dict_dl/en_MerriamWebster/vit_MW.json
2022-07-10 05:08:12 +00:00

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JSON

{
"Vitaceae":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": a family of woody or herbaceous vines (order Rhamnales) having simple, palmate, or pinnate leaves, usually tendril-bearing stems, and small greenish clustered flowers succeeded by a several-seeded berry \u2014 see cissus , parthenocissus , vitis":[]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{},
"history_and_etymology":{
"New Latin, from Vitis , type genus + -aceae":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"v\u012b\u02c8t\u0101s\u0113\u02cc\u0113"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220706-130940",
"type":[
"adjective",
"plural noun"
]
},
"vita-glass":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": glass that does not obstruct ultraviolet rays":[
"The aluminium blinds shot up, and the sun poured in through the vita-glass , filling the room with beneficent rays.",
"\u2014 Evelyn Waugh , Decline And Fall , 1928"
]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{},
"history_and_etymology":{},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8v\u012b-t\u0259-\u02ccglas"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-183945",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"vital":{
"antonyms":[
"dull",
"lethargic",
"listless",
"sluggish",
"torpid"
],
"definitions":{
": characteristic of life or living beings":[],
": concerned with or necessary to the maintenance of life":[
"vital organs",
"blood and other vital fluids"
],
": destructive to life : mortal":[],
": existing as a manifestation of life":[],
": full of life and vigor : animated":[],
": fundamentally concerned with or affecting life or living beings: such as":[],
": of the utmost importance":[
"a vital clue",
"vital resources"
],
": of, relating to, or constituting the staining of living tissues":[],
": recording data relating to lives":[],
": tending to renew or refresh the living : invigorating":[]
},
"examples":[
"These matters are vital to national defense.",
"The sciences are a vital part of the school curriculum.",
"your heart, lungs, and other vital organs",
"Exercise keeps her young and vital .",
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"For all the benefits created by the groundbreaking civil rights legislation, which became the law of the land on June 23, 1972, the next chapter in the evolution of equity is vital , as well. \u2014 oregonlive , 23 June 2022",
"These cultural ties are vital , and placing a certain cultural food or diet as top tier is unnecessary and untrue. \u2014 SELF , 18 June 2022",
"Experts say helping small-scale growers weather the crisis will be vital to ward off a global food crisis, with some calling for a major rethink about social inequalities in farming and the sustainability of mineral and chemical-based fertilizers. \u2014 The Christian Science Monitor , 17 June 2022",
"In a state and city with high suicide rates, this work is vital . \u2014 Anchorage Daily News , 15 June 2022",
"While Green\u2019s success on the mound was vital on Friday, Tecumseh\u2019s three-run first inning set the tone. \u2014 Gabby Hajduk, The Indianapolis Star , 11 June 2022",
"Over the last several years as the business case around disability is being amplified, the role of the disabled entrepreneur is becoming more vital than ever. \u2014 Jonathan Kaufman, Forbes , 10 June 2022",
"The Tony ceremony\u2019s marketing function as a glitzy means of raising public awareness of what\u2019s onstage and visibility for shows that may be slumping at the box office has seldom been more vital than now. \u2014 Globe Staff, BostonGlobe.com , 9 June 2022",
"Movement is more vital to our health and well-being than any other factor besides good nutrition. \u2014 Men's Health , 17 May 2022"
],
"first_known_use":{
"14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 2b":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"Middle English, from Latin vitalis of life, from vita life; akin to Latin vivere to live \u2014 more at quick entry 1":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8v\u012b-t\u1d4al",
"\u02c8v\u012bt-\u1d4al"
],
"synonym_discussion":"Choose the Right Synonym for vital essential , fundamental , vital , cardinal mean so important as to be indispensable. essential implies belonging to the very nature of a thing and therefore being incapable of removal without destroying the thing itself or its character. conflict is essential in drama fundamental applies to something that is a foundation without which an entire system or complex whole would collapse. fundamental principles of algebra vital suggests something that is necessary to a thing's continued existence or operation. cut off from vital supplies cardinal suggests something on which an outcome turns or depends. a cardinal rule in buying a home",
"synonyms":[
"dynamic",
"energetic",
"flush",
"gingery",
"lusty",
"peppy",
"red-blooded",
"robust",
"vigorous"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-084636",
"type":[
"adjective",
"adverb"
]
},
"vital air":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": oxygen":[]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{},
"history_and_etymology":{},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220706-205947",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"vital capacity":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": the breathing capacity of the lungs expressed as the number of cubic inches or cubic centimeters of air that can be forcibly exhaled after a full inspiration":[]
},
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"But as our commitment to pluralism waned, that system broke down and that vital capacity eroded. \u2014 Washington Post , 20 Jan. 2021",
"The three best divers in the group had an average vital capacity of 7.9 liters, while the three worst averaged just 6.7 liters. \u2014 Alex Hutchinson, Outside Online , 27 Feb. 2020"
],
"first_known_use":{
"1852, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220706-232810",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"vital force":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": \u00e9lan vital":[]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{
"1702, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220706-140404",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"vitality":{
"antonyms":[
"inactivity",
"lifelessness"
],
"definitions":{
": lively and animated character":[],
": power of enduring":[],
": the peculiarity distinguishing the living from the nonliving":[]
},
"examples":[
"Her prose is full of vitality .",
"These scandals could threaten the vitality of the sport.",
"the economic vitality of our cities",
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"The orchestral playing, led by Emmanuel\u2019s artistic director Ryan Turner, projected a similar vitality and cohesiveness. \u2014 Jeremy Eichler, BostonGlobe.com , 6 June 2022",
"The new hotel\u2019s spa will provide a host of relaxing amenities, including an 80-foot indoor swimming pool, sauna, vitality pool, relaxation room and a range of wellness treatments. \u2014 Demetrius Simms, Robb Report , 19 May 2022",
"That level of churn is not unusual and is in line with the vitality curve model of former General Electric CEO Jack Welch, who referenced an organization\u2019s top 20% of performers, middle 70% and bottom 10% and how to go about managing each. \u2014 oregonlive , 29 Aug. 2021",
"Akron will use its grant, in partnership with Summit County Public Health and the Well Community Development Corporation, to expand its Full Term First Birthday Greater Akron infant vitality initiative. \u2014 Megan Becka, cleveland , 7 July 2021",
"To measure our energy levels, Pierre Casse proposed the concept of the vitality quotient (VQ). \u2014 Iryna Manukovska, Forbes , 15 June 2022",
"The actress, who is nominated for her role as Lady Macbeth in Sam Gold\u2019s staging of the play, infuses the character with intensity, urgency and vitality . \u2014 New York Times , 10 June 2022",
"One of the most important ingredients is some Vitamin E to restore damaged skin and build vitality . \u2014 Grooming Playbook, The Salt Lake Tribune , 7 June 2022",
"These scenes are beautifully imagined, Musidora\u2019s foxy vitality melting into Mira\u2019s moody vibrance before our every eyes. \u2014 Stephanie Zacharek, Time , 6 June 2022"
],
"first_known_use":{
"1592, in the meaning defined at sense 2a":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{},
"pronounciation":[
"v\u012b-\u02c8tal-\u0259t-\u0113",
"v\u012b-\u02c8ta-l\u0259-t\u0113"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[
"animation",
"briskness",
"exuberance",
"jazziness",
"liveliness",
