle English aferes \"activities,\" affaire \"enterprise,\" borrowed from Anglo-French afaire, affere \"business, activity, enterprise, matter, topic, situation,\" from the phrase a faire \"to do,\" from a \"to\" (going back to Latin ad ) + faire \"to do,\" going back to Latin facere \u2014 more at at entry 1 , do entry 1":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u0259-\u02c8fer"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[
"amour",
"fling",
"love",
"love affair",
"romance"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220706-195800",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"affaire":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": a matter occasioning public anxiety, controversy, or scandal : case":[
"the Watergate affair of the early 1970s"
],
": a romantic or passionate attachment typically of limited duration : liaison sense 2b":[
"had an affair with a coworker"
],
": commercial, professional, public, or personal business":[
"handles the company's public affairs",
"an expert in foreign affairs"
],
": matter , concern":[
"How I choose to live is my affair , not yours."
]
},
"examples":[
"After the war, the government focused on its own domestic affairs .",
"They accused the U.S. of interfering in the internal affairs of other nations.",
"How I choose to live is my affair , not yours.",
"adulterous affairs between married men and single women",
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Throngs of fans piled into the amphitheater Saturday for the latest edition of the 99.5 WYCD Hoedown, a two-stage affair set to culminate with an evening set from Brooks & Dunn. \u2014 Brian Mccollum, Detroit Free Press , 26 June 2022",
"Even during her pregnancy, Priscilla was worried about the legitimacy of rumors that swirled around Elvis's affair with Nancy Sinatra. \u2014 Chaise Sanders, Country Living , 24 June 2022",
"The first few years, the Gambler 500 remained a private affair . \u2014 oregonlive , 23 June 2022",
"Below, all the details on Sasha and Adam's lively affair , from the Friday night Shabbat at Duryea's in Montauk, to the bride's custom Versace gown. \u2014 Leena Kim, Town & Country , 23 June 2022",
"With his bloodlines, Connor Henry has a long love-hate affair with the game in front of him, but mostly love as a father-son bond grows stronger over each course. \u2014 Dom Amore, Hartford Courant , 23 June 2022",
"In this way, giving becomes a family affair , or even a family tradition, that is passed from one generation to the next. \u2014 Rupa Jack, Forbes , 22 June 2022",
"Greitens, a former Navy SEAL, resigned as Missouri's governor in 2018 following a series of scandals that included allegations of an affair and assault. \u2014 Jill Filipovic, CNN , 21 June 2022",
"Standing remains a wobbly affair for Gadsby, and a stool was required for support. \u2014 Charles Mcnultytheater Critic, Los Angeles Times , 19 June 2022"
],
"first_known_use":{
"14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1a":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"Middle English aferes \"activities,\" affaire \"enterprise,\" borrowed from Anglo-French afaire, affere \"business, activity, enterprise, matter, topic, situation,\" from the phrase a faire \"to do,\" from a \"to\" (going back to Latin ad ) + faire \"to do,\" going back to Latin facere \u2014 more at at entry 1 , do entry 1":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u0259-\u02c8fer"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[
"amour",
"fling",
"love",
"love affair",
"romance"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-081949",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"affaire d'amour":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": affair sense 2b":[]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{
"1822, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"French, \"love affair\"":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u0259-\u02c8fer-d\u0259-\u02c8mu\u0307r"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-014619",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"affaire d'honneur":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": matter of honor (i.e., a duel)":[]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{},
"history_and_etymology":{},
"pronounciation":[
"\u0259-\u02c8fer-d\u022f-\u02c8n\u0153r",
"-d\u0259-\u02c8n\u0259r"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220706-114659",
"type":[
"French noun phrase"
]
},
"affect":{
"type":[
"adjective",
"noun",
"transitive verb",
"verb"
],
"definitions":{
": to produce an effect upon (someone or something):":[],
": to act on and cause a change in (someone or something)":[
"Rainfall affects plant growth.",
"areas to be affected by highway construction",
"The protein plays a central role in metabolism \u2026 which in turn affects the rate of aging.",
"\u2014 Stephen S. Hall",
"The 1883 eruption of Krakatau in what is now Indonesia affected global sunsets for years \u2026",
"\u2014 Evelyn Browning Garriss",
"Before the 1980s it was not at all clear how nicotine affected the brain.",
"\u2014 Cynthia Kuhn et al."
],
": to cause illness, symptoms, etc., in (someone or something)":[
"a disease that affects millions of patients each year",
"\u2026 the syndrome can affect the pancreas, which produces insulin \u2026",
"\u2014 H. Lee Kagan"
],
": to produce an emotional response in (someone)":[
"an experience that affected him powerfully",
"\u2026 she traveled to Cuba and was deeply affected by what she saw.",
"\u2014 Elsa Dixler"
],
": to influence (someone or something)":[
"trying not to let emotions affect their decision"
],
": to put on a false appearance of (something) : to pretend to feel, have, or do (something) : feign":[
"affect indifference",
"affect surprise",
"He affected a French accent.",
"\u2026 Fermi often affected an aversion to abstract mathematics.",
"\u2014 Ed Barbeau",
"But he affected not to hear \u2026",
"\u2014 Edith Wharton"
],
": to often or usually wear or have (something)":[
"affect brightly colored clothing",
"Chang affected the beard and long robe of an ancient scholar \u2026",
"\u2014 Constance A. Bond",
"affect a precise way of speaking"
],
": to be given to (a preferred style of dress, speech, etc.)":[
"affect brightly colored clothing",
"Chang affected the beard and long robe of an ancient scholar \u2026",
"\u2014 Constance A. Bond",
"affect a precise way of speaking"
],
": to make a display of liking or using (something) : to ostentatiously cultivate or claim (a quality, attitude, etc.)":[
"affect a worldly manner",
"It was the habit of the moment at Oxford to affect irreverence.",
"\u2014 T. B. Costain"
],
": to have affection for : to feel love or tender attachment for (someone or something)":[
"As for Queen Katharine, he rather respected than affected , rather honored than loved her.",
"\u2014 Thomas Fuller",
"I affected Georgette; she was a sensitive and a loving child: to hold her in my lap, or carry her in my arms, was to me a treat.",
"\u2014 Charlotte Bronte"
],
": to tend to have (a specified characteristic or quality)":[
"\u2026 the drops of every fluid affect a round figure by the mutual attraction of their parts \u2026",
"\u2014 Sir Isaac Newton"
],
": to often or usually spend time at (a place) or with (a person or group) : frequent":[
"\u2026 what birds affect that particular brake \u2026",
"\u2014 Thomas Hardy",
"Do not affect the society of your inferiors in rank, nor court that of the great.",
"\u2014 William Hazlitt"
],
": to aspire to : to try to attain (something, such as power)":[
"\u2026 this proud man affects imperial sway.",
"\u2014 John Dryden"
],
": a set of observable manifestations of an experienced emotion : the facial expressions, gestures, postures, vocal intonations, etc., that typically accompany an emotion":[
"Evidence from several clinical groups indicates that reduced accuracy in decoding facial affect is associated with impaired social competence.",
"\u2014 Suzane Vassallo et al.",
"\u2026 patients \u2026 showed perfectly normal reactions and affects \u2026",
"\u2014 Oliver Sacks",
"Other victims of schizophrenia sometimes lapse into flat affect , a zombielike state of apparent apathy.",
"\u2014 David G. Myers"
],
": the conscious emotion that occurs in reaction to a thought or experience":[
"Positive affect encompasses all good emotions, such as joy, bliss, love, and contentment.",
"\u2014 Roy F. Baumeister and Brad J. Bushman",
"Killing and meaningless mass murder without affect , as the psychologists say, \u2026 have become too frequent occurrences in contemporary life.",
"\u2014 Barbara W. Tuchman"
],
": feeling , affection":[
"For every man with his affects is born, / Not by might mast'red, but by special grace.",
"\u2014 William Shakespeare"
]
},
"pronounciation":[
"a-",
"\u02c8a-\u02ccfekt",
"\u0259-\u02c8fekt",
"\u0259-\u02c8fekt, a-",
"\u02c8af-\u02ccekt"
],
"synonyms":[
"impact",
"impress",
"influence",
"move",
"reach",
"strike",
"sway",
"tell (on)",
"touch"
],
"antonyms":[
"act",
"assume",
"bluff",
"counterfeit",
"dissemble",
"fake",
"feign",
"pass (for)",
"pretend",
"profess",
"put on",
"sham",
"simulate"
],
"synonym_discussion":"Choose the Right Synonym for affect Verb (1) affect , influence , touch , impress , strike , sway mean to produce or have an effect upon. affect implies the action of a stimulus that can produce a response or reaction. the sight affected her to tears influence implies a force that brings about a change (as in nature or behavior). our beliefs are influenced by our upbringing touch may carry a vivid suggestion of close contact and may connote stirring, arousing, or harming. plants touched by frost his emotions were touched by her distress impress stresses the depth and persistence of the effect. only one of the plans impressed him strike , similar to but weaker than impress , may convey the notion of sudden sharp perception or appreciation. struck by the solemnity of the occasion sway implies the acting of influences that are not resisted or are irresistible, with resulting change in character or course of action. politicians who are swayed by popular opinion Verb (2) assume , affect , pretend , simulate , feign , counterfeit , sham mean to put on a false or deceptive appearance. assume often implies a justifiable motive rather than an intent to deceive. assumed an air of cheerfulness around the patients affect implies making a false show of possessing, using, or feeling. affected an interest in art pretend implies an overt and sustained false appearance. pretended that nothing had happened simulate suggests a close imitation of the appearance of something. cosmetics that simulate a suntan feign implies more artful invention than pretend , less specific mimicry than simulate . feigned sickness counterfeit implies achieving the highest degree of verisimilitude of any of these words. an actor counterfeiting drunkenness sham implies an obvious falseness that fools only the gullible. shammed a most unconvincing limp",
"examples":[
"Verb (1)",
"As strange as this sounds, the negative karma probably affected the actual games, the way a gambler who constantly dwells on his bad luck can derail an entire blackjack table. \u2014 Bill Simmons , ESPN , 24 June 2002",
"The Paris adventures of various Russians, including a romance for Dontsov, affect both the newly democratized ones and hard-line party members. \u2014 Stanley Kauffmann , New Republic , 27 Feb. 1995",
"These programs, known as secret warranties or silent recalls, often involve a problem that affects a vehicle's safety or performance but that isn't the cause of a formal Federal recall. \u2014 Consumer Reports , December 1993",
"Verb (2)",
"She pauses and affects the more dramatic tone of a veteran actress. \u2014 Chris Mundy , Rolling Stone , 15 June 1995",
"She doesn't put herself down, but she does affect a languid Valley Girl drawl to offset the sharpness of her observations \u2026 \u2014 Ken Tucker , Entertainment Weekly , 7 Oct. 1994",
"That is all I have, I said, affecting a pathos in my voice. \u2014 Flann O'Brian , At Swim-Two-Birds , 1939",
"Noun",
"There's a good plot and good writing here, but Mallory's gender neutrality, conspicuous in her lack of affect , makes her seem like a comic-book character. \u2014 Cynthia Crossen , Wall Street Journal , 5 Oct. 1994",
"Many of these young killers display an absence of what psychiatrists call affect . They show no discernible emotional reaction to what they have done. \u2014 Richard Stengel , Time , 16 Sept. 1985",
"The way people respond to this is sometimes called \"depressed affect \"\u2014a sort of mental shifting into neutral that psychologists say also happens to prisoners of war, submarine crews, and other people in confined situations with little stimulus. \u2014 Susan West , Science 84 , January/February 1984",
"Recent Examples on the Web: Verb",
"Companies can also consider how more modernized processes will affect their workforce. \u2014 Vaidya Aiyer, Forbes , 29 June 2022",
"Panelist Stephanie Loraine Pi\u00f1eiro, co-executive director of Florida Access Network, said the ruling will disproportionately affect people who are struggling financially and those on the margins of society. \u2014 Amanda Rabines, Orlando Sentinel , 28 June 2022",
"Just over 50% of respondents surveyed by the travel planning site The Vacationer say gas prices will affect their July Fourth travel plans. \u2014 Eve Chen, USA TODAY , 27 June 2022",
"Labor protest won't affect service, Delta says A Delta Air Lines spokesperson said the company and pilots began contract negotiations earlier this year after talks were halted for two years during the pandemic. \u2014 Khristopher J. Brooks, CBS News , 27 June 2022",
"The University of Baltimore shifted to a test-optional model in 2019, so the new vote won\u2019t affect it much, said spokesman Chris Hart. \u2014 Caitlyn Freeman | Baltimore Sun, Washington Post , 23 June 2022",
"The reductions will affect about 10% of Tesla\u2019s salaried workers over the next three months, or about 3.5% of its global workforce, Musk told Bloomberg News Editor-in-Chief John Micklethwait at the Qatar Economic Forum on Tuesday. \u2014 Jonathan Roeder, Fortune , 23 June 2022",
"And about 2 percent to 10 percent of people with paralytic polio will die because the paralysis will affect their ability to breathe. \u2014 Beth Mole, Ars Technica , 22 June 2022",
"Allen, the behavioral health administrator, said the staffing problems won\u2019t likely affect the ability to implement the changes. \u2014 oregonlive , 17 June 2022"
],
"history_and_etymology":{
"Middle English affecten, borrowed from Latin affectus, past participle of afficere \"to produce an effect on, exert an influence on,\" from ad- ad- + facere \"to do, make, bring about\" \u2014 more at fact":"Verb",
"Middle English affecten \"to desire,\" borrowed from Anglo-French affeter, affecter \"to change, seek after,\" borrowed from Latin affect\u0101re \"to try to accomplish, strive after, pretend to have,\" frequentative derivative of afficere \"to produce an effect on, exert an influence on\" \u2014 more at affect entry 1":"Verb",
"Middle English, \"capacity for emotion, emotion, desire, will,\" borrowed from Latin affectus \"mental state, mood, feeling, affection,\" from afficere \"to produce an effect on, exert an influence on\" + -tus, suffix of verbal action \u2014 more at affect entry 1":"Noun"
},
"first_known_use":{
"15th century, in the meaning defined above":"Verb",
"15th century, in the meaning defined at sense 6":"Verb",
"14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 2":"Noun"
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220708-202933"
},
"affectate":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": affect entry 2 sense 1":[]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{
"1560, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"Latin affectatus":""
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-075923",
"type":[
"transitive verb"
]
},
"affectation":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": a striving after":[],
": speech or conduct not natural to oneself : an unnatural form of behavior meant especially to impress others":[
"His French accent is just an affectation ."
