dict_dl/en_MerriamWebster/haw_MW.json
2022-07-10 04:31:07 +00:00

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{
"Hawks":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
"Howard (Winchester) 1896\u20131977 American film director":[]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{},
"history_and_etymology":{},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8h\u022fks"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-060749",
"type":[
"biographical name"
]
},
"Hawthorne effect":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{
"1962, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"from the Hawthorne Works of the Western Electric Company, Cicero, Illinois, where its existence was established by experiment":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8h\u022f-\u02ccth\u022frn-"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220706-135051",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"haw tree":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": hawthorn":[],
": service tree sense 1b":[],
": whitebeam":[]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{},
"history_and_etymology":{},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-202848",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"hawk":{
"antonyms":[
"peddle"
],
"definitions":{
": a small board or metal sheet with a handle on the underside used to hold mortar":[],
": an audible effort to force up phlegm from the throat":[],
": to forcefully spit out (something, such as phlegm) : hock entry 5":[
"hawk a loogie"
],
": to hunt (someone or something) in flight like a hawk (see hawk entry 1 sense 1 )":[
"hawking insects"
],
": to hunt birds by means of a trained hawk (see hawk entry 1 sense 1 ) : to practice falconry":[],
": to raise by trying to clear the throat":[
"hawk up phlegm"
],
": to soar and strike like a hawk (see hawk entry 1 sense 1 )":[
"birds hawking after insects"
],
": to utter a harsh guttural sound in or as if in trying to clear the throat":[]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{
"14th century, in the meaning defined at intransitive sense 1":"Verb",
"1581, in the meaning defined at transitive sense 1":"Verb",
"1604, in the meaning defined above":"Noun",
"1713, in the meaning defined above":"Verb",
"before the 12th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1":"Noun"
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"Middle English hauk , from Old English hafoc ; akin to Old High German habuh hawk, Russian kobets a falcon":"Noun",
"Middle English hauken, derivative of hauk hawk entry 1":"Verb",
"back-formation from hawker entry 2":"Verb",
"derivative of hawk entry 3":"Noun",
"imitative":"Verb"
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8h\u022fk"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[
"jingo",
"jingoist",
"militarist",
"war hawk",
"warmonger"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-032618",
"type":[
"noun",
"transitive verb",
"verb"
]
},
"hawk moth":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": any of a family (Sphingidae) of large, stout-bodied, swift-flying moths that are sometimes active during the day and have long, narrow, more or less pointed forewings, small hind wings, and a very long proboscis which at rest is kept coiled and are typically capable of hovering while feeding on the nectar of flowers":[]
},
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Despite contemporaries\u2019 scoffing, Darwin was proved right when the orchid\u2019s pollinator, the hawk moth , was discovered decades later in Madagascar, the orchid\u2019s native habitat. \u2014 Nicole Sours Larson, San Diego Union-Tribune , 12 Mar. 2022",
"In order to create a sort of moth-drone cyborg, mechanical engineer Melanie Anderson of the University of Washington cold-anesthetized a hawk moth in a freezer before removing its antennae. \u2014 Matt Simon, Wired , 4 Jan. 2021",
"It\u2019s all thanks to the sacrifice of the hawk moth Manduca sexta, which is an extremely sensitive smeller, like other moths. \u2014 Matt Simon, Wired , 4 Jan. 2021",
"Researchers have interpreted a nearby red figure as an insect\u2014possibly a hawk moth , known to become intoxicated on datura nectar drawn through its long proboscis\u2014perhaps here a symbolic stand-in for the datura-taker. \u2014 Megan Gannon, National Geographic , 23 Nov. 2020",
"Snake-mimic caterpillar The larvae of hawk moths ward off predators by impersonating deadly pit vipers. \u2014 Liz Langley, National Geographic , 7 Aug. 2019",
"The mimicry technique the hawk moth caterpillar uses can fool birds or other hungry caterpillars that might otherwise eat it. \u2014 National Geographic , 3 Apr. 2018",
"The hawk moth \u2019s disguise capitalizes on most predators\u2019 natural proclivity to avoid anything snake-like. \u2014 National Geographic , 26 Mar. 2017",
"So how does the hawk moth master the convincing blinking eye"
],
"first_known_use":{
"1785, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8h\u022fk-\u02ccm\u022fth"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220708-114715",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"hawk nose":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": a nose curved like a hawk's beak":[]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{},
"history_and_etymology":{},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220706-203026",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"hawk owl":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": a largely diurnal owl ( Surnia ulula ) of northern forests that somewhat resembles a hawk in appearance, having a long rounded tail and rather short pointed wings":[]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{},