"lustiness",
"peppiness",
"robustness",
"sprightliness",
"vibrance",
"vibrancy",
"vigorousness"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220708-105538",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"vitalize":{
"antonyms":[
"damp",
"dampen",
"deaden",
"dull",
"kill"
],
"definitions":{
": to endow with vitality : animate":[]
},
"examples":[
"a hearty lunch and a long nap afterwards vitalized him again",
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Despite the shortcomings, reimbursement programs remain common, says Matthew Daniel of Guild Education, a benefits management firm working with employers, like Walmart, to vitalize their educational offerings. \u2014 Levi Pulkkinen, The Christian Science Monitor , 21 June 2021",
"What vitalizes them is the friction of the characters\u2019 incongruent desires: on the one hand, to embrace the simplicity of someone else\u2019s authority; on the other, to assert their own authorship. \u2014 Sarah Resnick, The New Yorker , 24 Jan. 2020",
"Proponents say scrapping Article 370 addresses gender discrimination, since the law stipulates that Kashmiri women who marry people outside the region lose inherited property rights, and will vitalize the economy. \u2014 Anchorage Daily News , 5 Aug. 2019",
"Camel\u2019s milk is luminescent, as though lit from within, and salty as lassi and immediately vitalizing . \u2014 Vogue , 15 Dec. 2017",
"He\u2019s done so by vitalizing live performance in a place where, as Gartell tells it, musicians have been overshadowed by DJs since the dawn of disco, and cobbled until recently by strict restrictions on playing live music in bars and restaurants. \u2014 Judy Cantor-navas, Billboard , 13 June 2017"
],
"first_known_use":{
"1678, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8v\u012b-t\u0259-\u02ccl\u012bz"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[
"amp (up)",
"animate",
"brace",
"energize",
"enliven",
"fillip",
"fire",
"ginger (up)",
"invigorate",
"jazz (up)",
"juice up",
"jump-start",
"liven (up)",
"pep (up)",
"quicken",
"spike",
"stimulate",
"vivify",
"zip (up)"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-042047",
"type":[
"noun",
"verb"
]
},
"vitalizing":{
"antonyms":[
"damp",
"dampen",
"deaden",
"dull",
"kill"
],
"definitions":{
": to endow with vitality : animate":[]
},
"examples":[
"a hearty lunch and a long nap afterwards vitalized him again",
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Despite the shortcomings, reimbursement programs remain common, says Matthew Daniel of Guild Education, a benefits management firm working with employers, like Walmart, to vitalize their educational offerings. \u2014 Levi Pulkkinen, The Christian Science Monitor , 21 June 2021",
"What vitalizes them is the friction of the characters\u2019 incongruent desires: on the one hand, to embrace the simplicity of someone else\u2019s authority; on the other, to assert their own authorship. \u2014 Sarah Resnick, The New Yorker , 24 Jan. 2020",
"Proponents say scrapping Article 370 addresses gender discrimination, since the law stipulates that Kashmiri women who marry people outside the region lose inherited property rights, and will vitalize the economy. \u2014 Anchorage Daily News , 5 Aug. 2019",
"Camel\u2019s milk is luminescent, as though lit from within, and salty as lassi and immediately vitalizing . \u2014 Vogue , 15 Dec. 2017",
"He\u2019s done so by vitalizing live performance in a place where, as Gartell tells it, musicians have been overshadowed by DJs since the dawn of disco, and cobbled until recently by strict restrictions on playing live music in bars and restaurants. \u2014 Judy Cantor-navas, Billboard , 13 June 2017"
],
"first_known_use":{
"1678, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8v\u012b-t\u0259-\u02ccl\u012bz"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[
"amp (up)",
"animate",
"brace",
"energize",
"enliven",
"fillip",
"fire",
"ginger (up)",
"invigorate",
"jazz (up)",
"juice up",
"jump-start",
"liven (up)",
"pep (up)",
"quicken",
"spike",
"stimulate",
"vivify",
"zip (up)"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220706-231546",
"type":[
"noun",
"verb"
]
},
"vitally":{
"antonyms":[
"dull",
"lethargic",
"listless",
"sluggish",
"torpid"
],
"definitions":{
": characteristic of life or living beings":[],
": concerned with or necessary to the maintenance of life":[
"vital organs",
"blood and other vital fluids"
],
": destructive to life : mortal":[],
": existing as a manifestation of life":[],
": full of life and vigor : animated":[],
": fundamentally concerned with or affecting life or living beings: such as":[],
": of the utmost importance":[
"a vital clue",
"vital resources"
],
": of, relating to, or constituting the staining of living tissues":[],
": recording data relating to lives":[],
": tending to renew or refresh the living : invigorating":[]
},
"examples":[
"These matters are vital to national defense.",
"The sciences are a vital part of the school curriculum.",
"your heart, lungs, and other vital organs",
"Exercise keeps her young and vital .",
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"For all the benefits created by the groundbreaking civil rights legislation, which became the law of the land on June 23, 1972, the next chapter in the evolution of equity is vital , as well. \u2014 oregonlive , 23 June 2022",
"These cultural ties are vital , and placing a certain cultural food or diet as top tier is unnecessary and untrue. \u2014 SELF , 18 June 2022",
"Experts say helping small-scale growers weather the crisis will be vital to ward off a global food crisis, with some calling for a major rethink about social inequalities in farming and the sustainability of mineral and chemical-based fertilizers. \u2014 The Christian Science Monitor , 17 June 2022",
"In a state and city with high suicide rates, this work is vital . \u2014 Anchorage Daily News , 15 June 2022",
"While Green\u2019s success on the mound was vital on Friday, Tecumseh\u2019s three-run first inning set the tone. \u2014 Gabby Hajduk, The Indianapolis Star , 11 June 2022",
"Over the last several years as the business case around disability is being amplified, the role of the disabled entrepreneur is becoming more vital than ever. \u2014 Jonathan Kaufman, Forbes , 10 June 2022",
"The Tony ceremony\u2019s marketing function as a glitzy means of raising public awareness of what\u2019s onstage and visibility for shows that may be slumping at the box office has seldom been more vital than now. \u2014 Globe Staff, BostonGlobe.com , 9 June 2022",
"Movement is more vital to our health and well-being than any other factor besides good nutrition. \u2014 Men's Health , 17 May 2022"
],
"first_known_use":{
"14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 2b":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"Middle English, from Latin vitalis of life, from vita life; akin to Latin vivere to live \u2014 more at quick entry 1":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8v\u012b-t\u1d4al",
"\u02c8v\u012bt-\u1d4al"
],
"synonym_discussion":"Choose the Right Synonym for vital essential , fundamental , vital , cardinal mean so important as to be indispensable. essential implies belonging to the very nature of a thing and therefore being incapable of removal without destroying the thing itself or its character. conflict is essential in drama fundamental applies to something that is a foundation without which an entire system or complex whole would collapse. fundamental principles of algebra vital suggests something that is necessary to a thing's continued existence or operation. cut off from vital supplies cardinal suggests something on which an outcome turns or depends. a cardinal rule in buying a home",
"synonyms":[
"dynamic",
"energetic",
"flush",
"gingery",
"lusty",
"peppy",
"red-blooded",
"robust",
"vigorous"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-062911",
"type":[
"adjective",
"adverb"
]
},
"vitals":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": essential parts":[
"Delving into its slippery ways, the blog showed the Sony malware cloaking itself within the vitals of the machine \u2026",
"\u2014 George Smith"
],
": vital signs sense 1":[
"The nurse who came in most afternoons to check his vitals and most evenings to get him ready for the night \u2026",
"\u2014 Stephen King"
],
": vital statistics sense 2a":[
"We take our drinks and pens to a table and slowly start getting to know each other. In fact, it takes all of 10 minutes to get his vitals in writing (surgeon, 33, Yale, lives uptown) \u2026",
"\u2014 Christine Fenno",
"Look past \u2026 Bryant McKinni's mind-boggling vitals (6'8\", 343) and focus on one number: 0. That's how many sacks he surrendered in his college career.",
"\u2014 ESPN The Magazine"
]
},