],
": the act of taking on or displaying an attitude or mode of behavior not natural to oneself or not genuinely felt":[
"speaking honestly without affectation",
"mocked his piety as affectation"
]
},
"examples":[
"His French accent is just an affectation .",
"a woman of great affectation at social gatherings",
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"His collection of canes \u2014 likely used as an affectation rather than out of necessity \u2014 are sprinkled throughout. \u2014 Lennie Omalza, The Courier-Journal , 14 Apr. 2022",
"Under any name, this Tennessee native stands out with her distinctive, affectation -free sonic gumbo. \u2014 George Varga, San Diego Union-Tribune , 8 Apr. 2022",
"With or without guests, the Watkins charm with heartfelt songs that are earthy, eloquent and free of even a hint of affectation or false emotion. \u2014 George Varga, San Diego Union-Tribune , 1 Apr. 2022",
"That can be an accent, or a tone, or some Transatlantic affectation , the voice is always key. \u2014 Stephen Daw, Billboard , 18 Mar. 2022",
"Indeed, the very first scene has Huppert\u2019s unexpectedly named protagonist Joan Verra explaining her half-Irish provenance directly to camera, from behind the wheel of her car \u2014 a clumsy affectation of which the film soon, mercifully, tires. \u2014 Guy Lodge, Variety , 16 Feb. 2022",
"As for Isaac\u2019s accent that had some viewers scratching their heads, its an affectation of Grant, a role Spector is inhabiting based on his perception of that type of individual. \u2014 Richard Newby, The Hollywood Reporter , 18 Jan. 2022",
"Forget the outdated ritual of the mother-of-pearl spoon, an affectation born of an era before the invention of stainless steel. \u2014 Helen Rosner, The New Yorker , 21 Nov. 2021",
"Seen from the bottom up, the show progressively dispenses with arid affectation on the way to freshets of inspiration. \u2014 Peter Schjeldahl, The New Yorker , 8 Nov. 2021"
],
"first_known_use":{
"1548, in the meaning defined at sense 1b":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"borrowed from Middle French & Latin; Middle French affectation, borrowed from Latin affect\u0101ti\u014dn-, affect\u0101ti\u014d \"striving after, strained manner (in rhetoric),\" from affect\u0101re \"to strive after, try to accomplish, pretend to have\" + -ti\u014dn-, -ti\u014d, suffix of action nouns \u2014 more at affect entry 2":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02cca-\u02ccfek-\u02c8t\u0101-sh\u0259n"
],
"synonym_discussion":"Choose the Right Synonym for affectation pose , air , airs , affectation , mannerism mean an adopted way of speaking or behaving. pose implies an attitude deliberately assumed in order to impress others. her shyness was just a pose air may suggest natural acquirement through environment or way of life. a traveler's sophisticated air airs always implies artificiality and pretentiousness. snobbish airs affectation applies to a trick of speech or behavior that strikes the observer as insincere. the posh accent is an affectation mannerism applies to an acquired eccentricity that has become a habit. gesturing with a cigarette was her most noticeable mannerism",
"synonyms":[
"affectedness",
"grandiosity",
"inflation",
"pretense",
"pretence",
"pretension",
"pretentiousness"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-050024",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"affectatious":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": characterized or marked by affectation : affected":[
"Do some people adopt an affectatious dialect to suit their audience",
"\u2014 Pittsburgh Tribune Review , 12 Jan. 2010"
]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{
"1676, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"affectati(on) + -ous":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02cca-\u02ccfek-\u02c8t\u0101-sh\u0259s also -fik-"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220706-231601",
"type":[
"adjective"
]
},
"affected":{
"antonyms":[
"artless",
"genuine",
"natural",
"spontaneous",
"unaffected",
"uncontrived",
"unfeigned",
"unforced"
],
"definitions":{
": assumed artificially or falsely : pretended":[
"an affected interest in art"
],
": having or showing an attitude or mode of behavior that is not natural or genuinely felt : given to or marked by affectation":[
"spoke in an affected manner"
],
": inclined , disposed":[
"was well affected toward her"
]
},
"examples":[
"Adjective",
"Leinart laughs with his friends about the parallels with his favorite TV show, but he's sensitive about the perception that he's an affected socialite. \u2014 Michael Silver , Sports Illustrated , 23 July 2007",
"\u2026 he accused the literary establishment of eschewing good clean writing and advancing affected , artsy prose instead. \u2014 Judith Shulevitz , New York Times Book Review , 9 Sept. 2001",
"Without this fraught boundary between old money and new, between inherited and affected tastes, some of our greatest writers would have had to find something else to write about. \u2014 E. B. Harper , Civilization , June/July 2000",
"With a workmanlike thoroughness, they alter their diction and mannerisms for each new role\u2014for example, Kidman drops her voice at least half an octave and adopts a suitably tailored upper-class accent to portray an affected starlet who carries a teddy bear to surreptitious trysts. \u2014 Celia Wren , Commonweal , 26 Feb. 1999",
"affected laughter at the boss's jokes",
"with her pinkie extended, the four-year-old held her tiny teacup in that affected manner that some women have"
],
"first_known_use":{
"circa 1553, in the meaning defined at sense 2":"Adjective"
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"from past participle of affect entry 2":"Adjective"
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u0259-\u02c8fek-t\u0259d",
"a-"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[
"artificial",
"assumed",
"bogus",
"contrived",
"factitious",
"fake",
"false",
"feigned",
"forced",
"mechanical",
"mock",
"phony",
"phoney",
"plastic",
"pretended",
"pseudo",
"put-on",
"sham",
"simulated",
"spurious",
"strained",
"unnatural"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-051254",
"type":[
"adjective",
"adverb",
"noun"
]
},
"affectedly":{
"antonyms":[
"artless",
"genuine",
"natural",
"spontaneous",
"unaffected",
"uncontrived",
"unfeigned",
"unforced"
],
"definitions":{
": assumed artificially or falsely : pretended":[
"an affected interest in art"
],
": having or showing an attitude or mode of behavior that is not natural or genuinely felt : given to or marked by affectation":[
"spoke in an affected manner"
],
": inclined , disposed":[
"was well affected toward her"
]
},
"examples":[
"Adjective",
"Leinart laughs with his friends about the parallels with his favorite TV show, but he's sensitive about the perception that he's an affected socialite. \u2014 Michael Silver , Sports Illustrated , 23 July 2007",
"\u2026 he accused the literary establishment of eschewing good clean writing and advancing affected , artsy prose instead. \u2014 Judith Shulevitz , New York Times Book Review , 9 Sept. 2001",
"Without this fraught boundary between old money and new, between inherited and affected tastes, some of our greatest writers would have had to find something else to write about. \u2014 E. B. Harper , Civilization , June/July 2000",
"With a workmanlike thoroughness, they alter their diction and mannerisms for each new role\u2014for example, Kidman drops her voice at least half an octave and adopts a suitably tailored upper-class accent to portray an affected starlet who carries a teddy bear to surreptitious trysts. \u2014 Celia Wren , Commonweal , 26 Feb. 1999",
"affected laughter at the boss's jokes",
"with her pinkie extended, the four-year-old held her tiny teacup in that affected manner that some women have"
],
"first_known_use":{
"circa 1553, in the meaning defined at sense 2":"Adjective"
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"from past participle of affect entry 2":"Adjective"
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u0259-\u02c8fek-t\u0259d",
"a-"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[
"artificial",
"assumed",
"bogus",
"contrived",
"factitious",
"fake",
"false",
"feigned",
"forced",
"mechanical",
"mock",
"phony",
"phoney",
"plastic",
"pretended",
"pseudo",
"put-on",
"sham",
"simulated",
"spurious",
"strained",
"unnatural"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-050936",
"type":[
"adjective",
"adverb",
"noun"
]
},
"affectedness":{
"antonyms":[
"artless",
"genuine",
"natural",
"spontaneous",
"unaffected",
"uncontrived",
"unfeigned",
"unforced"
],
"definitions":{
": assumed artificially or falsely : pretended":[
"an affected interest in art"
],
": having or showing an attitude or mode of behavior that is not natural or genuinely felt : given to or marked by affectation":[
"spoke in an affected manner"
],
": inclined , disposed":[
"was well affected toward her"
]
},
"examples":[
"Adjective",
"Leinart laughs with his friends about the parallels with his favorite TV show, but he's sensitive about the perception that he's an affected socialite. \u2014 Michael Silver , Sports Illustrated , 23 July 2007",
"\u2026 he accused the literary establishment of eschewing good clean writing and advancing affected , artsy prose instead. \u2014 Judith Shulevitz , New York Times Book Review , 9 Sept. 2001",
"Without this fraught boundary between old money and new, between inherited and affected tastes, some of our greatest writers would have had to find something else to write about. \u2014 E. B. Harper , Civilization , June/July 2000",
"With a workmanlike thoroughness, they alter their diction and mannerisms for each new role\u2014for example, Kidman drops her voice at least half an octave and adopts a suitably tailored upper-class accent to portray an affected starlet who carries a teddy bear to surreptitious trysts. \u2014 Celia Wren , Commonweal , 26 Feb. 1999",
"affected laughter at the boss's jokes",
"with her pinkie extended, the four-year-old held her tiny teacup in that affected manner that some women have"
],
"first_known_use":{
"circa 1553, in the meaning defined at sense 2":"Adjective"
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"from past participle of affect entry 2":"Adjective"
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u0259-\u02c8fek-t\u0259d",
"a-"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[
"artificial",
"assumed",
"bogus",
"contrived",
"factitious",
"fake",
"false",
"feigned",
"forced",
"mechanical",
"mock",
"phony",
"phoney",
"plastic",
"pretended",
"pseudo",
"put-on",
"sham",
"simulated",
"spurious",
"strained",
"unnatural"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-030017",
"type":[
"adjective",
"adverb",
"noun"
]
},
"affecter":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": one that affects or loves (see affect entry 2 sense 4 )":[],
": one that strives after or pretends to something":[
"an affecter of unusual words"
]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{
"1568, in the meaning defined at sense 1":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"affect entry 2 + -er entry 2":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"a-",
"\u0259-\u02c8fek-t\u0259r"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-082435",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"affecting":{
"antonyms":[
"unaffecting",
"unemotional",
"unimpressive"
],
"definitions":{
": evoking a strong emotional response":[]
},
"examples":[
"He begins his book with an affecting description of his difficult childhood.",
"the affecting final scene in the play, when the children are reunited with their father",
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Echoing the structure of a shooter game, this chapter is also improbably among the novel\u2019s most affecting sections, a moving demonstration of the blended power of fiction and gaming. \u2014 Ron Charles, Washington Post , 28 June 2022",
"Speaking of allies, the involvement of Mark Ruffalo and Marisa Tomei as executive producers should help to propel the film, but regardless, Short Bull and Tomaselli have made an affecting and timely chronicle. \u2014 Sheri Linden, The Hollywood Reporter , 21 June 2022",
"But interestingly, the most affecting moments aren\u2019t necessarily the dramatic epiphanic turning points. \u2014 Leslie Felperin, The Hollywood Reporter , 20 May 2022",
"That makes the dark conclusion all the more affecting . \u2014 David Rooney, The Hollywood Reporter , 6 Apr. 2022",
"The trans narrative in If Found feels real and affecting . \u2014 Geoffrey Bunting, Wired , 18 Feb. 2022",
"Months earlier, Kilde, who is a multiple gold medal contender at this month\u2019s Beijing Olympics, had reached out remotely in a more affecting way. \u2014 New York Times , 5 Feb. 2022",
"Geneus adroitly balances the fiery talk on Freda\u2019s campus with an intimate and affecting study of her family life. \u2014 Richard Kuipers, Variety , 19 Dec. 2021",
"While Dimitri writes quite affectingly about his maternal grandparents King Umberto II and Queen Marie-Jos\u00e9 of Italy and their vanished world, the depth of love that Dimitri expresses for his parents makes this book even more affecting . \u2014 Kyle Roderick, Forbes , 1 Jan. 2022"
],
"first_known_use":{
"1720, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"from present participle of affect entry 2":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u0259-\u02c8fek-ti\u014b",
"a-"
],
"synonym_discussion":"Choose the Right Synonym for affecting moving , impressive , poignant , affecting , touching , pathetic mean having the power to produce deep emotion. moving may apply to any strong emotional effect including thrilling, agitating, saddening, or calling forth pity or sympathy. a moving appeal for contributions impressive implies compelling attention, admiration, wonder, or conviction. an impressive list of achievements poignant applies to what keenly or sharply affects one's sensitivities. a poignant documentary on the homeless affecting is close to moving but most often suggests pathos. an affecting deathbed reunion touching implies arousing tenderness or compassion. the touching innocence in a child's eyes pathetic implies moving to pity or sometimes contempt. pathetic attempts to justify misconduct",
"synonyms":[
"emotional",
"impactful",
"impressive",
"moving",
"poignant",
"stirring",
"touching"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-050532",
"type":[
"adjective",
"adverb"
]
},
"affection":{
"antonyms":[
"abomination",
"hate",
"hatred",
"loathing",
"rancor"
],
"definitions":{
": a bodily condition":[],
": a feeling of liking and caring for someone or something : tender attachment : fondness":[
"She had a deep affection for her parents."