"history_and_etymology":{},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-184650",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"hawk parrot":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": a South American parrot ( Deroptyus accipitrinus ) with a large erectile nuchal crest":[]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{},
"history_and_etymology":{},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220706-162836",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"hawk swallow":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": a common European swift of the genus Apus ( A. apus )":[]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{},
"history_and_etymology":{},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-053510",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"hawk-nosed":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": having a markedly curved and more or less pointed nose suggesting a hawk's beak":[
"the strength of the hawk-nosed face",
"\u2014 Louis Bromfield"
]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{},
"history_and_etymology":{},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220708-103445",
"type":[
"adjective"
]
},
"hawker":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": falconer":[],
": one who hawks wares":[
"The sidewalks are filled with hawkers selling vegetables and trinkets and women in blankets roasting cobs of corn on makeshift fires.",
"\u2014 Richard Stengal"
]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{
"1512, in the meaning defined above":"Noun",
"before the 12th century, in the meaning defined above":"Noun"
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"Middle English haueker, hawker, going back to Old English hafocere, from hafoc hawk entry 1 + -ere -er entry 2":"Noun",
"by folk etymology from Low German h\u00f6ker , from Middle Low German h\u014dker , from h\u014dken to squat, peddle \u2014 more at hunker":"Noun"
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8h\u022f-k\u0259r"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[
"huckster",
"peddler",
"pedlar"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220706-124756",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"hawkish":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": resembling or suggesting a hawk or the beak of a hawk in appearance":[
"a hawkish nose",
"He has a thatch of black curly hair and hawkish features.",
"\u2014 Jeff Shear"
]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{
"1747, in the meaning defined at sense 1":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8h\u022f-kish"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220706-181426",
"type":[
"adjective",
"adverb",
"noun"
]
},
"hawklike":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": resembling or suggesting a hawk in appearance or character":[
"a hawklike bird",
"\u2026 penetrating eyes and a beaked nose that gives him a hawklike appearance \u2026",
"\u2014 Mark Wexler",
"\u2026 his aspect began to change again, becoming leaner, avid, hawk-like , his movements more aggressive \u2026",
"\u2014 Don Wallace"
]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{
"circa 1611, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8h\u022fk-\u02ccl\u012bk"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220708-121610",
"type":[
"adjective"
]
},
"hawksbill turtle":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": a small- to medium-sized sea turtle ( Eretmochelys imbricata ) of warm waters that has a narrow hawk-like beak, an upper shell of overlapping horny plates, and usually two claws on each forelimb":[]
},
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Part of the conservation effort focuses on the endangered green and hawksbill turtle species that are native to the area. \u2014 Julia Eskins, Travel + Leisure , 2 Apr. 2021",
"Along the way, meet locals like the Hawaiian hawksbill turtle and the wild n\u0113n\u0113 (goose), and listen to the dawn chorus. \u2014 New York Times , 24 Nov. 2020",
"Previous studies on hawksbill turtles already have helped Omani and Emirati officials begin rethinking boundaries of some marine protected areas. \u2014 National Geographic , 16 June 2018",
"Open to people only from September to May, the island is the summer nesting site for migratory birds flying thousands of miles from the west coast of Africa and hawksbill turtles who lay their eggs on the unruffled sand. \u2014 Melanie Reffes, USA TODAY , 9 Apr. 2018"
],
"first_known_use":{
"1712, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8h\u022fks-\u02ccbil-"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220706-163305",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"hawkshaw":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": detective":[]
},
"examples":[
"the firm hired a hawkshaw to find out who was fencing stock from their warehouse"
],
"first_known_use":{
"1888, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"from Hawkshaw , detective in the play The Ticket of Leave Man (1863) by Tom Taylor":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8h\u022fk-\u02ccsh\u022f"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[
"detective",
"dick",
"gumshoe",
"investigator",
"operative",
"private detective",
"private eye",
"private investigator",
"shamus",
"sherlock",