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Her vitals had been checked at 1 a.m., an hour after Hunter ended. \u2014 Chris Pomorski, The New Republic , 23 June 2022",
"The nurses give Raczkowski showers, check his blood pressure and vitals , and keep him company. \u2014 Michael Forster Rothbart, Scientific American , 10 June 2022",
"Blood pressure, weight, oxygen levels, activity and other vitals , as well as various practitioners\u2019 notes, must come together to provide a holistic view of the patient and their health, well-being and medical adherence. \u2014 Gideon Kimbrell, Forbes , 6 June 2022",
"The ring also includes a sleep analysis function that tracks the quality of sleep based on the vitals and time spent in each stage of sleep. \u2014 Chelsey Sanchez, Harper's BAZAAR , 26 May 2022",
"Vaught has taken criticism for her failure to catch the mistake at several points before Murphey was injected and for leaving Murphey in the care of scan technicians and not personally monitoring her vitals after giving the medication. \u2014 Mariah Timms, USA TODAY , 13 May 2022",
"This preloads navigation instructions and displays the car\u2019s location, security status and other vitals at the touch of a button when the owner is away from the vehicle. \u2014 Robert Ross, Robb Report , 12 May 2022",
"My uric acid levels along with all other vitals were in the normal range. \u2014 Philip Ellis, Men's Health , 6 May 2022",
"Moments later, his father\u2019s eyes opened again, and EMTs eventually arrived and removed his shirt to check his vitals . \u2014 Grant Sharples, SPIN , 9 May 2022"
],
"first_known_use":{
"1607, in the meaning defined at sense 1":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8v\u012b-t\u1d4alz",
"\u02c8v\u012bt-\u1d4alz"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[
"entrails",
"gut",
"innards",
"inside(s)",
"inwards",
"viscera"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220706-233915",
"type":[
"noun plural",
"plural noun"
]
},
"vitiate":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": to debase in moral or aesthetic status":[
"a mind vitiated by prejudice"
],
": to make faulty or defective : impair":[
"the comic impact is vitiated by obvious haste",
"\u2014 William Styron"
],
": to make ineffective":[
"fraud vitiates a contract"
]
},
"examples":[
"The impact of the film was vitiated by poor acting.",
"believed that luxury vitiates even the most principled person",
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"The practical effect of this opinion is to vitiate risk pools as a method for small captive insurance companies to meet the risk distribution requirements for tax purposes. \u2014 Jay Adkisson, Forbes , 13 May 2022",
"The conspiracy argument is an attempt to vitiate Eastman's attorney-client privilege defense. \u2014 Stephen Collinson, CNN , 4 Mar. 2022",
"Failure to do that can potentially vitiate or at least impair coverage. \u2014 Joshua Stein, Forbes , 9 Nov. 2021",
"The climate effects of such wanton deforestation will partially vitiate any environmental gains from the collapse in ground and air transport this spring. \u2014 Troy Vettese, The New Republic , 31 July 2020",
"They and Trump can be expected to argue that a party-line vote in the House should vitiate the stigma of impeachment. \u2014 Noah Feldman, The New York Review of Books , 19 Dec. 2019",
"By forbidding all comparison, this more expansive meaning is vitiated . \u2014 Peter E. Gordon, The New York Review of Books , 7 Jan. 2020",
"If the legitimacy of his actions is deemed vitiated by a potentially corrupt intent to impede the investigation, then his communications facilitate a crime and are not privileged. \u2014 Andrew C. Mccarthy, National Review , 17 Sep. 2019",
"Millennials have allied with Gen Z, and managed to vitiate the meme in the process by, basically, overdoing it. \u2014 Molly Roberts, The Denver Post , 7 Nov. 2019"
],
"first_known_use":{
"1534, in the meaning defined at sense 1":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"Latin vitiatus , past participle of vitiare , from vitium fault, vice":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8vi-sh\u0113-\u02cc\u0101t"
],
"synonym_discussion":"Choose the Right Synonym for vitiate debase , vitiate , deprave , corrupt , debauch , pervert mean to cause deterioration or lowering in quality or character. debase implies a loss of position, worth, value, or dignity. commercialism has debased the holiday vitiate implies a destruction of purity, validity, or effectiveness by allowing entrance of a fault or defect. a foreign policy vitiated by partisanship deprave implies moral deterioration by evil thoughts or influences. the claim that society is depraved by pornography corrupt implies loss of soundness, purity, or integrity. the belief that bureaucratese corrupts the language debauch implies a debasing through sensual indulgence. the long stay on a tropical isle had debauched the ship's crew pervert implies a twisting or distorting from what is natural or normal. perverted the original goals of the institute",
"synonyms":[
"blemish",
"darken",
"mar",
"poison",
"spoil",
"stain",
"taint",
"tarnish",
"touch"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220706-184657",
"type":[
"noun",
"transitive verb",
"verb"
]
},
"vitriol":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": bitterly harsh or caustic language or criticism":[
"political commentators spewing angry vitriol",
"Rumor has always played a role in politics, but rarely have the backstage operatives been so adroit, and so cynical, in their use of vitriol .",
"\u2014 Walter Shapiro",
"Cascades of multisyllabic vitriol engulf us as Conrad communicates his utter loathing of television \u2026",
"\u2014 Stanley Marcus"
],
": oil of vitriol":[]
},
"examples":[
"His speech was full of political vitriol .",
"a film critic noted for the vitriol and sometimes outright cruelty of his pronouncements",
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Vitriol toward Hathaway seems to stem from the same source as vitriol toward Katherine Heigl and, to some degree, Jennifer Lawrence. \u2014 Jenny Singer, Glamour , 24 May 2022",
"Roice\u2019s lawyers, the post led to a wave of threats and vitriol from Baldwin\u2019s followers. \u2014 Nancy Dillon, Rolling Stone , 5 May 2022",
"The UConn administration did not deign to participate in the ensuing debate, despite the growing escalation and vitriol . \u2014 Aron Ravin, National Review , 3 Apr. 2022",
"Swensen fears the vitriol and harassment can dissuade the next generation of public servants from participating in local government. \u2014 Kim Boj\u00f3rquez, The Salt Lake Tribune , 10 Mar. 2022",
"The anger and vitriol directed at the teenagers was condemned around the world, and set off a new chapter in the Civil Rights movement. \u2014 Kayla Stewart, Travel + Leisure , 13 Jan. 2022",
"With all the vitriol and with all the hyperbole, there is a very strong impulse for people to live together. \u2014 Erika Page, The Christian Science Monitor , 6 Jan. 2022",
"This year, another question arose: Would the anti-L.G.B.T.Q. vitriol that has surrounded Disney in recent months spill over to Gay Days",
"The misogyny of fandom has produced toxic results before, and what is a woman \u2013 particularly one who may be the victim of emotional or physical abuse \u2013 supposed to take away from the vitriol this trial has unleashed"
],
"first_known_use":{
"14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 2a":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"Middle English, from Anglo-French vitriole , from Medieval Latin vitriolum , alteration of Late Latin vitreolum , neuter of vitreolus glassy, from Latin vitreus vitreous":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8vi-tr\u0113-\u0259l"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[
"acidity",
"acidness",
"acridity",
"acridness",
"acrimony",
"asperity",
"bile",
"bitterness",
"cattiness",
"corrosiveness",
"mordancy",
"tartness",
"virulence",
"virulency"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220706-201206",
"type":[
"adjective",
"noun"
]
},
"vitriolic":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": bitterly harsh or caustic language or criticism":[
"political commentators spewing angry vitriol",
"Rumor has always played a role in politics, but rarely have the backstage operatives been so adroit, and so cynical, in their use of vitriol .",
"\u2014 Walter Shapiro",
"Cascades of multisyllabic vitriol engulf us as Conrad communicates his utter loathing of television \u2026",
"\u2014 Stanley Marcus"
],
": oil of vitriol":[]
},
"examples":[
"His speech was full of political vitriol .",
"a film critic noted for the vitriol and sometimes outright cruelty of his pronouncements",