],
": a moderate feeling or emotion":[],
": affectation sense 1":[],
": attribute":[
"shape and weight are affections of bodies"
],
": disease , malady":[
"a pulmonary affection"
],
": partiality , prejudice":[],
": propensity , disposition":[],
": the action of affecting : the state of being affected":[],
": the feeling aspect (as in pleasure) of consciousness":[],
": umlaut sense 2":[
"\u2014 used especially in the grammar of the Celtic languages"
]
},
"examples":[
"She has deep affection for her parents.",
"He shows great affection for his grandchildren.",
"feelings of love and affection",
"He now looks back on those years with great affection .",
"She developed a deep affection for that country and its people.",
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"The ideal home for Joey would have owners who could offer lots of affection and encouragement and no stairs. \u2014 Kelli Bender, PEOPLE.com , 1 June 2022",
"And Williams\u2019 mix of affection and irritation with him provides another of the movie\u2019s unforced notes of humor. \u2014 David Rooney, The Hollywood Reporter , 27 May 2022",
"The pair turned to each other for physical affection and emotional support, with many fans and media labelling it a 'cheating scandal' at the time as Smyth had a girlfriend, Tahlia Farrant, on the outside. \u2014 Alicia Vrajlal, refinery29.com , 15 May 2022",
"With family sure, but not in this context, since these merchants don\u2019t give them solely out of affection or respect. \u2014 Robert W. Wood, Forbes , 27 Mar. 2022",
"Dumbledore used to be childhood besties with Grindelwald, though Dumbledore seemed to have more affection and a romantic attraction to Grindelwald than was reciprocated. \u2014 Nick Romano, EW.com , 28 Feb. 2022",
"This grabber of a sequence, the first of the story\u2019s 14 parts (prologue, 12 chapters, epilogue), presents Julie to us with pride, affection and perhaps a hint of exasperation. \u2014 Los Angeles Times , 3 Feb. 2022",
"Several people in their 40s, 50s and 60s spoke of the word with affection . \u2014 New York Times , 17 June 2022",
"Sporting some good old-fashioned chills and a rockin' new wave soundtrack, Fright Night is a cult classic horror-comedy with a contagious affection for the genre. \u2014 Katie Rife, EW.com , 17 June 2022"
],
"first_known_use":{
"14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 2":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"Middle English affeccioun \"capacity for feeling, emotion, desire, love,\" borrowed from Anglo-French, \"desire, love, inclination, partiality,\" borrowed from Latin affecti\u014dn-, affecti\u014d \"frame of mind, feeling, feeling of attachment,\" from affec- (variant stem of afficere \"to produce an effect on, exert an influence on\") + -ti\u014dn-, -ti\u014d, suffix of action nouns \u2014 more at affect entry 1":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u0259-\u02c8fek-sh\u0259n"
],
"synonym_discussion":"Choose the Right Synonym for affection feeling , emotion , affection , sentiment , passion mean a subjective response to a person, thing, or situation. feeling denotes any partly mental, partly physical response marked by pleasure, pain, attraction, or repulsion; it may suggest the mere existence of a response but imply nothing about the nature or intensity of it. the feelings that once moved me are gone emotion carries a strong implication of excitement or agitation but, like feeling , encompasses both positive and negative responses. the drama portrays the emotions of adolescence affection applies to feelings that are also inclinations or likings. a memoir of childhood filled with affection for her family sentiment often implies an emotion inspired by an idea. her feminist sentiments are well known passion suggests a very powerful or controlling emotion. revenge became his ruling passion",
"synonyms":[
"attachment",
"devotedness",
"devotion",
"fondness",
"love",
"passion"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220706-171001",
"type":[
"adjective",
"noun"
]
},
"affectionate":{
"antonyms":[
"unloving"
],
"definitions":{
": feeling or showing affection or warm regard : loving":[
"affectionate friends",
"an affectionate nickname"
],
": inclined , disposed":[],
": motivated by affection : tender":[
"affectionate care"
]
},
"examples":[
"an affectionate child who gives hugs and kisses freely",
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"The two kissed and were generally affectionate during Lopez's visit. \u2014 Alyssa Bailey, ELLE , 23 June 2022",
"Profile: Senorita is a senior girl who is affectionate . \u2014 Linda Mcintosh, San Diego Union-Tribune , 3 June 2022",
"Rescue Rangers is a shockingly enjoyable action comedy that walks the line between affectionate satire and compelling genre flick. \u2014 Scott Mendelson, Forbes , 17 May 2022",
"A week later in London, Dyer and Heaton were very affectionate and were photographed kissing each other in the middle of the street. \u2014 Starr Bowenbank, ELLE , 29 May 2022",
"Generally, the text exchanges between her and her intended parents were affectionate , with floods of heart and prayer-hands emojis and questions about everyone\u2019s health and the weather. \u2014 New York Times , 3 May 2022",
"To be sure, many behavioral traits can be inherited \u2014 but the modern concept of breed offers only partial predictive value for most types of behavior \u2014 and almost none whatsoever for how affectionate a dog will be, or conversely, how quick to anger. \u2014 CBS News , 29 Apr. 2022",
"After solving crimes via podcast became a favorite national pastime, Only Murders in the Building scooped up the trend with equally affectionate and self-deprecating style. \u2014 Melissa Giannini, ELLE , 18 May 2022",
"Perhaps one of the most snuggly, affectionate and downright sweetest being in the world, Cesar is a pure angel to be around. \u2014 The Arizona Republic , 29 Apr. 2022"
],
"first_known_use":{
"15th century, in the meaning defined at sense 3":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"partly borrowed from Medieval Latin affecti\u014dn\u0101tus \"inclined, disposed, well-disposed,\" from Latin affecti\u014dn-, affecti\u014d affection + -\u0101tus -ate entry 3 ; partly formed from affection + -ate entry 3 after Middle French affectionn\u00e9 \"having affection for,\" past participle of affectionner \"to have affection for,\" derivative of affection":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u0259-\u02c8fek-sh(\u0259-)n\u0259t",
"\u0259-\u02c8fek-sh\u0259-n\u0259t"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[
"adoring",
"devoted",
"fond",
"loving",
"tender",
"tenderhearted"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220706-230926",
"type":[
"adjective",
"adverb"
]
},
"affectless":{
"antonyms":[
"charitable",
"compassionate",
"humane",
"kindhearted",
"kindly",
"merciful",
"sensitive",
"softhearted",
"sympathetic",
"tender",
"tenderhearted",
"warm",
"warmhearted"
],
"definitions":{},
"examples":[
"an affectless analysis of the cost of the war purely in pecuniary terms",
"the accused remained affectless throughout the long trial",
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"His paintings borrowed aspects of photographic vision (arbitrary cropping, dissonant overlap) and even photographic sensibility (cool, affectless , mechanical). \u2014 Washington Post , 20 Jan. 2021",
"Mumblecore veteran Sheil, with her Raphaelite curtain of hair and almost affectless voice, can be an opaque heroine, and the plot, as far as there is one, feels halting at first, the dialogue choppy and unreal. \u2014 Leah Greenblatt, EW.com , 30 July 2020",
"Johnny Flynn\u2019s affectless monotone was crisp, clear, and cheery. \u2014 Adrienne So, Wired , 1 Apr. 2020",
"Its main set is a living room with a front door at the right, a kitchen at the left, stairs at the back and a couch in the middle: the upper-middle-class, affectless , catalog-bought, averaged-out set an artificial intelligence might imagine. \u2014 Los Angeles Times , 27 Mar. 2020",
"His influence is also apparent in the performances, which can be borderline affectless . \u2014 Manohla Dargis, New York Times , 12 Feb. 2020",
"There\u2019s a striking contrast between the messy patterns of the finger marks, which recall the gestural language of Abstract-Expressionist paintings, and the cool, affectless distance of the underlying images. \u2014 Steven Litt, cleveland , 17 Nov. 2019",
"The color intensification is not affectless and artificial, as in a screen print by Andy Warhol. \u2014 Sebastian Smee, Washington Post , 31 Oct. 2019",
"The locations seem just right, from the blankly affectless strip malls to the temporary-feeling apartments. \u2014 Emily Nussbaum, The New Yorker , 12 Aug. 2019"
],
"first_known_use":{
"1904, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"affect entry 3 + -less":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"a-\u02c8fekt-",
"\u02c8a-\u02ccfekt-l\u0259s"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[
"callous",
"case-hardened",
"cold-blooded",
"compassionless",
"desensitized",
"hard",
"hard-boiled",
"hard-hearted",
"heartless",
"indurate",
"inhuman",
"inhumane",
"insensate",
"insensitive",
"ironhearted",
"merciless",
"obdurate",
"pachydermatous",
"pitiless",
"remorseless",
"ruthless",
"slash-and-burn",
"soulless",
"stony",
"stoney",
"stonyhearted",
"take-no-prisoners",
"thick-skinned",
"uncharitable",
"unfeeling",
"unmerciful",
"unsparing",
"unsympathetic"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-030320",
"type":[
"adjective",
"noun"
]
},
"affectlessness":{
"antonyms":[
"charitable",
"compassionate",
"humane",
"kindhearted",
"kindly",
"merciful",
"sensitive",
"softhearted",
"sympathetic",
"tender",
"tenderhearted",
"warm",
"warmhearted"
],
"definitions":{},
"examples":[
"an affectless analysis of the cost of the war purely in pecuniary terms",
"the accused remained affectless throughout the long trial",
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"His paintings borrowed aspects of photographic vision (arbitrary cropping, dissonant overlap) and even photographic sensibility (cool, affectless , mechanical). \u2014 Washington Post , 20 Jan. 2021",
"Mumblecore veteran Sheil, with her Raphaelite curtain of hair and almost affectless voice, can be an opaque heroine, and the plot, as far as there is one, feels halting at first, the dialogue choppy and unreal. \u2014 Leah Greenblatt, EW.com , 30 July 2020",
"Johnny Flynn\u2019s affectless monotone was crisp, clear, and cheery. \u2014 Adrienne So, Wired , 1 Apr. 2020",
"Its main set is a living room with a front door at the right, a kitchen at the left, stairs at the back and a couch in the middle: the upper-middle-class, affectless , catalog-bought, averaged-out set an artificial intelligence might imagine. \u2014 Los Angeles Times , 27 Mar. 2020",
"His influence is also apparent in the performances, which can be borderline affectless . \u2014 Manohla Dargis, New York Times , 12 Feb. 2020",
"There\u2019s a striking contrast between the messy patterns of the finger marks, which recall the gestural language of Abstract-Expressionist paintings, and the cool, affectless distance of the underlying images. \u2014 Steven Litt, cleveland , 17 Nov. 2019",
"The color intensification is not affectless and artificial, as in a screen print by Andy Warhol. \u2014 Sebastian Smee, Washington Post , 31 Oct. 2019",
"The locations seem just right, from the blankly affectless strip malls to the temporary-feeling apartments. \u2014 Emily Nussbaum, The New Yorker , 12 Aug. 2019"
],
"first_known_use":{
"1904, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"affect entry 3 + -less":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"a-\u02c8fekt-",
"\u02c8a-\u02ccfekt-l\u0259s"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[
"callous",
"case-hardened",
"cold-blooded",
"compassionless",
"desensitized",
"hard",
"hard-boiled",
"hard-hearted",
"heartless",
"indurate",
"inhuman",
"inhumane",
"insensate",
"insensitive",
"ironhearted",
"merciless",
"obdurate",
"pachydermatous",
"pitiless",
"remorseless",
"ruthless",
"slash-and-burn",
"soulless",
"stony",
"stoney",
"stonyhearted",
"take-no-prisoners",
"thick-skinned",
"uncharitable",
"unfeeling",
"unmerciful",
"unsparing",
"unsympathetic"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220706-234359",
"type":[
"adjective",
"noun"
]
},
"affianced":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": to solemnly promise (oneself or another) in marriage : betroth":[],
": trust , confidence":[]
},
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web: Verb",
"Alexandra Crotin, a rep for Stone, later confirmed to USA TODAY the actress and writer are now affianced . \u2014 Charles Trepany, USA TODAY , 5 Dec. 2019",
"Below, more perfect gifts to get anyone freshly affianced . \u2014 Vogue , 21 Nov. 2019",
"Agreeing to be honored in a good friend\u2019s wedding does not mean signing up to pay for expensive group vacations \u2014 no matter what the magazines and affianced tell you. \u2014 Judith Martin, Washington Post , 12 Oct. 2019",
"Ariana Grande and Pete Davidson became the subject of engagement rumors Monday afternoon with outlets reporting that they were recently affianced . \u2014 Nardine Saad, latimes.com , 11 June 2018",
"The newly affianced , reluctant to trouble one another with family problems, may rent substitutes for parents who are divorced, incarcerated, or mentally ill. \u2014 Kathryn Schulz, The New Yorker , 23 Apr. 2018",
"If this woman decides to yell at you for becoming affianced , that\u2019s a real opportunity for her fianc\u00e9 to lovingly encourage her to amend her bad behavior. \u2014 Mallory Ortberg, Slate Magazine , 12 June 2017"
],
"first_known_use":{
"14th century, in the meaning defined above":"Noun",
"1531, in the meaning defined above":"Verb"
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"Middle English affiaunce, borrowed from Anglo-French affiance, afiance, from affier, afier \"to pledge faith (to), pledge oneself to marry, trust\" (going back to Medieval Latin aff\u012bd\u0101re, from Latin ad- ad- + Vulgar Latin *f\u012bd\u0101re \"to trust\") + -ance -ance \u2014 more at fianc\u00e9":"Noun",
"borrowed from Anglo-French affiancer, afiancer, verbal derivative of afiance affiance entry 1":"Verb"
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u0259-\u02c8f\u012b-\u0259n(t)s"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220706-235246",
"type":[
"noun",
"verb"
]
},
"afficionado":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": a person who likes, knows about, and appreciates a usually fervently pursued interest or activity : devotee":[
"aficionados of the bullfight",
"movie aficionados"
]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{},
"history_and_etymology":{},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-051236",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"affidavit of verification":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": a short affidavit taking oath to the truth of the allegations in an instrument (as a petition or complaint) instead of including the allegations in extenso in a separate affidavit":[]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{
"1806, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220706-202943",
"type":[]
},
"affidavy":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": affidavit":[]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{
"1762, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"by shortening & alteration":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02cca-f\u0259-\u02c8d\u0101-v\u0113"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-094325",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"affied":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": affiance , betroth":[],
": confide , trust":[],
": espouse":[],
": to join closely (as in bonds of faith)":[
"souls affied by sovereign destinies",
"\u2014 R. W. Emerson"
]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{},
"history_and_etymology":{},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-042049",
"type":[
"verb"
]
},
"affies":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":[
"Definition of affies present tense third person singular of affy"
],
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":[],
"history_and_etymology":[],
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220629-113428",
"type":[]
},
"affiliate":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": an affiliated person or organization":[
"the network's local affiliates"
],
": to associate as a member":[
"affiliates herself with the local club"
],
": to bring or receive into close connection as a member or branch":[
"The medical school is affiliated with a hospital."