"sleuth",
"sleuthhound"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-031931",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"hawkweed":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": any of a genus ( Hieracium ) of perennial often apomictic composite herbs having usually yellow flowers \u2014 compare orange hawkweed":[]
},
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Complaints about seeing hawkweed while on walks are up, as are questions about mass executions of butter and eggs, chickweed, German chamomile and cow vetch. \u2014 Jeff Lowenfels, Anchorage Daily News , 5 Aug. 2021"
],
"first_known_use":{
"1562, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8h\u022fk-\u02ccw\u0113d"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-195010",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"hawky":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": hawklike":[]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{},
"history_and_etymology":{},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8h\u022fk\u0113"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220706-115512",
"type":[
"adjective"
]
},
"hawthorn":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": any of a genus ( Crataegus ) of spring-flowering spiny shrubs or small trees of the rose family with glossy and often lobed leaves, white or pink fragrant flowers, and small red fruits":[]
},
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Plants like roses, Indian hawthorn , camellias, palms, sagos seldom suffer damage during cold. \u2014 Joe Mario Pedersen, orlandosentinel.com , 28 Jan. 2022",
"Most Indian hawthorn leaf spots are commonly caused by the entomosporium fungus. \u2014 Tom Maccubbin, orlandosentinel.com , 6 Nov. 2021",
"Many aquatic plants, such as water hawthorn , are potted in submerged containers to prevent roots from spreading. \u2014 Karen Bruno, WSJ , 23 June 2021",
"Thousands of cicadas gathered on one hawthorn tree, turning its trunk into a pointillist painting humming with life. \u2014 Morgan Greene, chicagotribune.com , 17 June 2021",
"Most major trees around North Texas made it through the cold snap fairly well (with some exceptions), but many shrubs are toast \u2014 Indian hawthorn , pittosporum, Japanese and wax ligustrum, Chinese fringe flower and agaves are pretty much wiped out. \u2014 Howard Garrett, Dallas News , 29 Mar. 2021",
"Indian hawthorn , flowering quince, wisteria, mountain laurel and other woody perennials will probably come through the cold snap unfazed, although some of the higher branches may be dead. \u2014 Richard A. Marini, San Antonio Express-News , 23 Feb. 2021",
"Australian exporters might substitute 'Chinese hawthorn ' for 'blackberry,' for instance, or opt for 'lychees' over 'cherries' when describing a wine\u2019s bouquet. \u2014 Eamon Barrett, Fortune , 7 Dec. 2020",
"The three plants Bautista-Carolina uses most often in heart medicines are rose, violet and hawthorn . \u2014 Malia Wollan, New York Times , 25 Aug. 2020"
],
"first_known_use":{
"before the 12th century, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"Middle English ha\u021d\u00feorne, hawethorn, going back to Old English hagu\u00feorn, h\u00e6g\u00feorn, going back to Germanic *haga\u00feurna- (whence also Old High German hagandorn \"hawthorn,\" Old Icelandic hag\u00feorn ), from *haga- \"fenced enclosure, hedge\" + *\u00feurna- thorn \u2014 more at haw entry 1":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8h\u022f-\u02ccth\u022frn"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-202948",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"hawthorn pattern":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": the pattern on hawthorn china":[]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{},
"history_and_etymology":{},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-184240",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"hawthorn rust":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": a rust fungus ( Gymnosporangium globosum ) in its aecial and pycnial stage":[]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{},
"history_and_etymology":{},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-192535",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"hawfinch":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": an Old World finch ( Coccothraustes coccothraustes of the family Fringillidae) with a large heavy bill and short thick neck and the male marked with black, white, and brown":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8h\u022f-\u02ccfinch"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"haw entry 1 + finch":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"circa 1674, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220708-235231"
},
"haw-haw":{
"type":[
"adjective",
"intransitive verb",
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": a deep or especially loud boisterous laugh : guffaw":[],
": to laugh in haw-haws : guffaw":[],
": marked by or given to the use of frequent haws as a habit or affectation of speech often associated with a southern British upper-class speech":[
"that famous haw-haw English accent",
"\u2014 J. B. Priestley",
"a kind of haw-haw way of talking",
"\u2014 Clements Ripley"
]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8h\u022f\u00a6h\u022f",
"\"",
"(\u02c8)h\u022f\u00a6h\u022f"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"imitative":"Noun",
"reduplication of haw entry 4":"Adjective"
},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-003115"