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Vitriol toward Hathaway seems to stem from the same source as vitriol toward Katherine Heigl and, to some degree, Jennifer Lawrence. \u2014 Jenny Singer, Glamour , 24 May 2022",
"Roice\u2019s lawyers, the post led to a wave of threats and vitriol from Baldwin\u2019s followers. \u2014 Nancy Dillon, Rolling Stone , 5 May 2022",
"The UConn administration did not deign to participate in the ensuing debate, despite the growing escalation and vitriol . \u2014 Aron Ravin, National Review , 3 Apr. 2022",
"Swensen fears the vitriol and harassment can dissuade the next generation of public servants from participating in local government. \u2014 Kim Boj\u00f3rquez, The Salt Lake Tribune , 10 Mar. 2022",
"The anger and vitriol directed at the teenagers was condemned around the world, and set off a new chapter in the Civil Rights movement. \u2014 Kayla Stewart, Travel + Leisure , 13 Jan. 2022",
"With all the vitriol and with all the hyperbole, there is a very strong impulse for people to live together. \u2014 Erika Page, The Christian Science Monitor , 6 Jan. 2022",
"This year, another question arose: Would the anti-L.G.B.T.Q. vitriol that has surrounded Disney in recent months spill over to Gay Days",
"The misogyny of fandom has produced toxic results before, and what is a woman \u2013 particularly one who may be the victim of emotional or physical abuse \u2013 supposed to take away from the vitriol this trial has unleashed"
],
"first_known_use":{
"14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 2a":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"Middle English, from Anglo-French vitriole , from Medieval Latin vitriolum , alteration of Late Latin vitreolum , neuter of vitreolus glassy, from Latin vitreus vitreous":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8vi-tr\u0113-\u0259l"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[
"acidity",
"acidness",
"acridity",
"acridness",
"acrimony",
"asperity",
"bile",
"bitterness",
"cattiness",
"corrosiveness",
"mordancy",
"tartness",
"virulence",
"virulency"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-060519",
"type":[
"adjective",
"noun"
]
},
"vittles":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": supplies of food : victuals":[
"\u2014 now chiefly used playfully to evoke the supposed language of cowboys The vendors sold souvenirs and knickknacks and all manner of local vittles . \u2014 Frank Deford \u2026 Taco Cabana of San Antonio makes sure its vittles are the freshest Tex-Mex north of the Rio Grande. \u2014 Richard S. Teitelbaum My mother turned an icy stare on her, leaving my father to try to make amends. \"All you kids have to stay for dinner. Leo and I'll rustle up some vittles .\" \" Vittles "
]
},
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Out the cabin window is a field, among many in the area, where the spring waterfowl migration stops for vittles . \u2014 Steve Meyer, Anchorage Daily News , 30 Apr. 2022",
"At Circle in the Square on Broadway, this was an immersive experience: the in-the-round audience was fed vittles and all. \u2014 Chris Jones, chicagotribune.com , 13 Jan. 2022",
"The gory Spanish satire imagines a tower-esque prison where the incarcerated are fed via a platform filled with high-end vittles , and prisoners on lower levels have to eat the scraps from those above them. \u2014 Bill Keveney, USA TODAY , 10 Aug. 2021",
"There's a caterer's kitchen with its own entrance, and a dumbwaiter for the vittles and drinks. \u2014 Rohan Preston Star Tribune, Star Tribune , 11 Dec. 2020",
"But viral and bacterial genetic material didn\u2019t always track together, Brown said, hinting that some protists might have skipped the middleman and gone straight for the viral vittles . \u2014 Katherine J. Wu New York Times, Star Tribune , 24 Sep. 2020"
],
"first_known_use":{
"14th century, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8vi-t\u1d4alz"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[
"bread",
"chow",
"chuck",
"comestibles",
"eatables",
"eats",
"edibles",
"fare",
"food",
"foodstuffs",
"grub",
"meat",
"provender",
"provisions",
"table",
"tucker",
"viands",
"victuals"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-023213",
"type":[
"plural noun"
]
},
"vituperate":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": to abuse or censure severely or abusively : berate":[],
": to use harsh condemnatory language":[]
},
"examples":[
"every week the minister would ascend the pulpit and vituperate the parishioners for a litany of vices"
],
"first_known_use":{
"1542, in the meaning defined at transitive sense":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"Latin vituperatus , past participle of vituperare , from vitium fault + parare to make, prepare \u2014 more at pare":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"-\u02c8ty\u00fc-",
"v\u012b-\u02c8t\u00fc-p\u0259-\u02ccr\u0101t",
"v\u0259-"
],
"synonym_discussion":"Choose the Right Synonym for vituperate scold , upbraid , berate , rail , revile , vituperate mean to reproach angrily and abusively. scold implies rebuking in irritation or ill temper justly or unjustly. angrily scolding the children upbraid implies censuring on definite and usually justifiable grounds. upbraided her assistants for poor research berate suggests prolonged and often abusive scolding. berated continually by an overbearing boss rail ( at or against ) stresses an unrestrained berating. railed loudly at their insolence revile implies a scurrilous, abusive attack prompted by anger or hatred. an alleged killer reviled in the press vituperate suggests a violent reviling. was vituperated for betraying his friends",
"synonyms":[
"abuse",
"assail",
"attack",
"bash",
"belabor",
"blast",
"castigate",
"excoriate",
"jump (on)",
"lambaste",
"lambast",
"potshot",
"savage",
"scathe",
"slam",
"trash"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-001323",
"type":[
"noun",
"verb"
]
},
"vituperation":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": an act or instance of vituperating":[],
": sustained and bitter railing and condemnation : vituperative utterance":[]
},
"examples":[
"their vituperation against the president",
"Voters are tired of all the vituperation in this campaign.",
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"What had whipped these imperious creative artists into a frenzy of dismissive vituperation was, in fact, something that most people have strong ideas about, nobody can define, and virtually everyone (besides that trio) seems to want: good taste. \u2014 Daniel Mendelsohn, Town & Country , 20 Sep. 2021",
"Metaphorically likening Charlottesville to a rapist is a baseless vituperation against Charlottesville\u2019s character, even more outlandish when the mayor herself is the vituperator. \u2014 George Messenger, National Review , 30 Mar. 2021",
"Unflinchingly conservative, wildly partisan, bombastically self-promoting and larger than life, Limbaugh galvanized listeners for more than 30 years with his talent for vituperation and sarcasm. \u2014 Matt Sedensky, Star Tribune , 17 Feb. 2021",
"Unflinchingly conservative, wildly partisan, bombastically self-promoting, and larger than life, Mr. Limbaugh galvanized listeners for more than 30 years with his talent for vituperation and sarcasm. \u2014 Matt Sedensky, The Christian Science Monitor , 17 Feb. 2021",
"Americans rejected the radical vituperation proselytized on the fringes and chose the optimistic tradition of social justice associated with Pope John XXIII. \u2014 Rahm Emanuel, WSJ , 28 Dec. 2020",
"Four years later, in a contest marked by grotesque vituperation , Jefferson beat Adams. \u2014 Richard Brookhiser, New York Times , 31 Oct. 2017",
"Mr Hapilon may have presumed that the army would flinch at the prospect of urban warfare, and that Mr Duterte\u2019s frequent vituperation of America meant that American forces would fail to support their Filipino allies. \u2014 The Economist , 17 Oct. 2017",
"Accordingly, Puerto Ricans experienced many of the same denigrating conditions familiar to African Americans: housing segregation, inferior schools, job discrimination, media vituperation and everyday violence. \u2014 Frances Negr\u00f3n-muntaner, The Root , 12 Oct. 2017"
],
"first_known_use":{
"15th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{},
"pronounciation":[
"v\u0259-",
"-\u02c8ty\u00fc-",
"(\u02cc)v\u012b-\u02cct\u00fc-p\u0259-\u02c8r\u0101-sh\u0259n"
],