],
": to connect or associate oneself : combine":[
"refused to affiliate with any political party"
],
": to trace the origin of":[
"affiliated Shakespeare's \"Hamlet\" to earlier plays"
]
},
"examples":[
"Verb",
"Their group does not affiliate itself with any political party.",
"Noun",
"Two of the company's regional affiliates lost money in the past year.",
"our local Humane Society is an affiliate of a national organization",
"Recent Examples on the Web: Verb",
"Many Black people still affiliate farming and land ownership with slavery and want to be far removed from it. \u2014 Brea Baker, ELLE , 17 June 2021",
"So if a church wants to affiliate it\u2019s expected to agree with that, and the statement would have the S.B.C.\u2019s beliefs on theology and God, as well as things like the senior pastor, which is a role reserved for men. \u2014 Isaac Chotiner, The New Yorker , 26 May 2022",
"And there are currently around forty-seven thousand churches that affiliate with it. \u2014 Isaac Chotiner, The New Yorker , 26 May 2022",
"In addition, demand is strong from consumer brands trying to affiliate themselves with live entertainment, so those are the buyers of data about and access to the fans who make their preferences known to Bands. \u2014 Eric Fuller, Forbes , 26 Apr. 2022",
"Socio-behavioral research on HIV has shown that individual behaviors \u2014 including the uptake and use of biomedical tools like vaccines \u2014 are shaped extensively by the social norms and practices of the groups people identify and affiliate with. \u2014 Judith D. Auerbach And Andrew D. Forsyth, STAT , 10 Mar. 2022",
"The presentations warned that Workers United \u2014 the larger union with which the baristas were hoping to affiliate \u2014 was losing members and raising its dues, which the company said could cost baristas as much as $600 a year. \u2014 Washington Post , 12 Feb. 2022",
"Graduate students at Columbia, Brown, NYU, Stanford, and every other private university in the United States remain free to affiliate with unions. \u2014 Timothy Noah, The New Republic , 7 Jan. 2022",
"Vladimir Lenin refused to do so and ordered the representatives of what is now southeastern Ukraine to affiliate with Soviet Ukraine. \u2014 William A. Galston, WSJ , 7 Dec. 2021",
"Recent Examples on the Web: Noun",
"The 27-year-old sisters gave birth within the same hour on March 28, according to NBC affiliate WBIR-TV. \u2014 Johnny Dodd, PEOPLE.com , 17 June 2022",
"The jury found Michael Horvath guilty on charges of homicide, kidnapping, tampering with evidence and abuse of a corpse nine years after Holly Grim's disappearance, FOX affiliate WOLF-TV reported. \u2014 Audrey Conklin, Fox News , 17 June 2022",
"Lipski said earlier that survival was unlikely and that the search had shifted to a recovery operation, according to NBC affiliate WTMJ-TV of Milwaukee. \u2014 Tim Stelloh, NBC News , 14 June 2022",
"The company makes most of its revenue by charging retail partners for affiliate marketing and payments services. \u2014 Isabel Contreras, Forbes , 7 June 2022",
"The app also doesn\u2019t feature any ads, affiliate marketing, or tracking. \u2014 Jacob Siegal, BGR , 1 June 2022",
"The blast damaged several other homes and displaced about 60 residents, according to NBC affiliate WGAL. \u2014 Lindsey Bever, Washington Post , 27 May 2022",
"Persons told reporters the store was emptied out of its product and equipment, and when the store reopens, it will be completely remodeled with a different feel and look, according to ABC local affiliate WKBW. \u2014 ABC News , 9 June 2022",
"Mina said Ayala was performing CPR when deputies arrived the day of the shooting, CBS Orlando affiliate WKMG-TV reports. \u2014 CBS News , 7 June 2022"
],
"first_known_use":{
"1767, in the meaning defined at transitive sense 1a":"Verb",
"1793, in the meaning defined above":"Noun"
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"derivative of affiliate entry 1":"Noun",
"probably from French affilier \"to bring into close connection\" (going back to Middle French, \"to adopt as a son,\" borrowed from Medieval Latin aff\u012bli\u0101re, from Latin ad- ad- + -f\u012bli\u0101re, verbal derivative of f\u012blius \"son\") + -ate entry 4 \u2014 more at feminine entry 1":"Verb"
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u0259-\u02c8fi-l\u0113-\u0259t",
"-\u02cc\u0101t",
"\u0259-\u02c8fi-l\u0113-\u02cc\u0101t"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[
"branch",
"cell",
"chapter",
"council",
"local"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-083741",
"type":[
"noun",
"verb"
]
},
"affiliated":{
"antonyms":[
"unrelated"
],
"definitions":{
": closely associated with another typically in a dependent or subordinate position":[
"the university and its affiliated medical school"
]
},
"examples":[
"costuming and set design are affiliated arts, both requiring research into the period of the play or film",
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"The United States has also backed its affiliated fighters in Syria, the Y.P.G., or People\u2019s Protection Units, who helped to battle the Islamic State and whom Mr. Erdogan attacked in his 2019 incursion into the country. \u2014 New York Times , 30 May 2022",
"The plan seeks to salvage the network after Luna\u2019s affiliated stablecoin, TerraUSD, lost its 1-to-1 peg the dollar and helped trigger a collapse in digital-asset prices. \u2014 Muyao Shen, BostonGlobe.com , 25 May 2022",
"Nationally, The Tribune reported, the church and its affiliated operations own nearly 16,000 parcels, totaling 1.7 million acres and worth nearly $16 billion. \u2014 David Noyce, The Salt Lake Tribune , 5 May 2022",
"Originally hired by the Yankees as an organizational hitting instructor in 2019, Balkovec is the first, full-time female manager in the history of affiliated baseball. \u2014 Pete Caldera, USA TODAY , 24 Mar. 2022",
"But with a year in the Draft League complete and another season set to begin in June, Klein believes the Keys are well positioned for the future \u2014 and an eventual return to affiliated baseball, with the Orioles or otherwise. \u2014 Nathan Ruiz, baltimoresun.com , 17 Jan. 2022",
"He later became affiliated with Quadriga\u2019s co-founder Gerald Cotten in the early days of the Canadian exchange, though the men parted ways in early 2016. \u2014 Emily Nicolle, Bloomberg.com , 27 Jan. 2022",
"Baptist Health System operates an affiliated surgery center in Boerne and its physicians network operates primary care and specialty clinics in the city. \u2014 Timothy Fanning, San Antonio Express-News , 16 Nov. 2021",
"Crimea was predominantly Muslim in the 18th century and loosely affiliated with the Ottomans. \u2014 WSJ , 7 Apr. 2022"
],
"first_known_use":{
"1767, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"from past participle of affiliate entry 1":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u0259-\u02c8fi-l\u0113-\u02cc\u0101-t\u0259d"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[
"akin",
"allied",
"kindred",
"related"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220706-203337",
"type":[
"adjective"
]
},
"affiliation":{
"antonyms":[
"disaffiliation",
"dissociation"
],
"definitions":{
": the state or relation of being closely associated or affiliated with a particular person, group, party, company, etc.":[
"The radio station has maintained a longtime affiliation with the concert hall and often has featured performers as guests on the air.",
"A former Democrat, Joseph McCarthy had switched his affiliation and was elected in the Republican landslide of 1946 \u2026",
"\u2014 Ted Widmer",
"\u2026 hundreds of businessmen owe their success to an affiliation with organized crime.",
"\u2014 William Bastone"
]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{
"1791, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{},
"pronounciation":[
"\u0259-\u02ccfi-l\u0113-\u02c8\u0101-sh\u0259n"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[
"alliance",
"association",
"collaboration",
"confederation",
"connection",
"cooperation",
"hookup",
"liaison",
"linkup",
"partnership",
"relation",
"relationship",
"tie-up",
"union"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-072405",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"affinity":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": a person especially of the opposite sex having a particular attraction for one":[],
": a relation between biological groups involving resemblance in structural plan and indicating a common origin":[],
": an attraction to or liking for something":[
"people with an affinity to darkness",
"\u2014 Mark Twain",
"pork and fennel have a natural affinity for each other",
"\u2014 Abby Mandel"
],
": an attractive force between substances or particles that causes them to enter into and remain in chemical combination":[],
": likeness based on relationship or causal connection":[
"found an affinity between the teller of a tale and the craftsman",
"\u2014 Mary McCarthy",
"this investigation, with affinities to a case history, a psychoanalysis, a detective story",
"\u2014 Oliver Sacks"
],
": of, relating to, involving, or used in affinity chromatography":[
"The unwanted antibodies are removed in affinity columns, which contain a matrix to which other antibodies have already been allowed to bind \u2026",
"\u2014 Scientific American",
"Although affinity labeling was originally developed for the investigation of enzymes, it has also added significantly to the study of the structure of active sites in other systems \u2026",
"\u2014 Meir Wilchek et al."
],
": relationship by marriage":[],
": sympathy marked by community of interest : kinship":[
"She has an affinity to him because of their common musical interests."
]
},
"examples":[
"Noun",
"Jefferson's personal debts continued to mount \u2026 His addiction to French wine, like his affinity for French ideas, never came to grips with the more mundane realities. \u2014 Joseph J. Ellis , American Heritage , May/June 1993",
"\u2026 neither virus has an affinity for T cells. \u2014 Robert C. Gallo , Scientific American , 1987",
"Animals sharing this basic architecture may have no closer affinity than a beetle and a squid. \u2014 Stephen Jay Gould , Natural History , 1985",
"There's always been an affinity between us.",
"He never felt any affinity with the other kids in his neighborhood.",
"Recent Examples on the Web: Noun",
"It\u2019s not physical distance that matters, but operational, strategic and affinity distance that matters. \u2014 Rodger Dean Duncan, Forbes , 8 June 2022",
"The warehouse retailer famously does not spend any money on advertising, but word of mouth can cultivate brand affinity among different communities, said Marshal Cohen, chief industry analyst for market research firm NPD Group. \u2014 Hannah Miao, NBC News , 7 June 2022",
"Those experiences can create a deep affinity between the people who share them. \u2014 Chris Schembra, Rolling Stone , 10 June 2022",
"Fran Tirado bring a new perspective to the world of comedic cultural criticism with their strong rapport, knowledge of gay history and a strong affinity for gay icons. \u2014 Sasha Urban, Variety , 3 June 2022",
"What stands out immediately is the owners\u2019 affinity with peppers. \u2014 Cesar Hernandez, San Francisco Chronicle , 31 May 2022",
"Andrew Behrman can talk your ear off about sports, with a podcast that focuses on the subject and, personally, a particular affinity for baseball. \u2014 Mike Nolan, Chicago Tribune , 23 May 2022",
"This was initially intended for the gaming industry yet there is a natural affinity for gaming tools, IDEs, chips, etcetera, to be used for virtual worlds and the Metaverse. \u2014 Beth Kindig, Forbes , 20 May 2022",
"As a child of parents who played tennis, Ava Brizard developed a natural affinity for the sport. \u2014 Douglas Clark Usa Today Ventures Events, USA TODAY , 17 Mar. 2022"
],
"first_known_use":{
"14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1":"Noun",
"1962, in the meaning defined above":"Adjective"
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"Middle English affinite, borrowed from Anglo-French & Latin; Anglo-French affinit\u00e9, borrowed from Latin aff\u012bnit\u0101t-, aff\u012bnit\u0101s, from aff\u012bnis \"bordering (on), related by marriage, connected (with)\" (from ad- ad- + f\u012bnis \"boundary, limit\") + -it\u0101t-, -it\u0101s -ity \u2014 more at final entry 1":"Noun"
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u0259-\u02c8fi-n\u0259-t\u0113",
"\u0259-\u02c8fin-\u0259t-\u0113"
],
"synonym_discussion":"Choose the Right Synonym for affinity Noun attraction , affinity , sympathy mean the relationship existing between things or persons that are naturally or involuntarily drawn together. attraction implies the possession by one thing of a quality that pulls another to it. felt an attraction to danger affinity implies a susceptibility or predisposition on the part of the one drawn. an affinity for mathematics sympathy implies a reciprocal or natural relation between two things that are both susceptible to the same influence. two minds in sympathy",
"synonyms":[
"affection",
"aptitude",
"bent",
"bias",
"bone",
"devices",
"disposition",
"genius",
"habitude",
"impulse",
"inclination",
"leaning",
"partiality",
"penchant",
"predilection",
"predisposition",
"proclivity",
"propensity",
"tendency",
"turn"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220706-194631",
"type":[
"adjective",
"noun"
]
},
"affirm":{
"antonyms":[
"deny",
"gainsay"
],
"definitions":{
": to assert (something, such as a judgment or decree) as valid or confirmed":[
"The court affirmed his conviction."
],
": to show or express a strong belief in or dedication to (something, such as an important idea)":[
"laws affirming the racial equality of all people"
],
": to state positively":[
"He affirmed his innocence."
],
": to testify or declare by affirmation (see affirmation sense 2 ) as distinguished from swearing an oath":[],
": to uphold a judgment or decree of a lower court":[],
": validate , confirm":[
"He was affirmed as a candidate."
]
},
"examples":[
"We cannot affirm that this painting is genuine.",
"They neither affirmed nor denied their guilt.",
"laws affirming the racial equality of all peoples",
"They continued to affirm their religious beliefs.",
"The decision was affirmed by a higher court.",
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Lyons\u2019 empowering images celebrate the perennial coming-of-age impulses to express and affirm one\u2019s individuality, resilient here in the Amazon against a toxic mix of environmental degradation, violence, and discrimination. \u2014 Vogue , 29 June 2022",
"The Center for Arizona Policy, a conservative nonprofit lobbying group, said Saturday that the state Legislature approved the law to affirm that unborn children have full rights if Roe v. Wade were reversed. \u2014 Landon Mion, Fox News , 26 June 2022",
"Identify best practices to affirm members of the gay and transgender community. \u2014 Sherry Greenfield, Baltimore Sun , 22 June 2022",
"The committee last year voted 6-4 to affirm the Police Bureau\u2019s finding that the arrest was reasonable, though many members said they were disturbed by police actions. \u2014 oregonlive , 22 June 2022",
"Acknowledging ink manufacturers\u2019 objections that there were no substitutes for those pigments but lacking evidence to affirm their safety, the commission delayed its prohibition until next year. \u2014 New York Times , 19 June 2022",
"Jose Estrella with a second-round body shot to affirm his No. 1 contender position to face the winner of the June 25 International Boxing Federation/World Boxing Association bout between champion M.J. Akhmadaliev and California\u2019s Ronny Rios. \u2014 Lance Pugmire, USA TODAY , 15 May 2022",
"Yet nurturing these skills and experiences requires intentionality within households, in formal and informal educational settings, and in civil society to affirm what should be obvious: urbanites not only belong but are needed in biology. \u2014 Nyeema C. Harris, Scientific American , 22 Apr. 2022",
"Georgia was one of seven states won by Biden where Republican electors gathered Dec. 14, 2020, signing certificates purporting to affirm Trump as the actual victor of their states. \u2014 Anchorage Daily News , 7 June 2022"
],
"first_known_use":{
"14th century, in the meaning defined at transitive sense 1a":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"alteration (conformed to Latin affirm\u0101re ) of Middle English affermen \"to fix firmly, make steadfast, establish, confirm, assert,\" borrowed from Anglo-French afermer, affermer, going back to Latin affirm\u0101re \"to strengthen, confirm, assert positively,\" from ad- ad- + firm\u0101re \"to strengthen, fortify,\" derivative of firmus \"strong, durable, firm entry 1 \"":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u0259-\u02c8f\u0259rm"
],
"synonym_discussion":"Choose the Right Synonym for affirm assert , declare , affirm , protest , avow mean to state positively usually in anticipation of denial or objection. assert implies stating confidently without need for proof or regard for evidence. asserted that modern music is just noise declare stresses open or public statement. declared her support for the candidate affirm implies conviction based on evidence, experience, or faith. affirmed the existence of an afterlife protest emphasizes affirming in the face of denial or doubt. protested that he really had been misquoted avow stresses frank declaration and acknowledgment of personal responsibility for what is declared. avowed that all investors would be repaid in full",
"synonyms":[
"allege",
"assert",
"aver",
"avouch",
"avow",
"claim",
"contend",
"declare",
"insist",
"maintain",
"profess",
"protest",
"purport",
"warrant"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220706-172316",
"type":[
"adjective",
"noun",
"transitive verb",
"verb"
]
},
"affirmation":{
"antonyms":[
"disavowal"
],
"definitions":{
": a solemn declaration made under the penalties of perjury by a person who conscientiously declines taking an oath":[],
": something affirmed : a positive assertion":[
"His memoir is a reflective affirmation of family love."