},
"haw":{
"type":[
"interjection",
"noun",
"verb"
],
"definitions":{
": a hawthorn berry":[],
": hawthorn":[],
": to utter the sound represented by haw":[
"hemmed and hawed before answering"
],
": equivocate":[
"the administration hemmed and hawed over the students' demands"
],
"\u2014 compare gee entry 3":[
"\u2014 used as a direction to turn to the left"
],
": to turn to the near or left side":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8h\u022f"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"Middle English hawe, going back to Old English haga, weak masculine noun, formally identical with haga \"fence, fenced enclosure, hedge\" (whence Middle English hawe in same sense), going back to Germanic *hagan- (whence also Middle Dutch hage \"thornbush,\" haghe \"thornbush forming a border,\" Old Icelandic hagi \"enclosed field, pasture\"), derivative of a base *hag- seen also in *haga-, masculine a-stem, whence Old English h\u00e6g- \"enclosure\" (in placenames), Old High German hag \"palisade, enclosed land\"; in *hagi-, masculine i-stem, whence Old English hege \"hedge, fence, boundary wall\" (whence Middle English heye, haie, in part reflecting also Anglo-French haie \"hedge, fence\"), Middle Low German hege ; in *hagj\u014d hedge entry 1 ; in *hagna-, masculine a-stem, derivative with the suffix of appurtenance -na-, whence Old Saxon hagan \"thornbush, buckthorn,\" Middle Dutch haghen \"enclosure,\" Old High German hagan \"thornbush, plants of the genera Crataegus and Rhamnus \"; Germanic hag- going back to dialectal Indo-European *kag h - \"enclosure,\" whence also Celtic *kagi\u032fo- (whence Welsh cae \"hedge, hedgerow, field,\" Cornish ke \"hedge, ditch,\" Old Breton caiou glossing munimenta \"defensive works, barrier,\" Breton kae \"hedge, field\") and probably Latin caulae, plural only, \"railing, lattice forming a barrier\" (going back to *kahel\u0101 )":"Noun",
"Middle English howe, hawe \"morbid excrescence in the eye,\" of uncertain origin":"Noun",
"derivative of haw entry 3":"Verb",
"probably from haw entry 3 used as a command to an animal":"Verb"
},
"first_known_use":{
"before the 12th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1":"Noun",
"1523, in the meaning defined above":"Noun",
"1600, in the meaning defined above":"Interjection",
"1632, in the meaning defined at sense 1":"Verb",
"1777, in the meaning defined at intransitive sense":"Verb"
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-091933"
},
"Hawaii":{
"type":[
"geographical name"
],
"definitions":{
"group of islands in the central Pacific belonging to the U.S.":[],
"island in the southeastern part of the state of Hawaii; largest island in the Hawaiian archipelago; chief city Hilo area 4021 square miles (10,455 square kilometers), population 185,079":[],
"southernmost and newest state of the U.S. comprising the Hawaiian Islands except the Midway Islands; annexed 1898, a territory 1900\u201359; capital Honolulu area 6471 square miles (16,760 square kilometers), population 1,360,301":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"-\u02c8w\u00e4-\u02cc\u0113 also -\u02c8v\u00e4- or -\u02c8w\u022f-",
"sometimes -y\u0259",
"-\u02c8w\u012b-\u0113",
"h\u0259-\u02c8w\u00e4-y\u0113"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-131329"
},
"hawer":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": one that haws in speech":[
"one of your hemmers and hawers"
]
},
"pronounciation":[
"-\u022f\u0259",
"\u02c8h\u022f(\u0259)r"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"haw entry 3 + -er":""
},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-182433"
},
"Hawaiian":{
"type":[
"adjective",
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": the Polynesian language of the Hawaiians":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"-\u02c8w\u012b-(y)\u0259n",
"-\u02c8w\u022f-y\u0259n",
"h\u0259-\u02c8w\u00e4-y\u0259n"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{
"1840, in the meaning defined at sense 1":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-210147"
},
"Hawaiian shirt":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": a usually short-sleeved sport shirt with a colorful pattern":[]
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{
"1952, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-214642"
},
"Hawaiian goose":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": nene":[]
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{
"circa 1909, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-220003"
},
"hawaiian guitar":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": a usually electric stringed instrument having a long fretted neck and six to eight steel strings that are plucked while being pressed with a movable steel bar for a glissando effect":[]
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{
"1928, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220710-004023"
},
"Hawaiiana":{
"type":[
"plural noun"
],
"definitions":{
": objects relating characteristically to Hawaii or of Hawaiian origin":[]
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"Hawaii + English -ana":""
},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220710-021034"
},
"Hawaiian duck":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": a small drab mallard ( Anas platyrhynchos wyvilliana ) formerly common in the Hawaiian islands but now largely restricted to the coastal wetlands and streams of Kauai up to about 3500 feet":[]
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220710-025411"
}
}