"synonym_discussion":"Choose the Right Synonym for vituperation abuse , vituperation , invective , obloquy , billingsgate mean vehemently expressed condemnation or disapproval. abuse , the most general term, usually implies the anger of the speaker and stresses the harshness of the language. scathing verbal abuse vituperation implies fluent and sustained abuse. a torrent of vituperation invective implies a comparable vehemence but suggests greater verbal and rhetorical skill and may apply to a public denunciation. blistering political invective obloquy suggests defamation and consequent shame and disgrace. subjected to obloquy and derision billingsgate implies practiced fluency and variety of profane or obscene abuse. directed a stream of billingsgate at the cabdriver",
"synonyms":[
"abuse",
"billingsgate",
"fulmination",
"invective",
"obloquy",
"scurrility",
"vitriol"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-095526",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"vituperative":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": uttering or given to censure : containing or characterized by verbal abuse":[]
},
"examples":[
"the type of provocative magazine article that is guaranteed to engender vituperative threats of subscription cancellations",
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Fewer panels with vituperative and partisan guests. \u2014 Andy Meek, Forbes , 5 June 2022",
"His emails contained vile, vicious and vituperative language, which gushed from the decadence embedded in his heart. \u2014 Los Angeles Times , 16 Oct. 2021",
"Even so, Biden should be able to push through some measures that garner bipartisan support, such as another round of stimulus payments, an infrastructure bill, and a less vituperative trade policy. \u2014 Tom Keane, BostonGlobe.com , 18 Jan. 2021",
"One of Temur\u2019s texts, read aloud during cross-examination, stood out as especially vituperative , not to mention anatomically impossible. \u2014 New York Times , 5 Jan. 2021",
"Daphne vilified him, for this and other fumbles, in an increasingly vituperative tone. \u2014 Ben Taub, The New Yorker , 14 Dec. 2020",
"Kicking off a midcareer surge, Streep brings a thrilling, fierce originality to her vituperative fashion guru. \u2014 Chris Hewitt, Star Tribune , 8 Dec. 2020",
"The most notable thing about Cruz\u2019s bromide was not its vituperative tone, but the fact that it was directed at Dorsey and not the other two CEOs called to testify, Mark Zuckerberg and Sundar Pichai. \u2014 Gilad Edelman, Wired , 28 Oct. 2020",
"By definition, presidential campaigns are anxious affairs, often defined by vituperative rhetoric and high-volume antics. \u2014 Paul Schwartzman, Washington Post , 26 Oct. 2020"
],
"first_known_use":{
"1727, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{},
"pronounciation":[
"-p\u0259-\u02ccr\u0101-",
"v\u012b-\u02c8t\u00fc-p(\u0259-)r\u0259-tiv"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[
"abusive",
"contumelious",
"invective",
"opprobrious",
"scurrile",
"scurril",
"scurrilous",
"truculent",
"vitriolic",
"vituperatory"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-042127",
"type":[
"adjective",
"adverb"
]
},
"vituperatory":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": vituperative":[]
},
"examples":[
"the kind of vituperatory speeches that are designed to rouse the rank-and-file at political conventions"
],
"first_known_use":{
"1586, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{},
"pronounciation":[
"v\u012b-\u02c8t\u00fc-p(\u0259-)r\u0259-\u02cct\u022fr-\u0113"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[
"abusive",
"contumelious",
"invective",
"opprobrious",
"scurrile",
"scurril",
"scurrilous",
"truculent",
"vitriolic",
"vituperative"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-073806",
"type":[
"adjective"
]
},
"vitamin B complex":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": a group of water-soluble vitamins that are found especially in yeast, seed germs, eggs, liver and flesh, and vegetables and that have varied metabolic functions and include coenzymes and growth factors":[
"\u2014 compare biotin , niacin , pantothenic acid , riboflavin"
]
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{
"1928, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220708-155321"
},
"vitamin C":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": a water-soluble vitamin C 6 H 8 O 6 found in plants and especially in fruits and leafy vegetables or made synthetically and used in the prevention and treatment of scurvy and as an antioxidant for foods":[]
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Even more potent than vitamin C , using this serum daily might make foundation irrelevant in your routine. \u2014 ELLE , 23 June 2022",
"Wnek also regularly weighs in on the benefits of skincare ingredients like vitamin C , retinol and niacinamide. \u2014 Catharine Malzahn, Good Housekeeping , 6 June 2022",
"The set includes a daily cleanser, vitamin C serum and one of three moisturizers (either the oil-free hyaluronic gel cream, the lightweight cocoshea revitalizing cream or the organic facial shea butter). \u2014 Nicole Charky-chami, The Hollywood Reporter , 31 May 2022",
"Other micronutrients\u2014like vitamin C , vitamin B6, and vitamin E, among others\u2014have also been associated with better immune health. \u2014 Sarah Garone, Health.com , 7 Mar. 2022",
"Citrus fruit lovers will also benefit from an abundance of immunity-boosting properties like vitamin C and flavonoid antioxidants to stave off winter colds. \u2014 Joey Skladany, Better Homes & Gardens , 3 Dec. 2021",
"Along with being rich in fiber, they are loaded with antioxidants and nutrients like vitamin C and iron and can aid with digestion and liver function. \u2014 Tribune News Service, cleveland , 22 Mar. 2021",
"The banana also contains 3 grams of fiber, 17% of your vitamin daily vitamin C needs, 20% of your daily vitamin B6 needs and 8% of your daily magnesium needs. \u2014 Bethany Thayer, Detroit Free Press , 11 June 2022",
"This antioxidant-rich energy drink comes in at just under 40 calories and 6 grams of sugar, but packs in 140% of your daily vitamin C needs. \u2014 Stefani Sassos, Ms, Rdn, Cso, Cdn, Nasm-cpt, Good Housekeeping , 10 June 2022"
],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{
"circa 1920, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220708-192922"
},
"vitamin B6":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": pyridoxine or a closely related compound found widely in combined form and considered essential to vertebrate nutrition":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"-\u02c8b\u0113-\u02c8siks"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Aloe extract, vitamin E, vitamin B3 and vitamin B6 cleanse your hair of impurities like oil, dirt and dead skin cells without over-drying. \u2014 Grooming Playbook, The Salt Lake Tribune , 23 May 2022",
"Its signature ingredient is ZMA, which is a combination of zinc (monomethionine and aspartate), magnesium aspartate, and vitamin B6 . \u2014 Sophie Saint Thomas, Forbes , 7 May 2022",
"The key ingredients include shea butter, argan oil, and vitamin B6 . \u2014 Grooming Playbook, The Salt Lake Tribune , 6 Apr. 2022",
"Other micronutrients\u2014like vitamin C, vitamin B6 , and vitamin E, among others\u2014have also been associated with better immune health. \u2014 Sarah Garone, Health.com , 7 Mar. 2022",
"Instead the thick cream\u2014meant to be used a few times a week as the very last step in your routine\u2014uses a mix of bioactive marine ingredients and skin-care staples like hyaluronic acid and vitamin B6 to deeply and quickly repair the skin barrier. \u2014 Bella Cacciatore, Glamour , 14 Feb. 2022",
"There's urea, which is both a humectant and an emollient, vitamin B6 , which promotes healthy oil production, hyaluronic acid, and sodium DNA. \u2014 Megan Decker, refinery29.com , 9 Feb. 2022",
"The fiber in whole grains can also help keep you full and includes vitamins and minerals like vitamin B6 , magnesium, iron and zinc. \u2014 Bethany Thayer, Detroit Free Press , 7 Nov. 2021",
"This recipe gets its protein from canned beans, with sweet potato adding the vitamin C and vitamin B6 that could help scare away winter colds. \u2014 Tribune News Service, cleveland , 16 Nov. 2021"
],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{
"1934, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220708-203205"
},
"vitalism":{
"type":[
"adjective",
"noun",
"noun or adjective"
],
"definitions":{
": a doctrine that the functions of a living organism are due to a vital principle distinct from physicochemical forces":[],
": a doctrine that the processes of life are not explicable by the laws of physics and chemistry alone and that life is in some part self-determining":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8v\u012b-t\u0259-\u02ccli-z\u0259m",
"\u02c8v\u012bt-\u1d4al-\u02cciz-\u0259m"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"During that Algiers Motel purgatory, the Motown vitalism (and its implied orgiastic decadence) is interrupted by a John Coltrane jazz record. \u2014 Armond White, National Review , 4 Aug. 2017"