],
": the act of affirming":[
"nodded his head in affirmation"
]
},
"examples":[
"a sworn affirmation that he had never acted as a spy for the enemy",
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"What had happened is that many of my strategies for validation, affirmation , and support had been outsourced. \u2014 Alex Wagner, SPIN , 16 June 2022",
"Savannah wanted to know what those buzzwords \u2013 affirmation , safe spaces, inclusion \u2013 actually looked like in real life. \u2014 Ruth Serven Smith | Rserven@al.com, al , 16 May 2022",
"There\u2019s also a coinciding affirmation for each product created by Keys herself. \u2014 Blake Newby, Essence , 9 Dec. 2020",
"Something that stands out about the candles is the affirmation collection. \u2014 Elizabeth Ayoola, Essence , 16 June 2022",
"Research has shown that gender affirmation and inclusive policies can reduce depression and anxiety symptoms for trans and nonbinary people. \u2014 Kiara Alfonseca, ABC News , 9 June 2022",
"Patmon answers most questions with a smile and a quick affirmation . \u2014 Nate Atkins, The Indianapolis Star , 9 June 2022",
"My own family's affirmation hasn't made the concept any less significant to me, particularly because of my adoption. \u2014 Zack Ford, CNN , 29 May 2022",
"Communication and affirmation are key to ensuring your mission and values align with the daily experiences of everyone within your organization. \u2014 Carolyn Morgan, Forbes , 27 May 2022"
],
"first_known_use":{
"15th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1a":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"Middle English affirmacioun, borrowed from Anglo-French affirmation, affermacion, borrowed from Latin affirm\u0101ti\u014dn-, affirm\u0101ti\u014d, from affirm\u0101re \"to affirm \" + -ti\u014dn-, -ti\u014d, suffix of action nouns":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02cca-f\u0259r-\u02c8m\u0101-sh\u0259n"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[
"assertion",
"asseveration",
"avouchment",
"avowal",
"claim",
"declaration",
"insistence",
"profession",
"protestation"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-112051",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"affirmation of the consequent":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": the logical fallacy of inferring the truth of the antecedent of an implication from the truth of the consequent (as in, \"if it rains, then the game is cancelled and the game has been cancelled, therefore it has rained\")":[]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{
"1854, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-002516",
"type":[]
},
"affirmative":{
"antonyms":[
"nay",
"negative",
"no",
"non placet"
],
"definitions":{
": an affirmative (see affirmative entry 1 sense 4 ) proposition":[],
": an expression (such as the word yes ) of affirmation or assent":[],
": asserting a predicate of a subject":[],
": asserting that the fact is so":[
"gave an affirmative answer",
"affirmative proof"
],
": favoring or supporting a proposition or motion":[
"an affirmative vote",
"was on the affirmative side in the debate"
],
": positive":[
"an affirmative approach"
],
": the side that upholds the proposition stated in a debate":[],
": with an affirmative reply : with a reply that means \"yes\"":[
"He answered in the affirmative ."
]
},
"examples":[
"Adjective",
"She gave an affirmative answer, not a negative answer.",
"Noun",
"we have five affirmatives and two negatives for forming the committee",
"Recent Examples on the Web: Adjective",
"The document runs to more than a hundred and fifty pages, and for each question there are affirmative and dissenting studies, as well as some that indicate mixed results. \u2014 The New Yorker , 3 June 2022",
"Think about companies making affirmative declarations about staying in the Russian market. \u2014 Jeffrey M. O'brien, Fortune , 2 June 2022",
"The proposal barely cleared a 1% quorum in the affirmative with 1.13% share. \u2014 Danny Nelson, Fortune , 19 June 2022",
"Answering these questions in the affirmative will help you through any crisis situation. \u2014 Expert Panel\u00ae, Forbes , 9 June 2022",
"The boy nodded in the affirmative and Carvalho called the police. \u2014 Lawrence Richard, Fox News , 8 June 2022",
"Instead, Judge Charles Blomquist called each person who answered in the affirmative up to the bench to talk with him and the lawyers about how the experience might inform their perspective as jurors. \u2014 Alec Macgillis, ProPublica , 4 June 2022",
"Spellers are permitted to ask questions about roots, and judges answer in the affirmative if a speller can identify a relevant root and its meaning. \u2014 CBS News , 2 June 2022",
"Spellers are permitted to ask questions about roots, and judges answer in the affirmative if a speller can identify a relevant root and its meaning. \u2014 The Salt Lake Tribune , 2 June 2022",
"Recent Examples on the Web: Noun",
"Shortly after, Gomez herself responded with a resounding affirmative . \u2014 Hannah Dailey, Billboard , 16 May 2022",
"Use liberally the affirmatives Yes, ma\u2019am and Yes, sir, having grown up under threat of a stiff switch. \u2014 Melissa Lyttle, Smithsonian , 13 Dec. 2017"
],
"first_known_use":{
"15th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1":"Noun",
"15th century, in the meaning defined at sense 4":"Adjective"
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"Middle English, borrowed from Anglo-French affirmatif, borrowed from Late Latin affirm\u0101t\u012bvus, from Latin affirm\u0101tus (past participle of affirm\u0101re \"to affirm \") + -\u012bvus -ive":"Adjective",
"Middle English, borrowed from Anglo-French affirmatif, noun derivative of affirmatif affirmative entry 1":"Noun"
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u0259-\u02c8f\u0259r-m\u0259-tiv"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[
"yea",
"yes"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220708-110140",
"type":[
"adjective",
"adverb",
"noun"
]
},
"affirmative action":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": the use of policies, legislation, programs, and procedures to improve the educational or employment opportunities of members of certain demographic groups (such as minority groups, women, and older people) as a remedy to the effects of long-standing discrimination against such groups":[
"The term affirmative action was \u2026 used in an executive order issued by President Johnson in 1965, which banned all federal contractors and subcontractors, as well as unions involved in federal work, from practicing employment discrimination.",
"\u2014 Michael L. Levine",
"Unlike previous measures, such as the Civil Rights Acts of 1964 and 1965, which prohibited discrimination, the goal of affirmative action was to adopt a proactive approach to redressing past discrimination. It goes beyond the prohibition of overtly racist practices by requiring employers, public contractors, and college admissions officers to cast a wider net in their searches for qualified workers and students through active recruitment of racial minorities.",
"\u2014 Shirley J. Yee et al."
]
},
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Even supporters admit the campaign for reparations faces an uphill battle in a state where just 6 percent of the population identifies as Black and where voters recently rejected a move to bring back affirmative action . \u2014 Emmanuel Felton, Washington Post , 1 June 2022",
"P\u00e9rez said using these kinds of strategies have helped public institutions in California, which have not been allowed to consider race since 1996, when voters there passed a ballot measure that effectively outlawed affirmative action . \u2014 Laura Krantz, BostonGlobe.com , 22 May 2022",
"Fear that the Supreme Court will ban or severely restrict affirmative action may also have encouraged the shift. \u2014 Samuel Goldman, The Week , 6 May 2022",
"Even so, Lum said that a majority of the Asian students continue to support affirmative action . \u2014 NBC News , 3 May 2022",
"The university is defending its race-conscious admissions policy in a case that offers the Supreme Court\u2019s conservative majority an opening to curtail affirmative action . \u2014 Nick Anderson And Susan Svrluga, Anchorage Daily News , 26 Apr. 2022",
"In a 2003 ruling regarding race-conscious admissions at the University of Michigan Law School, the Supreme Court narrowly upheld affirmative action but wrote that the practice should not continue indefinitely. \u2014 Rachel Aviv, The New Yorker , 28 Mar. 2022",
"California voters banned affirmative action in a 1996 initiative, Proposition 209, which applied to state education and employment. \u2014 Bob Egelko, San Francisco Chronicle , 23 Mar. 2022",
"Kennedy and Ginsburg had previously voted to allow affirmative action . \u2014 Joan Biskupic, CNN , 20 Mar. 2022"
],
"first_known_use":{
"1961, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220708-073144",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"affirmative pregnant":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": an affirmative allegation implying or not excluding some negative in favor of the adverse party":[]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{
"1795, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220706-162322",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"affirmatory":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": giving affirmation":[
"an affirmatory gesture"
]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{
"1651, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"affirmat ion + -ory":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u0259-\u02c8f\u0259r-m\u0259-\u02cct\u022fr-\u0113"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-013808",
"type":[
"adjective"
]
},
"affix":{
"antonyms":[
"detach",
"undo",
"unfasten",
"unhook"
],
"definitions":{
": appendage":[],
": impress":[
"affixed my seal"
],
": one or more sounds or letters occurring as a bound form attached to the beginning or end of a word, base, or phrase or inserted within a word or base and serving to produce a derivative word or an inflectional form":[
"The affix in the word \"attendance\" is \"-ance.\""
],
": to attach in any way : add , append":[
"affix a signature to a document"
],
": to attach physically":[
"affix a stamp to a letter"
]
},
"examples":[
"Verb",
"affix a first-class stamp to the envelope",
"Recent Examples on the Web: Verb",
"Europe's privacy regulation (GDPR) can affix a penalty of 4% of total revenue for violations, while running afoul of national mandates for data locality may stop companies from doing business in that country. \u2014 Michael Gurau, Forbes , 6 June 2022",
"Package in a glass jar and affix a card or label that includes the following instructions: Lightly beat two eggs in a shallow dish. \u2014 Erin Cavoto, Country Living , 12 May 2022",
"Fully automatic weapons are only legal in Connecticut if they had been registered on or before Jan. 1, 2014, and those who make their own guns with a kit or a printer must obtain a serial number and affix it to the gun. \u2014 Christine Dempsey, Hartford Courant , 13 Apr. 2022",
"So whatever label one wants to affix to them, the bottom line is this, there must be accountability. \u2014 ABC News , 10 Apr. 2022",
"In a city dominated by parking lots, having something, anything, to which riders can affix their set of wheels is a godsend. \u2014 Jay R. Jordan, Chron , 4 Apr. 2022",
"Trevor Patton Crow was initially arrested on charges of first-degree possession of marijuana, possession of drug paraphernalia and failure to affix a tax stamp following a raid at his Tuscaloosa home on Tuesday. \u2014 Carol Robinson | Crobinson@al.com, al , 3 Mar. 2022",
"An herbarium is, in essence, a library of taminate them, and affix them to large sheets of stiff white paper to be stacked and stored landscapes and the human powers that shaped them. \u2014 Harpers Magazine , 16 Mar. 2022",
"Public Works staff are working to affix red tags to primary barrels along trash routes during the month of February. \u2014 courant.com , 27 Jan. 2022",
"Recent Examples on the Web: Noun",
"At each work-station, crews affix parts and the Lightnings begin to assume their familiar boxy shape. \u2014 John Seabrook, The New Yorker , 24 Jan. 2022",
"Breyer has long been an outspoken defender of the Supreme Court as a nonpartisan institution and bristled at the labels of 'liberal' and 'conservative' that many commentators and the media affix to individual justices. \u2014 Devin Dwyer, ABC News , 7 Apr. 2021",
"The contraption itself, which looks like an infant bouncer, affixes to the bulkhead. \u2014 Sarah Firshein, Cond\u00e9 Nast Traveler , 13 Sep. 2019"
],
"first_known_use":{
"14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1":"Verb",
"1600, in the meaning defined at sense 1":"Noun"
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"borrowed from Latin aff\u012bxus, past participle of aff\u012bgere \"to fasten (to), attach,\" from ad- ad- + f\u012bgere \"to drive in, insert\" \u2014 more at fix entry 1":"Verb",
"borrowed from Middle French affixe \"notice, placard, element added to the base or stem of a word (originally in Hebrew grammar),\" borrowed from Latin aff\u012bxus, past participle of aff\u012bgere \"to fasten (to), attach\" \u2014 more at affix entry 1":"Noun"
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u0259-\u02c8fiks, a-",
"\u0259-\u02c8fiks",
"\u02c8a-\u02ccfiks",
"a-"
],
"synonym_discussion":"Choose the Right Synonym for affix Verb fasten , fix , attach , affix mean to make something stay firmly in place. fasten implies an action such as tying, buttoning, nailing, locking, or otherwise securing. fasten the reins to a post fix usually implies a driving in, implanting, or embedding. fixed the stake in the ground attach suggests a connecting or uniting by a bond, link, or tie in order to keep things together. attach the W-2 form here affix implies an imposing of one thing on another by gluing, impressing, or nailing. affix your address label here",
"synonyms":[
"attach",
"bend",
"fasten",
"fix"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220708-113424",
"type":[
"adjective",
"noun",
"transitive verb",
"verb"
]
},
"affix-clipping":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": metanalysis":[]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{
"circa 1960, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-084140",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"affixion":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": the act of affixing : the state of being affixed":[]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{
"15th century, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"Late Latin affixion-, affixio , from Latin affixus (past participle of affigere to fasten to) + -ion-, -io -ion":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u0259-\u02c8fik-sh\u0259n",
"a-"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-052848",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"affixture":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": state of being affixed":[]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{
"1791, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"affix entry 1 + -ture (as in fixture )":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u0259-\u02c8fiks-ch\u0259r"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-061240",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"afflated":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": inspired":[]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{
"1835, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"obsolete afflate to blow on, from Latin afflatus + English -ed":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u0259-\u02c8fl\u0101-t\u0259d",
"a-"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-003048",
"type":[
"adjective"
]
},
"afflation":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": a breathing into : inspiration":[]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{
"1576, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"Latin afflat us + English -ion":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u0259-\u02c8fl\u0101-sh\u0259n"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-035515",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"afflatus":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": a divine imparting of knowledge or power : inspiration":[]
},
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"In 2003, powered by an afflatus of unknown origin, Barbour ran for governor of Mississippi. \u2014 Neal B. Freeman, National Review , 19 Dec. 2019"
],
"first_known_use":{
"1649, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"borrowed from Latin affl\u0101tus, literally, \"emission of breath, exhalation,\" from affl\u0101re \"to breathe on or toward, inspire\" (from ad- ad- + fl\u0101re \"to blow, breathe\") + -tus, suffix of verbal action \u2014 more at blow entry 1":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"a-",
"\u0259-\u02c8fl\u0101-t\u0259s"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220706-124940",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"afflict":{
"type":[
"verb"
],
"definitions":{
": to cause pain or suffering to : to distress so severely as to cause persistent suffering or anguish":[
"people afflicted with arthritis",
"a region afflicted by hunger and poverty"
],
": trouble , injure":[],
": humble":[],
": overthrow":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u0259-\u02c8flikt"
],
"synonyms":[
"agonize",
"anguish",
"bedevil",
"beset",
"besiege",
"curse",
"excruciate",
"harrow",
"persecute",
"plague",
"rack",
"torment",
"torture"
],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"Choose the Right Synonym for afflict afflict , try , torment , torture , rack mean to inflict on a person something that is hard to bear. afflict is a general term and applies to the causing of pain or suffering or of acute annoyance, embarrassment, or any distress. ills that afflict the elderly try suggests imposing something that strains the powers of endurance or of self-control. children often try their parents' patience torment suggests persecution or the repeated inflicting of suffering or annoyance. a horse tormented by flies torture adds the implication of causing unbearable pain or suffering. tortured by a sense of guilt rack stresses straining or wrenching. a body racked by pain",
"examples":[
"The disease afflicts an estimated two million people every year.",
"the South was afflicted by a severe drought",
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Nafisi\u2019s dispatches are eloquent essays on literature\u2019s power to comfort the afflicted and afflict the comfortable. \u2014 Chris Vognar, USA TODAY , 9 Mar. 2022",
"Not all of the disease\u2019s effects are well understood: researchers are still studying how Covid-19 damages the brain and inhibits smell and the mechanism behind the long-term symptoms that afflict about 1 in 5 adult survivors of the disease. \u2014 Zachary Snowdon Smith, Forbes , 26 May 2022",
"Near or above record highs in the mid-90s are projected to afflict the Houston area until Monday. \u2014 Dan Carson, Chron , 13 May 2022",
"One type of dysautonomia thought to afflict long COVID sufferers is Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome, or POTS. \u2014 Erin Prater, Fortune , 31 May 2022",
"Micronutrient deficiencies afflict more than two billion people worldwide, including 340 million children. \u2014 Rachel Berkowitz, Scientific American , 19 May 2022",
"The gas price issue encapsulates a dilemma that can often afflict presidents at times of international crises. \u2014 Stephen Collinson, CNN , 9 Mar. 2022",
"Overdoses afflict the races about equally, while white people are 55% more likely to drink themselves to death through cirrhosis or chronic liver disease. \u2014 Michael Warren, ajc , 12 Apr. 2022",
"Overdoses afflict the races about equally, while white people are 55 percent more likely to drink themselves to death through cirrhosis or chronic liver disease. \u2014 NBC News , 12 Apr. 2022"
],
"history_and_etymology":{
"Middle English afflihten \"to excite, become distressed,\" probably verbal derivative of affliht, aflyght \"disturbed, upset,\" borrowed from Latin affl\u012bctus, past participle of affl\u012bgere \"to knock or strike down, ruin, distress severely,\" from ad- ad- + fl\u012bgere \"to strike down\" \u2014 more at profligate entry 1":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 2":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220708-182106"
},
"afflicting":{
"type":[
"verb"
],
"definitions":{
": to cause pain or suffering to : to distress so severely as to cause persistent suffering or anguish":[
"people afflicted with arthritis",
"a region afflicted by hunger and poverty"
],
": trouble , injure":[],
": humble":[],
": overthrow":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u0259-\u02c8flikt"
],
"synonyms":[
"agonize",
"anguish",
"bedevil",
"beset",
"besiege",
"curse",
"excruciate",
"harrow",
"persecute",
"plague",
"rack",
"torment",
"torture"
],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"Choose the Right Synonym for afflict afflict , try , torment , torture , rack mean to inflict on a person something that is hard to bear. afflict is a general term and applies to the causing of pain or suffering or of acute annoyance, embarrassment, or any distress. ills that afflict the elderly try suggests imposing something that strains the powers of endurance or of self-control. children often try their parents' patience torment suggests persecution or the repeated inflicting of suffering or annoyance. a horse tormented by flies torture adds the implication of causing unbearable pain or suffering. tortured by a sense of guilt rack stresses straining or wrenching. a body racked by pain",
"examples":[
"The disease afflicts an estimated two million people every year.",
"the South was afflicted by a severe drought",
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Nafisi\u2019s dispatches are eloquent essays on literature\u2019s power to comfort the afflicted and afflict the comfortable. \u2014 Chris Vognar, USA TODAY , 9 Mar. 2022",
"Not all of the disease\u2019s effects are well understood: researchers are still studying how Covid-19 damages the brain and inhibits smell and the mechanism behind the long-term symptoms that afflict about 1 in 5 adult survivors of the disease. \u2014 Zachary Snowdon Smith, Forbes , 26 May 2022",
"Near or above record highs in the mid-90s are projected to afflict the Houston area until Monday. \u2014 Dan Carson, Chron , 13 May 2022",
"One type of dysautonomia thought to afflict long COVID sufferers is Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome, or POTS. \u2014 Erin Prater, Fortune , 31 May 2022",
"Micronutrient deficiencies afflict more than two billion people worldwide, including 340 million children. \u2014 Rachel Berkowitz, Scientific American , 19 May 2022",
"The gas price issue encapsulates a dilemma that can often afflict presidents at times of international crises. \u2014 Stephen Collinson, CNN , 9 Mar. 2022",
"Overdoses afflict the races about equally, while white people are 55% more likely to drink themselves to death through cirrhosis or chronic liver disease. \u2014 Michael Warren, ajc , 12 Apr. 2022",
"Overdoses afflict the races about equally, while white people are 55 percent more likely to drink themselves to death through cirrhosis or chronic liver disease. \u2014 NBC News , 12 Apr. 2022"
],
"history_and_etymology":{
"Middle English afflihten \"to excite, become distressed,\" probably verbal derivative of affliht, aflyght \"disturbed, upset,\" borrowed from Latin affl\u012bctus, past participle of affl\u012bgere \"to knock or strike down, ruin, distress severely,\" from ad- ad- + fl\u012bgere \"to strike down\" \u2014 more at profligate entry 1":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 2":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220708-234326"
},
"affliction":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": a cause of persistent pain or distress":[
"a mysterious affliction"
],
": great suffering":[
"felt empathy with their affliction"
],
": the state of being afflicted by something that causes suffering":[
"her affliction with polio"
]
},
"examples":[
"She lost her sight and is now learning to live with her affliction .",
"He died from a mysterious affliction .",
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Unfortunately, this movie seems to once again suffer from a particular affliction inherent in scores of Netflix movies of late. \u2014 Andy Meek, BGR , 17 May 2022",
"The involvement of Pearce is a wink and a nod to his role in a classic of the memory- affliction subgenre, Memento, a taut and masterful thriller in whose shadow Memory withers. \u2014 Sheri Linden, The Hollywood Reporter , 27 Apr. 2022",
"Surviving reports of Rome suggest the disease was a common affliction at the time. \u2014 Elizabeth Djinis, Smithsonian Magazine , 27 May 2022",
"Insomnia is a common affliction in the outdoors, and Outside\u2019s editors are hardly immune. \u2014 The Editors, Outside Online , 9 May 2022",
"With the studied patience of a professional wise man, Mr. Friedmann listens to their laments and assures them, by way of consolation, that their problems are a nearly universal affliction . \u2014 New York Times , 20 Apr. 2022",
"Besides the unequal assignment of factory tasks, verbal harassment was a daily affliction , Chatman said. \u2014 Margot Roosevelt, Los Angeles Times , 25 Mar. 2022",
"But the zoo has also closed its aviaries to foot traffic, partly due to concerns that visitors could contribute to the affliction \u2019s spread. \u2014 Christine Condon, Baltimore Sun , 22 Mar. 2022",
"The affliction continues to confound the medical establishment. \u2014 Meredith Cohn, baltimoresun.com , 13 Feb. 2022"
],
"first_known_use":{
"14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 3":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"Middle English affliccioun \"misery, distress, self-inflicted pain,\" borrowed from Anglo-French afflicion, borrowed from Late Latin affl\u012bcti\u014dn-, affl\u012bcti\u014d, from Latin affl\u012bgere \"to afflict \" + -ti\u014dn-, -ti\u014d, suffix of action nouns":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u0259-\u02c8flik-sh\u0259n"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[
"agony",
"anguish",
"distress",
"excruciation",
"hurt",
"misery",
"pain",
"rack",
"strait(s)",
"torment",
"torture",
"travail",
"tribulation",
"woe"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-024502",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"afflictive":{
"antonyms":[
"indolent",
"painless"
],
"definitions":{
": causing affliction : distressing , troublesome":[
"afflictive emotions"
]
},
"examples":[
"the afflictive disease known as shingles is a reactivation of the virus that causes chicken pox",
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Perhaps this afflictive uncertainty can be redefined. \u2014 Krista Stevens, Longreads , 26 Apr. 2018"
],
"first_known_use":{
"1576, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"borrowed from French afflictif, going back to Middle French, borrowed from Medieval Latin affl\u012bct\u012bvus, from Latin affl\u012bctus (past participle of affl\u012bgere \"to afflict \") + -\u012bvus -ive":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u0259-\u02c8flik-tiv"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[
"aching",
"achy",
"hurting",
"nasty",
"painful",
"sore"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-095000",
"type":[
"adjective",
"adverb"
]
},
"affluence":{
"antonyms":[
"outflow",
"outpouring"
],
"definitions":{
": a flowing to or toward a point : influx":[],
": abundance of property : wealth":[
"rose from poverty to affluence"
],
": an abundant flow or supply : profusion":[
"\u2026 to attain that breadth and height, that wealth of muscle, that affluence of flesh.",
"\u2014 Charlotte Bront\u00eb"
]
},
"examples":[
"this affluence of new students is straining an already crowded school system",
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"For one thing, the investment can be regarded as a new way for public figures to flaunt their social status and affluence . \u2014 Gary Fowler, Forbes , 17 June 2022",
"Might those subjects, which have a lot to do with status and comparison and affluence , feed ways of thinking that are disempowering",
"Being an Asplundh certainly is no guarantee of affluence . \u2014 Matt Durot, Forbes , 4 June 2022",
"But Soros\u2019s insights were often discounted because of his affluence . \u2014 New York Times , 6 Apr. 2022",
"Nunes notes that such dishes appeal more to a newly wealthy diner or someone merely aspiring to that status, not to people with no need to broadcast their affluence . \u2014 Washington Post , 17 Aug. 2021",
"They were joined by suburban conservatives in California and in the New South, who sought ways to preserve their property and their affluence . \u2014 Kim Phillips-fein, The New Republic , 2 Aug. 2021",
"These shifting trends, which are likely to result in more instances of heart disease, mean the condition has moved firmly beyond being a disease of affluence or sedentary lifestyles associated with city living. \u2014 Jyoti Madhusoodanan, Scientific American , 19 May 2022",
"There was affluence and there were folks struggling to get by. \u2014 Los Angeles Times , 14 Apr. 2022"
],
"first_known_use":{
"14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1b":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"Middle English, \"abundance, profusion,\" borrowed from Middle French & Latin; Middle French, borrowed from Latin affluentia, noun derivative of affluent-, affluens affluent entry 1 \u2014 more at -ence":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8a-\u02ccfl\u00fc-\u0259ns",
"also a-\u02c8fl\u00fc-",
"or \u0259-",
"\u02c8a-(\u02cc)fl\u00fc-\u0259n(t)s"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[
"flux",
"income",
"inflow",
"influx",
"inpouring",
"inrush"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-084315",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"affluency":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": affluence":[]
},
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"While their populations are too small to make our list, their concentration of affluency is striking. \u2014 Ben Baxter, AL.com , 7 Dec. 2017"
],
"first_known_use":{
"1591, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{},
"pronounciation":[
"also a-\u02c8fl\u00fc-",
"\u02c8a-(\u02cc)fl\u00fc-\u0259n(t)-s\u0113",
"or \u0259-"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-040951",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"affluent":{
"type":[
"adjective",
"adverb",
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": having an abundance of goods or riches : wealthy":[
"affluent families",
"our affluent society"
],
": flowing in abundance":[
"affluent streams",
"affluent creativity"
],
": a tributary stream":[
"\u2026 its meandering stream, one of the smaller affluents of the Sacramento.",
"\u2014 John Muir"
],
": a wealthy or affluent person":[
"The affluents exhibit far less demographic diversity than is exhibited in any of the lower-income segments of the population.",
"\u2014 Pamela N. Danzinger"
]
},
"pronounciation":[
"or \u0259-",
"\u02c8a-(\u02cc)fl\u00fc-\u0259nt",
"also a-\u02c8fl\u00fc-",
"\u02c8a-\u02ccfl\u00fc-\u0259nt"
],
"synonyms":[
"deep-pocketed",
"fat",
"fat-cat",
"flush",
"loaded",
"moneyed",
"monied",
"opulent",
"rich",
"silk-stocking",
"wealthy",
"well-endowed",
"well-fixed",
"well-heeled",
"well-off",
"well-to-do"
],
"antonyms":[
"bayou",
"branch",
"confluent",
"feeder",
"influent",
"tributary"
],
"synonym_discussion":"Choose the Right Synonym for affluent Adjective rich , wealthy , affluent , opulent mean having goods, property, and money in abundance. rich implies having more than enough to gratify normal needs or desires. became rich through shrewd investing wealthy stresses the possession of property and intrinsically valuable things. wealthy landowners affluent suggests prosperity and an increasing wealth. an affluent society opulent suggests lavish expenditure and display of great wealth, more often applying to things than people. an opulent mansion",
"examples":[
"Adjective",
"The store catered to a mostly affluent clientele that was relatively price insensitive, so we could afford to pay our suppliers a premium for the very best fish. The shop also developed a significant wholesale business, and soon the great and the good of London gastronomy were flocking to our door. \u2014 Frances Percival , Saveur , March 2008",
"A recent crop of books and articles give voice to this complaint. They happen to be written by journalists who are also well-educated and affluent mothers, but when it comes to parental discontent they are not alone. \u2014 Barbara Dafoe Whitehead , Commonweal , 16 June 2006",
"The Bay Area, which encompasses the cities of San Francisco, Oakland, and San Jose, as well as surrounding areas, is one of the nation's most affluent regions: More than 40% of the area's residents have annual household income of at least $75,000, versus only 25% in the country's other top 50 markets, according to Scarborough Research. \u2014 Eileen Davis Hudson et al. , Editor & Publisher , 1 Oct. 2001",
"His family was more affluent than most.",
"he is affluent and can afford to send his children to the best schools",
"Noun",
"the Nipigon and the St. Louis rivers are affluents of Lake Superior",
"Recent Examples on the Web: Adjective",
"In 1935, leaving his wife and two children in the affluent New York suburb of Scarsdale, Siegel was sent by the mob to Los Angeles. \u2014 Los Angeles Times , 20 June 2022",
"Vestavia Hills, an affluent suburb of about 40,000 residents, is about 7 miles south of Birmingham, Alabama. \u2014 Jeanine Santucci, USA TODAY , 17 June 2022",
"After his meeting at the steel plant, Pence was expected to journey to the home of Nancy and David Aichholz in the affluent Cincinnati suburb of Indian Hill. \u2014 Scott Wartman, The Enquirer , 16 June 2022",
"The New Nashville Scottsdale, an affluent suburb of Phoenix, the country\u2019s fifth-largest city, was founded in the late 1880s by Winfield Scott, a U.S. Army chaplain who had previously served as an Army general and, in 1852, ran for president. \u2014 New York Times , 4 June 2022",
"Considering that Chanel has raised prices on their handbags by over 71 percent since before the pandemic according to Reuters, targeting areas with affluent customers is key. \u2014 Roxanne Robinson, Forbes , 25 Apr. 2022",
"So, people in an affluent suburb get to decide for themselves whether to don a mask when entering a store or other interior space, but those in Philly will be forced by government fiat to do this because \u2026 redlining used to be practiced in the city",
"Meanwhile, long-distance systems have lagged, as the bulk of their more affluent customers with more flexible desk jobs continue to telework or turn to driving. \u2014 Washington Post , 4 Mar. 2022",
"Hartford\u2019s commercial property tax rate is about 74 mills \u2014 double that of Simsbury, an affluent suburb about 40 minutes to the west. \u2014 Keith M. Phaneuf, courant.com , 19 Dec. 2021",
"Recent Examples on the Web: Noun",
"Bling Empire, Singapore Social, Shahs of Sunset, and The Fabulous Lives of Bollywood Wives prop up the affluent . \u2014 Ineye Komonibo, refinery29.com , 27 Mar. 2022",
"Bling Empire, Singapore Social, Shahs of Sunset, and The Fabulous Lives of Bollywood Wives prop up the affluent . \u2014 Ineye Komonibo, refinery29.com , 27 Mar. 2022",
"Bling Empire, Singapore Social, Shahs of Sunset, and The Fabulous Lives of Bollywood Wives prop up the affluent . \u2014 Ineye Komonibo, refinery29.com , 27 Mar. 2022",
"Bling Empire, Singapore Social, Shahs of Sunset, and The Fabulous Lives of Bollywood Wives prop up the affluent . \u2014 Ineye Komonibo, refinery29.com , 27 Mar. 2022",
"Bling Empire, Singapore Social, Shahs of Sunset, and The Fabulous Lives of Bollywood Wives prop up the affluent . \u2014 Ineye Komonibo, refinery29.com , 27 Mar. 2022",
"Bling Empire, Singapore Social, Shahs of Sunset, and The Fabulous Lives of Bollywood Wives prop up the affluent . \u2014 Ineye Komonibo, refinery29.com , 27 Mar. 2022",
"Bling Empire, Singapore Social, Shahs of Sunset, and The Fabulous Lives of Bollywood Wives prop up the affluent . \u2014 Ineye Komonibo, refinery29.com , 27 Mar. 2022",
"Bling Empire, Singapore Social, Shahs of Sunset, and The Fabulous Lives of Bollywood Wives prop up the affluent . \u2014 Ineye Komonibo, refinery29.com , 27 Mar. 2022"
],
"history_and_etymology":{
"Middle English, \"flowing in abundance, copious,\" borrowed from Latin affluent-, affluens \"flowing with, abundant,\" present participle of affluere \"to flow in, come streaming along, be abundantly present,\" from ad- ad- + fluere \"to flow, run\" \u2014 more at fluid entry 1":"Adjective",
"borrowed from French, borrowed from Latin affluent-, affluens \"flowing in\" \u2014 more at affluent entry 1":"Noun"
},
"first_known_use":{