],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{
"1822, in the meaning defined at sense 1":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220708-203707"
},
"vitelline membrane":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": a membrane enclosing an egg that comprises the zona pellucida in mammals and that upon fertilization splits off from the surface of the egg forming a fertilization membrane in many invertebrates and amphibians and in some fish":[]
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{
"1845, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-000915"
},
"vitellogene":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": vitellarium":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"v\u0259\u0307\u02c8t-",
"v\u012b\u02c8tel\u0259\u02ccj\u0113n"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"vitell- + -gen":""
},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-003255"
},
"vitellogenesis":{
"type":[
"adjective",
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": yolk formation":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"v\u012b-\u02ccte-l\u014d-\u02c8je-n\u0259-s\u0259s",
"v\u012b-\u02cctel-\u014d-\u02c8jen-\u0259-s\u0259s, v\u0259-",
"v\u0259-"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"New Latin, from Latin vitellus + New Latin -o- + genesis":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"1947, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-012648"
},
"vitamin b12":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": a complex cobalt-containing compound C 63 H 88 CoN 14 O 14 P that occurs especially in liver, is essential to normal blood formation, neural function, and growth, and is used especially in treating pernicious and related anemias and in animal feed as a growth factor":[],
": any of several compounds similar to vitamin B 12 in action but having different chemistry":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"-\u02c8b\u0113-\u02c8twelv"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Fifteen percent of the population are deficient in vitamin B12 , for example, particularly those who practice a vegan or vegetarian diet. \u2014 Dr. Michael Daignault, USA TODAY , 30 June 2022",
"These surprisingly tasty gummies also contain vitamin B12 to help increase immune system function and energy levels. \u2014 The Salt Lake Tribune , 17 June 2022",
"These gummies also contain vitamin B12 and L-theanine for smooth energy enhancement without a harsh comedown later. \u2014 The Salt Lake Tribune , 17 June 2022",
"High folic acid levels also can cause problems in people with vitamin B12 deficiency. \u2014 Dr. Keith Roach, oregonlive , 22 Mar. 2022",
"Goat milk is low in iron and vitamin B12 , which helps form red blood cells, according to Dr. Ann Kellams, a pediatrician at UVA Health. \u2014 Sudiksha Kochi, USA TODAY , 20 May 2022",
"And nutritional yeast, dairy products and cereals are some vitamin B12 sources. \u2014 Kristen Rogers, CNN , 2 May 2022",
"Their work shows that combining data such as vegetation cover, weather and water presence can suggest where populations will lack iron, vitamin B12 or vitamin A. \u2014 Rachel Berkowitz, Scientific American , 19 May 2022",
"Some experts also suggest a daily vitamin B12 supplement may help, per Cleveland Clinic. \u2014 Serena Coady, SELF , 3 May 2022"
],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{
"1948, in the meaning defined at sense 1":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-024439"
},
"vitamin D":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": any or all of several fat-soluble vitamins chemically related to steroids, essential for normal bone and tooth structure, and found especially in fish-liver oils, egg yolk, and milk or produced by activation (as by ultraviolet irradiation) of sterols: such as":[],
": calciferol":[],
": cholecalciferol":[]
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"There weren\u2019t any significant differences between vegetarian and non-vegetarian children regarding standard BMI, height, serum ferritin levels and vitamin D levels. \u2014 Kristen Rogers, CNN , 2 May 2022",
"These include calcium, magnesium, vitamin E, vitamin D , several B vitamins, vitamin A, vitamin K, potassium, iodine, selenium, borate, zinc, manganese, molybdenum, beta-carotene, and iron. \u2014 Allure , 25 Apr. 2022",
"These vegan vitamins are fortified with vitamin D , vitamin B12, iodine, folic acid, and biotin, so your strands will be hydrated and nourished for improved health. \u2014 ELLE , 30 Apr. 2022",
"Eggs contain the highest biological value of protein along with disease-fighting nutrients such as vitamin D , choline and lutein. \u2014 Bethany Thayer, Detroit Free Press , 16 Apr. 2022",
"Mushrooms can also be a source of vitamin D when treated with UVB light or wild grown, according to the researchers. \u2014 Katie Hunt, CNN , 23 May 2022",
"Some good foods with vitamin D include: Vitamin K is essential for increasing bone mineral density \u2014 especially for those who are osteoporotic \u2014 and can reduce fracture rates. \u2014 Ebony Williams, ajc , 3 May 2022",
"Those three ounces of mushrooms led to only a 1% increase in overall calories, but an 8-12% increase in potassium, a 12-18% jump in riboflavin (B2), and a 67-90% rise in vitamin D across the different diets' nutritional composition. \u2014 Cynthia Sass, Mph, Health.com , 31 Jan. 2022",
"Raber also likes to recommend including dairy (whenever possible) for those important bone health nutrients, like vitamin D and calcium. \u2014 Eleesha Lockett, SELF , 4 Apr. 2022"
],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{
"circa 1921, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-030539"
},
"vitamin E":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Thanks to an impressive 22% zinc oxide along with vitamin E and bisabolol, this stick provides broad spectrum sun protection as well as all-day hydration to the skin. \u2014 Catharine Malzahn, Good Housekeeping , 24 June 2022",
"Here's an Amazon's Choice recipient and editor-favorite pencil that's made in Japan, and contains a blend of moisturizing ingredients like vitamin E , squalane and jojoba for a smooth application. \u2014 Harper's Bazaar Staff, Harper's BAZAAR , 3 June 2022",
"Formulated with vitamin E and green tea, the powder is both nourishing and soothing to the skin. \u2014 Olivia O'bryon, Forbes , 2 June 2022",
"Almonds are rich in vitamin E , a potent anti-inflammatory agent. \u2014 Grooming Playbook, The Salt Lake Tribune , 2 June 2022",
"Ingredients including vitamin E , shea butter, and bisabolol helps improve the look of uneven texture and tone. \u2014 Cristina Montemayor, Men's Health , 31 May 2022",
"Enriched with vitamin E and a host of Omega 3,6,9 fatty acids, castor oil also provides additional support to compromised hair by strengthening, conditioning, and nourishing elasticity, bounce, and shine. \u2014 Jasmine Washington, Seventeen , 27 May 2022",
"Sunscreen SPF 50 has a portfolio of skin-nourishing ingredients like anti-inflammatory vitamin E and soothing white grape extract. \u2014 Angela Trakoshis, Allure , 23 May 2022",
"The powder formula is filled with vitamin E and squalane, which, when applied topically, tact as a barrier, softening the skin and sealing in moisture. \u2014 Kayla Hui, Health.com , 21 Jan. 2022"
],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{
"1925, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-050056"
},
"vitellogenin":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": a precursor protein of egg yolk normally in the blood or hemolymph only of females that is used as a biomarker in vertebrates of exposure to environmental estrogens which stimulate elevated levels in males as well as females":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"v\u012b-\u02ccte-l\u014d-\u02c8je-n\u0259n"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Researchers found high levels of vitellogenin \u2014a protein involved in producing egg yolk\u2014in many smallmouth bass. \u2014 National Geographic , 3 Feb. 2016"
],
"history_and_etymology":{
"probably from vitellogen esis + -in entry 1":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"1969, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-051002"
},
"vitamin B{inf}12{/inf}":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": a complex cobalt-containing compound C 63 H 88 CoN 14 O 14 P that occurs especially in liver, is essential to normal blood formation, neural function, and growth, and is used especially in treating pernicious and related anemias and in animal feed as a growth factor":[],
": any of several compounds similar to vitamin B 12 in action but having different chemistry":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"-\u02c8b\u0113-\u02c8twelv"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Fifteen percent of the population are deficient in vitamin B12 , for example, particularly those who practice a vegan or vegetarian diet. \u2014 Dr. Michael Daignault, USA TODAY , 30 June 2022",
"These surprisingly tasty gummies also contain vitamin B12 to help increase immune system function and energy levels. \u2014 The Salt Lake Tribune , 17 June 2022",
"These gummies also contain vitamin B12 and L-theanine for smooth energy enhancement without a harsh comedown later. \u2014 The Salt Lake Tribune , 17 June 2022",
"High folic acid levels also can cause problems in people with vitamin B12 deficiency. \u2014 Dr. Keith Roach, oregonlive , 22 Mar. 2022",
"Goat milk is low in iron and vitamin B12 , which helps form red blood cells, according to Dr. Ann Kellams, a pediatrician at UVA Health. \u2014 Sudiksha Kochi, USA TODAY , 20 May 2022",
"And nutritional yeast, dairy products and cereals are some vitamin B12 sources. \u2014 Kristen Rogers, CNN , 2 May 2022",
"Their work shows that combining data such as vegetation cover, weather and water presence can suggest where populations will lack iron, vitamin B12 or vitamin A. \u2014 Rachel Berkowitz, Scientific American , 19 May 2022",
"Some experts also suggest a daily vitamin B12 supplement may help, per Cleveland Clinic. \u2014 Serena Coady, SELF , 3 May 2022"
],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{
"1948, in the meaning defined at sense 1":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-065958"
},
"vitelline gland":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": vitellarium":[]
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-121053"
},
"vitamined":{
"type":[
"adjective"
],
"definitions":{},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"vitamin + -ed":""
},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-151823"
},
"vitamin B2":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": riboflavin":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"-\u02c8b\u0113-\u02c8t\u00fc"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Similarly, multivitamins typically contain riboflavin, or vitamin B2 , which causes your urine to turn bright yellow when it is cleared. \u2014 Tom Anchordoquy, The Conversation , 17 June 2022",
"Some studies have shown that regularly taking vitamin B2 supplements might help stave off migraines in some people. \u2014 Lisa Bain, Good Housekeeping , 23 July 2021",
"And more than a few beauty insiders swear by Grown Alchemist's Hair Complex, an organic hair-growth supplement that also contains follicle-feeding silica, along with repairing riboflavin and vitamin B2 . \u2014 Lauren Valenti, Vogue , 1 June 2021",
"Nutritional deficiencies in vitamins B2 , B12, and B6 can be part of the problem, Dr. Ilyas says. \u2014 Shanon Maglente, Good Housekeeping , 16 Mar. 2020",
"Almonds are especially high in vitamin B2 , which helps produce anti-stress hormones, and have tons of magnesium, which supports a relaxed mind and body and promote nervous-system health. \u2014 Kimberly Wilson, Essence , 2 May 2020",
"Other chlorophyll supplements should be explored as well as vitamin B2 . \u2014 Annie Lane, oregonlive , 21 Mar. 2020",
"But the authors also concluded that, apart from vitamin B2 , levels of these vitamins were so low to begin with that milk wasn\u2019t an important dietary source of them. \u2014 Vitti Allender, Quartz , 13 Oct. 2019",
"And this nutrient-dense veggie is also loaded with riboflavin, ( vitamin B2 ), which studies have found could reduce a woman's risk of developing PMS by 35%. 4. \u2014 Amy Capetta, Woman's Day , 19 June 2015"
],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{
"1928, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-154715"
},
"vitamin H":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": biotin":[]
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Biotin is a common name for vitamin B7 or vitamin H and is required to produce the hair protein keratin. \u2014 Sydney Poe, chicagotribune.com , 4 Mar. 2021"
],
"history_and_etymology":{
"German H aut skin":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"circa 1935, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-190209"
},
"vitamin B12":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": a complex cobalt-containing compound C 63 H 88 CoN 14 O 14 P that occurs especially in liver, is essential to normal blood formation, neural function, and growth, and is used especially in treating pernicious and related anemias and in animal feed as a growth factor":[],
": any of several compounds similar to vitamin B 12 in action but having different chemistry":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"-\u02c8b\u0113-\u02c8twelv"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Fifteen percent of the population are deficient in vitamin B12 , for example, particularly those who practice a vegan or vegetarian diet. \u2014 Dr. Michael Daignault, USA TODAY , 30 June 2022",
"These surprisingly tasty gummies also contain vitamin B12 to help increase immune system function and energy levels. \u2014 The Salt Lake Tribune , 17 June 2022",
"These gummies also contain vitamin B12 and L-theanine for smooth energy enhancement without a harsh comedown later. \u2014 The Salt Lake Tribune , 17 June 2022",
"High folic acid levels also can cause problems in people with vitamin B12 deficiency. \u2014 Dr. Keith Roach, oregonlive , 22 Mar. 2022",
"Goat milk is low in iron and vitamin B12 , which helps form red blood cells, according to Dr. Ann Kellams, a pediatrician at UVA Health. \u2014 Sudiksha Kochi, USA TODAY , 20 May 2022",
"And nutritional yeast, dairy products and cereals are some vitamin B12 sources. \u2014 Kristen Rogers, CNN , 2 May 2022",
"Their work shows that combining data such as vegetation cover, weather and water presence can suggest where populations will lack iron, vitamin B12 or vitamin A. \u2014 Rachel Berkowitz, Scientific American , 19 May 2022",
"Some experts also suggest a daily vitamin B12 supplement may help, per Cleveland Clinic. \u2014 Serena Coady, SELF , 3 May 2022"
],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{
"1948, in the meaning defined at sense 1":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-190842"
},
"vitellogenous":{
"type":[
"adjective"
],
"definitions":{
": vitelligenous":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u00a6v\u012bt\u1d4al\u00a6\u00e4j\u0259n\u0259s",
"\u00a6vit-"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"vitell- + -genous":""
},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-194345"
},
"vitriols":{
"type":[
"adjective",
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": bitterly harsh or caustic language or criticism":[
"political commentators spewing angry vitriol",
"Rumor has always played a role in politics, but rarely have the backstage operatives been so adroit, and so cynical, in their use of vitriol .",
"\u2014 Walter Shapiro",
"Cascades of multisyllabic vitriol engulf us as Conrad communicates his utter loathing of television \u2026",
"\u2014 Stanley Marcus"
],
": oil of vitriol":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8vi-tr\u0113-\u0259l"
],
"synonyms":[
"acidity",
"acidness",
"acridity",
"acridness",
"acrimony",
"asperity",
"bile",
"bitterness",
"cattiness",
"corrosiveness",
"mordancy",
"tartness",
"virulence",
"virulency"
],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"His speech was full of political vitriol .",
"a film critic noted for the vitriol and sometimes outright cruelty of his pronouncements",
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Vitriol toward Hathaway seems to stem from the same source as vitriol toward Katherine Heigl and, to some degree, Jennifer Lawrence. \u2014 Jenny Singer, Glamour , 24 May 2022",
"Roice\u2019s lawyers, the post led to a wave of threats and vitriol from Baldwin\u2019s followers. \u2014 Nancy Dillon, Rolling Stone , 5 May 2022",
"The UConn administration did not deign to participate in the ensuing debate, despite the growing escalation and vitriol . \u2014 Aron Ravin, National Review , 3 Apr. 2022",
"Swensen fears the vitriol and harassment can dissuade the next generation of public servants from participating in local government. \u2014 Kim Boj\u00f3rquez, The Salt Lake Tribune , 10 Mar. 2022",
"The anger and vitriol directed at the teenagers was condemned around the world, and set off a new chapter in the Civil Rights movement. \u2014 Kayla Stewart, Travel + Leisure , 13 Jan. 2022",
"With all the vitriol and with all the hyperbole, there is a very strong impulse for people to live together. \u2014 Erika Page, The Christian Science Monitor , 6 Jan. 2022",