"15th century, in the meaning defined at sense 2":"Adjective",
"1735, in the meaning defined at sense 1":"Noun"
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220708-172926"
},
"affordable":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": able to be afforded : having a cost that is not too high":[
"products sold at affordable prices",
"an affordable purchase",
"affordable housing [=housing that is not too expensive for people of limited means]"
]
},
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Stylish shoes that are affordable , comfortable, and good for the planet",
"The popular remodeling site describes them as affordable , energy efficient and low maintenance. \u2014 Jamie Gold, Forbes , 21 June 2022",
"The lack of affordable and available computer chips has driven up prices across the economy, including in things like automobiles. \u2014 CBS News , 19 June 2022",
"As communities are developed, policies must ensure residents have continued access to affordable and sustainable rental and homeownership opportunities. \u2014 CNN , 19 June 2022",
"Garcia said that artists, hippies and others attracted by the area's affordable and plentiful real estate began moving into town. \u2014 Sarah Lapidus, The Arizona Republic , 18 June 2022",
"Here\u2019s a quick, affordable and satisfying side that can be tweaked to suit a variety of ingredients or accompany a wide range of dishes. \u2014 Becky Krystal, Washington Post , 18 June 2022",
"Caregivers have drawn the opposite conclusion, saying the report shows that an affordable , convenient, and lightly-regulated industry with low up-front costs for entrepreneurs is the shortest path to stamping out unlicensed sales. \u2014 Globe Staff, BostonGlobe.com , 18 June 2022",
"This is one of the most affordable and budget-friendly iPhone cases that is still built with quality in mind. \u2014 Douglas Helm, Popular Mechanics , 17 June 2022"
],
"first_known_use":{
"1647, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"afford + -able":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u0259-\u02c8f\u022fr-d\u0259-b\u0259l"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[
"accessible",
"popular"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220706-221643",
"type":[
"adjective",
"adverb",
"noun"
]
},
"affray":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": a fight in a public place that disturbs the peace":[],
": fray , brawl":[],
": startle , frighten":[]
},
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web: Noun",
"Later in July, investigators identified a 15-year-old suspect and charged him with murder and affray , according to police. \u2014 Henri Hollis, ajc , 30 Nov. 2021",
"The man was later arrested and charged with animal cruelty and affray . \u2014 Washington Post , 10 Aug. 2021",
"He also was arrested in 2009 on misdemeanor affray charges after being involved in a fight and fleeing police. \u2014 Mark Inabinett | Minabinett@al.com, al , 13 Dec. 2019",
"The police said the 43-year-old man has been charged with assault causing bodily harm and affray . \u2014 Ivana Kottasov\u00e1, CNN , 23 Nov. 2019",
"Each has been charged with either assault and battery on a police officer or assault, accosting, affray , or carrying a dangerous weapon. \u2014 Joey Garrison, USA TODAY , 9 Sep. 2019",
"Despite serving a ten-month imprisonment for affray in 2012, the striker became a firm favourite amongst fans, being handed the armband at the start of the team's promotion-winning campaign of 2014/15. \u2014 SI.com , 29 June 2019",
"Harrison, in addition to felony murder charges, is also facing first- and second-degree cruelty to children, simple battery and affray . \u2014 Breanna Edwards, Essence , 24 July 2019",
"Harrison was charged with felony murder, cruelty to children, simple battery and affray for fighting, police said. \u2014 Minyvonne Burke, NBC News , 23 July 2019"
],
"first_known_use":{
"14th century, in the meaning defined above":"Verb",
"14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1":"Noun"
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"Middle English afraien, affraien \"to disturb, frighten, attack, brawl,\" borrowed from Anglo-French esfreier, effreier, (with prefix alternation) affreer, affraier \"to frighten, startle,\" going back to Gallo-Romance *exfrid\u0101re, from Latin ex- ex- entry 1 + Gallo-Romance *-frid\u0101re, derivative from Old Low Franconian *fri\u00f0u \"peace, tranquility,\" going back to Germanic *fri\u00feu- (whence Old English fri\u00fe \"peace, security, protection,\" Old Saxon fri\u0111u, Old High German fridu, Old Norse fri\u00f0r ), derivative, with the suffix *-tu-, of *fri(j)a- free entry 1":"Verb",
"Middle English afray, affray \"fright, consternation, assault, brawl,\" borrowed from Anglo-French effrei, esfrei, affrai, noun derivative of esfreier, effreier, affraier \"to frighten, startle\" \u2014 more at affray entry 2":"Noun"
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u0259-\u02c8fr\u0101"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[
"brawl",
"broil",
"donnybrook",
"fracas",
"fray",
"free-for-all",
"melee",
"m\u00eal\u00e9e",
"rough-and-tumble",
"row",
"ruckus",
"ruction"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-011039",
"type":[
"noun",
"verb"
]
},
"affrication":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": conversion (of a simple stop sound) into an affricate":[]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{
"1878, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"borrowed from German Affrikation , borrowed from Late Latin adfric\u0101ti\u014dn-, adfric\u0101ti\u014d, affric\u0101ti\u014dn-, affric\u0101ti\u014d \"rubbing (of parts of the body),\" from Latin affric\u0101re \"to rub (one thing against another)\" + -ti\u014dn-, -ti\u014d , noun suffix":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02cca-fri-\u02c8k\u0101-sh\u0259n"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220706-114538",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"affright":{
"antonyms":[
"reassure"
],
"definitions":{
": frighten , alarm":[],
": sudden and great fear : terror":[]
},
"examples":[
"Verb",
"a ghastly sight that would affright any person"
],
"first_known_use":{
"1596, in the meaning defined above":"Noun",
"before the 12th century, in the meaning defined above":"Verb"
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"Middle English afrighten, probably derivative of afright, afyrht (12th century) \"frightened,\" going back to Old English \u0101fyrht, past participle of \u0101fyrhtan \"to frighten,\" from \u0101-, perfective prefix + fyrhtan \"to frighten\" \u2014 more at abide , fright entry 2":"Verb",
"derivative of affright entry 1":"Noun"
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u0259-\u02c8fr\u012bt"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[
"alarm",
"alarum",
"fright",
"frighten",
"horrify",
"panic",
"scare",
"scarify",
"shock",
"spook",
"startle",
"terrify",
"terrorize"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220706-164522",
"type":[
"noun",
"verb"
]
},
"affrighted":{
"antonyms":[
"reassure"
],
"definitions":{
": frighten , alarm":[],
": sudden and great fear : terror":[]
},
"examples":[
"Verb",
"a ghastly sight that would affright any person"
],
"first_known_use":{
"1596, in the meaning defined above":"Noun",
"before the 12th century, in the meaning defined above":"Verb"
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"Middle English afrighten, probably derivative of afright, afyrht (12th century) \"frightened,\" going back to Old English \u0101fyrht, past participle of \u0101fyrhtan \"to frighten,\" from \u0101-, perfective prefix + fyrhtan \"to frighten\" \u2014 more at abide , fright entry 2":"Verb",
"derivative of affright entry 1":"Noun"
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u0259-\u02c8fr\u012bt"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[
"alarm",
"alarum",
"fright",
"frighten",
"horrify",
"panic",
"scare",
"scarify",
"shock",
"spook",
"startle",
"terrify",
"terrorize"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-095618",
"type":[
"noun",
"verb"
]
},
"affrighten":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": affright":[]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{
"1615, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"affright entry 1 + -en entry 2 (after frighten )":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u0259-\u02c8fr\u012b-t\u1d4an"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-174901",
"type":[
"transitive verb"
]
},
"affrightful":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": frightful":[]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{
"1603, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"affright entry 2 + -ful entry 1 (after frightful )":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u0259-\u02c8fr\u012bt-f\u0259l"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220706-134920",
"type":[
"adjective",
"adverb"
]
},
"affront":{
"antonyms":[
"barb",
"brickbat",
"cut",
"dart",
"dig",
"dis",
"diss",
"epithet",
"gird",
"indignity",
"insult",
"name",
"offense",
"offence",
"outrage",
"personality",
"poke",
"put-down",
"sarcasm",
"slap",
"slight",
"slur"
],
"definitions":{
": a deliberate offense : insult":[
"an affront to his dignity"
],
": a hostile encounter":[],
": to appear directly before":[],
": to cause offense to":[
"laws that affront society"
],
": to encounter face-to-face":[],
": to face in defiance : confront":[
"affront death"
],
": to insult especially to the face by behavior or language":[
"He was affronted by her rudeness."
]
},
"examples":[
"Verb",
"did not mean to affront you when I told you I didn't need your help",
"Noun",
"He regarded her rude behavior as a personal affront .",
"took it as an affront that she wasn't asked to help cook Thanksgiving dinner",
"Recent Examples on the Web: Verb",
"Its product refuses to entertain while its meta events such as the Oscars affront those who are na\u00efve enough to beg it for escapism. \u2014 Armond White, National Review , 28 Apr. 2021",
"Life itself, then, could affront and ridicule and even torment the provocateur: the mocker brutally mocked by personal reality. \u2014 New York Times , 1 Apr. 2021",
"Other customers show up without masks, occasionally reacting belligerently or as if personally affronted when asked to put on a mask or practice social distancing. \u2014 Anchorage Daily News , 2 June 2020",
"Judge for yourself whether Errol Morris\u2019 documentary American Dharma affronts the Republic by being too kind to Bannon. \u2014 Kyle Smith, National Review , 1 Nov. 2019",
"And while some may point to Kenny Dalglish or Steven Gerrard as Mr. Liverpool, either of those men would be affronted at that suggestion, because the only true contender is Bill Shankly. \u2014 SI.com , 23 July 2019",
"Snowden says he was affronted by the rank hypocrisy of it all. \u2014 Jennifer Szalai, New York Times , 13 Sep. 2019",
"It\u2019s hard to imagine anybody feeling affronted by him. \u2014 Barton Swaim, WSJ , 21 June 2019",
"Which is obviously why so many people are affronted by it. \u2014 Cincinnati Enquirer , 13 July 2018",
"Recent Examples on the Web: Noun",
"The alliance is also waiting to see whether Sweden and Finland, two neighbors of Russia, announce plans to join NATO, a move the Kremlin would see as an affront . \u2014 Elena Becatoros And Jon Gambrell, Chicago Tribune , 11 May 2022",
"The alliance is also waiting to see whether Sweden and Finland, two neighbors of Russia, announce plans to join NATO, a move the Kremlin would see as an affront . \u2014 Elena Becatoros, BostonGlobe.com , 11 May 2022",
"Republicans have railed against mask rules as an affront to individual liberties and evidence of an overbearing federal government. \u2014 Tarini Parti And Ken Thomas, WSJ , 23 Apr. 2022",
"Some of her colleagues appeared to see that as an affront , after Gohlstin had already advised against it. \u2014 Kaitlin Durbin, cleveland , 28 Mar. 2022",
"Demanding a handover of cellphones, too, could prove to be an affront to the Supreme Court\u2019s workforce. \u2014 Erik Wemple, Washington Post , 31 May 2022",
"Attempts to promote equality are an affront to the natural order of things. \u2014 Kermit Roosevelt Iii, Time , 16 May 2022",
"The Global Times, tweeted that the move was an affront to Beijing and even lays the groundwork for war in Asia. \u2014 Charlie Campbell, Time , 5 May 2022",
"So much of the play is about the way American men take queerness to be an affront to their own security. \u2014 Michael Appler, Variety , 5 Apr. 2022"
],
"first_known_use":{
"14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1a":"Verb",
"1533, in the meaning defined at sense 2":"Noun"
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"Middle English afronten, afrounten, borrowed from Anglo-French afrunter \"to strike the front of, shame,\" derivative from the phrase a frunt \"facing, openly, blatantly,\" from a \"to, at\" (going back to Latin ad ) + frunt \" front entry 1 , forehead\" \u2014 more at at entry 1":"Verb",
"borrowed from Middle French, noun derivative of affronter \"to affront entry 1 \"":"Noun"
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u0259-\u02c8fr\u0259nt"
],
"synonym_discussion":"Choose the Right Synonym for affront Verb offend , outrage , affront , insult mean to cause hurt feelings or deep resentment. offend need not imply an intentional hurting but it may indicate merely a violation of the victim's sense of what is proper or fitting. hoped that my remarks had not offended her outrage implies offending beyond endurance and calling forth extreme feelings. outraged by their accusations affront implies treating with deliberate rudeness or contemptuous indifference to courtesy. deeply affronted by his callousness insult suggests deliberately causing humiliation, hurt pride, or shame. insulted every guest at the party",
"synonyms":[
"dis",
"diss",
"disrespect",
"insult",
"offend",
"outrage",
"slap",
"slight",
"wound"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-054108",
"type":[
"noun",
"verb"
]
},
"affront\u00e9":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": facing each other \u2014 compare combatant , respectant":[],
": facing to the front : full-faced : gardant":[]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{
"1718, in the meaning defined at sense 1":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"borrowed from French affront\u00e9 , from past participle of affronter \"to confront, affront entry 1 \"":""
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-194220",
"type":[
"adjective"
]
},
"affine":{
"type":[
"adjective",
"adverb",
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": a relative by marriage : in-law":[],
": of, relating to, or being a transformation (such as a translation, a rotation, or a uniform stretching) that carries straight lines into straight lines and parallel lines into parallel lines but may alter distance between points and angles between lines":[
"affine geometry"
]
},
"pronounciation":[
"a-\u02c8f\u012bn, \u0259-",
"\u0259-",
"a-\u02c8f\u012bn"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web: Noun",
"Ruby Prosser Scully at New Scientist reports that the researchers found a species called Sphagnum affine , or bog moss, in \u00d6tzi\u2019s colon. \u2014 Jason Daley, Smithsonian , 1 Nov. 2019",
"Recent Examples on the Web: Adjective",
"The affine wealth model has been applied to empirical data from many countries and epochs. \u2014 Bruce M. Boghosian, Scientific American , 1 Nov. 2019"
],
"history_and_etymology":{
"borrowed from Anglo-French affin, going back to Latin aff\u012bnis \"neighbor, relation by marriage,\" noun derivative of aff\u012bnis \"bordering (on), related by marriage\" \u2014 more at affinity":"Noun",
"borrowed from New Latin aff\u012bnis, taken to mean \"having affinity,\" going back to Latin, \"bordering (on), connected (with)\" \u2014 more at affinity":"Adjective"
},
"first_known_use":{
"circa 1509, in the meaning defined above":"Noun",
"1896, in the meaning defined above":"Adjective"
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220708-143007"
},
"affined":{
"type":[
"adjective"
],
"definitions":{
": joined in a close relationship : connected":[],
": bound by obligation":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"a-\u02c8f\u012bnd",
"\u0259-"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"probably borrowed from Middle French affin\u00e9, past participle of affiner \"to enter into a relationship (with)\" (verbal derivative of affin \"spouse, relative by marriage\"), with -\u00e9 translated as -ed entry 1 \u2014 more at affine entry 1":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"1586, in the meaning defined at sense 1":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220708-163648"
},
"affinitive":{
"type":[
"adjective"
],
"definitions":{
": closely related":[
"a situation affinitive to his own"
]
},
"pronounciation":[
"a-",
"\u0259-\u02c8fi-n\u0259-tiv"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"affinity + -ive":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"1651, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220708-191855"
},
"aff":{
"type":[
"abbreviation"
],
"definitions":{
"affirmative":[]
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220708-193743"
},
"affluential":{
"type":[
"adjective"
],
"definitions":{
": wealthy and influential : having power and influence because of affluence":[
"In short, recruit affluential and influential movers and shakers to serve on the rating committee.",
"\u2014 Stanley Weinstein , The Complete Guide to Fundraising Management , 2009"
]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02cca-(\u02cc)fl\u00fc-\u02c8en(t)-sh\u0259l"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"blend of affluent entry 1 and influential":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"1842, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220708-200109"
},
"affluenza":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": the unhealthy and unwelcome psychological and social effects of affluence regarded especially as a widespread societal problem: such as":[],
": feelings of guilt, lack of motivation, and social isolation experienced by wealthy people":[
"Even so, psychologists are slowly recognizing that great riches are sometimes accompanied by a wealth of crippling emotional and psychological fears. Affluenza can be acute, striking lottery winners or newly minted doctors and M.B.A.s. It can also be a chronic and pervasive condition in families where riches extend through generations.",
"\u2014 Anastasia Toufexis et al."