"This year, another question arose: Would the anti-L.G.B.T.Q. vitriol that has surrounded Disney in recent months spill over to Gay Days",
"The misogyny of fandom has produced toxic results before, and what is a woman \u2013 particularly one who may be the victim of emotional or physical abuse \u2013 supposed to take away from the vitriol this trial has unleashed"
],
"history_and_etymology":{
"Middle English, from Anglo-French vitriole , from Medieval Latin vitriolum , alteration of Late Latin vitreolum , neuter of vitreolus glassy, from Latin vitreus vitreous":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 2a":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-210409"
},
"vitamin B{inf}6{/inf}":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": pyridoxine or a closely related compound found widely in combined form and considered essential to vertebrate nutrition":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"-\u02c8b\u0113-\u02c8siks"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"The banana also contains 3 grams of fiber, 17% of your vitamin daily vitamin C needs, 20% of your daily vitamin B6 needs and 8% of your daily magnesium needs. \u2014 Bethany Thayer, Detroit Free Press , 11 June 2022",
"Aloe extract, vitamin E, vitamin B3 and vitamin B6 cleanse your hair of impurities like oil, dirt and dead skin cells without over-drying. \u2014 Grooming Playbook, The Salt Lake Tribune , 23 May 2022",
"Its signature ingredient is ZMA, which is a combination of zinc (monomethionine and aspartate), magnesium aspartate, and vitamin B6 . \u2014 Sophie Saint Thomas, Forbes , 7 May 2022",
"The key ingredients include shea butter, argan oil, and vitamin B6 . \u2014 Grooming Playbook, The Salt Lake Tribune , 6 Apr. 2022",
"Other micronutrients\u2014like vitamin C, vitamin B6 , and vitamin E, among others\u2014have also been associated with better immune health. \u2014 Sarah Garone, Health.com , 7 Mar. 2022",
"Instead the thick cream\u2014meant to be used a few times a week as the very last step in your routine\u2014uses a mix of bioactive marine ingredients and skin-care staples like hyaluronic acid and vitamin B6 to deeply and quickly repair the skin barrier. \u2014 Bella Cacciatore, Glamour , 14 Feb. 2022",
"There's urea, which is both a humectant and an emollient, vitamin B6 , which promotes healthy oil production, hyaluronic acid, and sodium DNA. \u2014 Megan Decker, refinery29.com , 9 Feb. 2022",
"The fiber in whole grains can also help keep you full and includes vitamins and minerals like vitamin B6 , magnesium, iron and zinc. \u2014 Bethany Thayer, Detroit Free Press , 7 Nov. 2021"
],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{
"1934, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-213213"
},
"vitamin":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": any of various organic substances that are essential in minute quantities to the nutrition of most animals and some plants, act especially as coenzymes and precursors of coenzymes in the regulation of metabolic processes but do not provide energy or serve as building units, and are present in natural foodstuffs or sometimes produced within the body":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8v\u012bt-\u0259-m\u0259n, British also \u02c8vit-",
"British usually \u02c8vi-",
"\u02c8v\u012b-t\u0259-m\u0259n"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"This cereal contains essential vitamins and minerals.",
"Did you remember to take your vitamin ",
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"The full collection includes a cleanser, a toner, an exfoliator, a hyaluronic acid serum, a vitamin C8 serum, a face cream, an eye cream, oil drops, and a night oil\u2014all in minimalist packaging created by design duo Willo Perron and Brian Roettinger. \u2014 Ariana Yaptangco, Glamour , 28 June 2022",
"Some may dislike the scent To give your skin a boost of radiance, this cleanser uses a host of natural extracts that are rich in antioxidants and vitamin C. \u2014 ELLE , 28 June 2022",
"This generally applies to energy levels, but may also relate to vitamin and mineral deficiencies. \u2014 CNN , 17 Feb. 2022",
"Plus, fruits and vegetables lose nutrients after harvesting, so a longer transport means more vitamin and mineral loss. \u2014 Cynthia Sass, Mph, Health.com , 31 Jan. 2022",
"Studies repeatedly find that breakfast improves mental performance for children in school and plays a crucial role in maintaining adequate vitamin and mineral intake in the prevention of illness and disease. \u2014 Anna Haines, Forbes , 20 Jan. 2022",
"Consuming only soda, doughnuts, and hot dogs could lead to vitamin and mineral deficiencies and would greatly increase your risk of poor health. \u2014 Christine Byrne, Outside Online , 28 Feb. 2021",
"Biotin, also known as vitamin B7, has received quite a buzz in recent years in hair- and skin-health circles. \u2014 Grooming Playbook, The Salt Lake Tribune , 13 June 2022",
"For fans of heavy music worldwide, Singh\u2019s videos deliver that sensation like a daily vitamin . \u2014 Hank Shteamer, Rolling Stone , 13 June 2022"
],
"history_and_etymology":{
"alteration of vitamine , from Latin vita life + English amine":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"circa 1912, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-225544"
},
"vitelline":{
"type":[
"adjective"
],
"definitions":{
": resembling the yolk of an egg especially in yellow color":[],
": of, relating to, or producing yolk":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"-\u02c8tel-\u0259n",
"-\u02ccl\u012bn",
"-\u02ccl\u0113n",
"-\u02cc\u0113n",
"-\u02cc\u012bn",
"v\u012b-\u02c8te-l\u0259n"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"Middle English, from Medieval Latin vitellinus , from Latin vitellus egg yolk":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"15th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-234749"
},
"vitriolated":{
"type":[
"adjective"
],
"definitions":{
": converted into a vitriol or other sulfate : subjected to the action of sulfuric acid":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8vi\u2027tr\u0113\u0259\u02ccl\u0101t\u0259\u0307d"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"from past participle of obsolete English vitriolate to convert into or subject to the action of vitriol, from English vitriol entry 1 + -ate":""
},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220710-021658"
},
"vitrain":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": a constituent of banded bituminous coal that has a vitreous or glossy fracture \u2014 compare clarain , durain , fusain":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8vi\u2027\u02cctr\u0101n"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"vitr- + -ain (as in fusain )":""
},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220710-025728"
},
"vitamin B":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": vitamin b complex":[],
": thiamine":[]
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Deep Conditioning Mask has a thick, creamy texture, formulated with hydrating ingredients like rosehip for hydration, almond oil for shine, and vitamin B to help reverse signs of damage. \u2014 Angela Trakoshis, Allure , 21 June 2022",
"Aloe and antioxidants work together to minimize inflammation and vitamin B leaves your skin feeling young and radiant. \u2014 Grooming Playbook, The Salt Lake Tribune , 16 May 2022",
"Key ingredients include free radical-combating curcumin, anti-inflammatory red clover, and mineral-rich mung bean that delivers important nutrients like zinc, iron, vitamin B , biotin, and more directly to the scalp. \u2014 Emily Belfiore, Travel + Leisure , 4 Apr. 2022",
"The fruit is rich in vitamin B , which helps convert food into energy, while antioxidants and omega-3 fats from the nuts are anti-inflammatory. \u2014 Outside Online , 18 June 2021",
"Hair loss in women can occur if certain nutrients are too low, such as iron, folic acid and vitamin B , Guttman said. \u2014 NBC News , 16 Feb. 2022",
"The ingredients that make this product such a hit are hydrating glycerin and vitamin B in the form of niacinamide, which improves hydration by preventing moisture from escaping. \u2014 Tamim Alnuweiri, Health.com , 19 Jan. 2022",
"Full of vitamin B , biotin, folic acid, and Vitamin C, apple cider vinegar can help with dandruff, dullness, and frizz, and provide a sensitive cleanse. \u2014 Alexis Gaskin, Marie Claire , 1 Oct. 2021",
"Also lost is the inner germ layer that's full of antioxidants, magnesium, potassium, vitamin B and healthy fats. \u2014 Sandee Lamotte, CNN , 13 July 2021"
],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{
"circa 1920, in the meaning defined at sense 1":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220710-044431"
}
}