],
": extreme materialism and consumerism associated with the pursuit of wealth and success and resulting in a life of chronic dissatisfaction, debt, overwork, stress, and impaired relationships":[
"Affluenza is particularly rampant in the United States, where we place a high priority on financial success and material possessions.",
"\u2014 David Hawkins"
]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02cca-(\u02cc)fl\u00fc-\u02c8en-z\u0259"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Related stories from Fort Worth Star Telegram Tonya Couch, the ' affluenza ' mom, is back in jail after failed drug test 'Affluenza teen' will have strict curfew, alcohol monitoring once he's released Forgive Ethan Couch",
"The drunken driving case gained national outrage after Couch received no prison time in the initial manslaughter case after the affluenza plea, as CNN reported. \u2014 Linley Sanders, Teen Vogue , 2 Apr. 2018",
"And remember Ethan Couch's infamous affluenza defense"
],
"history_and_etymology":{
"blend of affluence and influenza":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"1973, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220708-211213"
},
"affinity group":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": a group of people having a common interest or goal or acting together for a specific purpose (as for a chartered tour)":[]
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"If your company does not have a formal employee resource group or affinity group to support a particular community, consider whether a listening session for just members of that particular community would be beneficial. \u2014 Janice Gassam Asare, Forbes , 20 May 2022",
"The tech giant\u2019s Glamazon affinity group for LGBTQ+ employees first marched in Seattle Pride in 2007. \u2014 Lila Maclellan, Quartz , 24 Mar. 2022",
"The South Asian Alliance affinity group recently shared a presentation of a Navaratri Dance Celebration during a community life session at Pacific Ridge School. \u2014 Laura Groch, San Diego Union-Tribune , 21 Nov. 2021",
"Parents Defending Education asked the court to eliminate both the racial affinity group and biased speech policies. \u2014 BostonGlobe.com , 20 Oct. 2021",
"In addition, the group said the district refused to form an affinity group for Jewish community members and sponsored a presentation at Wellesley High School that denounced Blue Lives Matter, a movement that advocates for law enforcement. \u2014 BostonGlobe.com , 20 Oct. 2021",
"There are many reasons to want an affinity group to be part of your selection criteria. \u2014 David John Marotta, Forbes , 8 Sep. 2021",
"The transcript of the February session with Mr. Rossi\u2019s white affinity group revealed a tense, probing discussion, with teachers and students found on either side of various questions. \u2014 Michael Powell, New York Times , 27 Aug. 2021",
"Coulter also began serving as co-chair of the National Association of Colleges & Employers' HBCU affinity group in January of 2020 before stepping down in July. \u2014 Chauncey Alcorn, CNN , 12 Aug. 2021"
],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{
"1915, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220708-223013"
},
"affamish":{
"type":[
"verb"
],
"definitions":{
": to cause to hunger : starve":[],
": to suffer or die from hunger : starve":[]
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"modification (influenced by famish ) of Middle French affamer, afamer":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"1615, in the meaning defined at transitive sense":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220708-233509"
},
"affination":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": the treatment of raw sugar crystals with a heavy syrup to remove the film of adhering molasses":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02cca-f\u0259-\u02c8n\u0101-sh\u0259n",
"\u02cca-\u02ccf\u012b-"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"affine entry 2 + -ation":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"1893, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-013935"
},
"affinage":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": the act or process of refining a metal":[],
": the act or process of aging cheese":[
"Affinage does for cheeses what great coaching does for athletes.",
"\u2014 Ari Weinzweig , Zingerman's Guide to Good Eating , 2003"
]
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"French, from affiner to refine + -age":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"circa 1656, in the meaning defined at sense 1":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-014332"
},
"affaire de coeur":{
"type":[
"French noun phrase"
],
"definitions":{
": affair of the heart : love affair":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"-\u02c8k\u0259r",
"\u0259-\u02c8fer-d\u0259-\u02c8k\u0153r"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-052023"
},
"affinity marketing":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": marketing directed specifically toward a group of people who have a common interest, support a common cause, etc. : marketing directed toward a particular affinity group":[
"A Dallas-based company's new twist on affinity marketing \u2014selling electricity to the fans of the Texas Longhorns and Texas Aggies\u2014appears to be a first for electricity providers and may represent a new way to reach customers in Texas \u2026",
"\u2014 Vicki Vaughan , Houston Chronicle , 31 Aug. 2010"
]
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{
"1986, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-070801"
},
"afflicted":{
"type":[
"adjective"
],
"definitions":{
": grievously affected or troubled (as by a disease) : mentally or physically impaired":[
"\u2026 a pet spaniel, so thin as to appear afflicted \u2026",
"\u2014 Osbert Sitwell",
"Paul fell sick and must keep his bed; drink was the root of his malady, in my poor thought; but he was tended, and indeed carried himself, like an afflicted saint.",
"\u2014 Robert Louis Stevenson",
"providing comfort to the afflicted [=people who are ill, suffering, etc.]"
]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u0259-\u02c8flik-t\u0259d"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"The afflicted man instead went to a Dawson hospital, where he was fed only raw potatoes and charged $10 a day for the privilege. \u2014 David Reamer, Anchorage Daily News , 12 June 2022",
"For nearly five years, the lingering hope of the pundit class (and, notably, the Biden campaign) was that the Trump fever would eventually burn itself out and those so afflicted would awake from its throes eager to be normal again. \u2014 Alex Shephard, The New Republic , 6 Jan. 2022",
"Regarding Cuba now, there seems to be an additional Russian objective: weakening U.S. and Canadian intelligence on the island by forcing the evacuation of afflicted spies and diplomatic personnel. \u2014 N\u00e9stor T. Carbonell, National Review , 12 Apr. 2021",
"Some of the bikers pouring into the area are coming from distant states far more afflicted . \u2014 CBS News , 10 Aug. 2020",
"Kroger officials said McMullen had planned to remove his mask for the event, which was not attended by Pence's afflicted press secretary Katie Miller who stayed in Washington. \u2014 Alexander Coolidge, Cincinnati.com , 11 May 2020",
"Symptoms of the illness are similar to pneumonia, although videos have been posted that purportedly show afflicted people collapsing on the street, bleeding from their mouths, and being treated by doctors wearing hazmat suits. \u2014 Zachary Halaschak, Washington Examiner , 25 Jan. 2020",
"Mealy bugs can be a real problem, not just for the afflicted plant but for neighboring, healthy houseplants. \u2014 Adrian Higgins, Washington Post , 13 Aug. 2019",
"Making a compelling financial case to fight climate change and to help the most afflicted demands a rigorous accounting of its effects. \u2014 Umair Irfan, Vox , 9 Oct. 2018"
],
"history_and_etymology":{
"from past participle of afflict":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"1534, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-093129"
},
"affiliative":{
"type":[
"adjective"
],
"definitions":{
": relating to the formation of social and emotional bonds with others or to the desire to create such bonds":[
"It is interesting and significant that most cult members join because of affiliative needs to be with others.",
"\u2014 Scott Smith, The Capital (Maryland) , 24 Apr. 2008",
"They have found oxytocin, a hormone associated with affiliative impulses, which may help initiate the onset of a loving bond between mother and infant.",
"\u2014 Natalie Angier , New York Times , 24 May 1994"
]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u0259-\u02c8fi-l\u0113-\u02cc\u0101-tiv"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{
"1950, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-111046"
},
"afford":{
"type":[
"verb"
],
"definitions":{
": to manage to bear without serious detriment":[
"You can't afford to neglect your health."
],
": to be able to bear the cost of":[
"can't afford to be out of work long"
],
": to make available, give forth, or provide naturally or inevitably":[
"The sun affords warmth to the earth.",
"a delay that will afford us more time"
]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u0259-\u02c8f\u022frd"
],
"synonyms":[
"go",
"swing"
],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"Choose the Right Synonym for afford give , present , donate , bestow , confer , afford mean to convey to another as a possession. give , the general term, is applicable to any passing over of anything by any means. give alms gave her a ride on a pony give my love to your mother present carries a note of formality and ceremony. present an award donate is likely to imply a publicized giving (as to charity). donate a piano to the orphanage bestow implies the conveying of something as a gift and may suggest condescension on the part of the giver. bestow unwanted advice confer implies a gracious giving (as of a favor or honor). confer an honorary degree afford implies a giving or bestowing usually as a natural or legitimate consequence of the character of the giver. the trees afford shade a development that affords us some hope",
"examples":[
"We were too poor to afford a doctor.",
"He'll be able to afford a house next year.",
"Don't spend more than you can afford .",
"They couldn't afford new coats for the children.",
"We can afford waiting a while longer.",
"All of the rooms afford views of the lake.",
"He was afforded the opportunity to work for a judge.",
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"But, will her millions of social media followers be able to afford ",
"Johnson, an elementary school teacher, is also concerned about being able to afford child care which is getting more expensive nationwide. \u2014 Nicquel Terry Ellis, CNN , 28 June 2022",
"Skinner was quick to point out that not everyone will be able to afford this option, however, and that the Supreme Court\u2019s action will land most squarely on low income people and communities of color. \u2014 Jenna Carlesso, Hartford Courant , 24 June 2022",
"Tejano west side means many will no longer be able to afford homes in communities their families built over generations. \u2014 Arelis R. Hern\u00e1ndez, Washington Post , 19 June 2022",
"The four companies say the number of credits should be increased because the pandemic and supply-chain problems have raised prices, potentially preventing customers from being able to afford a new EV. \u2014 Sebastian Blanco, Car and Driver , 18 June 2022",
"Madison and her family lived in a hotel after her mother, Antionette Bell, had a stroke in 2015 which caused her family to no longer be able to afford the mortgage on their home. \u2014 Tony Roberts, Baltimore Sun , 16 June 2022",
"For a one-time startup fee, struggling shops that may not be able to afford to start their own vaccine delivery services from scratch can join the Vaxi Taxi network. \u2014 Sonya Collins, Fortune , 10 June 2022",
"Plus, brands may be able to afford a digital influencer more easily\u2014at least for now. \u2014 Ananya Bhattacharya, Quartz , 9 June 2022"
],
"history_and_etymology":{
"respelling (after Latin borrowings with initial aff- ) of Middle English iforthen, aforthen, going back to Old English gefor\u00f0ian \"to send out, promote, carry out,\" from ge-, perfective prefix + for\u00f0ian \"to send out, promote,\" verbal derivative of for\u00fe \"forth, forward\" \u2014 more at co- , forth entry 1":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1a":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-121624"
},
"affinity chromatography":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": chromatography in which a macromolecule (such as a protein) is isolated and purified by passing it in solution through a column treated with a substance having a ligand for which the macromolecule has an affinity that causes it to be retained on the column":[]
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{
"1968, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-174215"
},
"affiliation order":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": order of filiation":[
"\u2026 this included public disclosure of court cases where single mothers took the father of their child to court to obtain an affiliation order \u2026",
"\u2014 North Devon Journal , 16 Mar. 2006"
]
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{
"1832, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220710-003029"
},
"affluxion":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": afflux":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u0259-",
"a-\u02c8fl\u0259k-sh\u0259n"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"Latin affluxus + English -ion":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"1646, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220710-011315"
},
"affinity card":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": a credit card which is issued in affiliation with a participating organization (such as a charity or an airline) and the use of which earns a benefit for the organization or the cardholder":[]
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{
"1979, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220710-014727"
}
}
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