dict_dl/en_MerriamWebster/nuc_MW.json
2022-07-15 11:16:05 +00:00

1910 lines
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{
"nuclear isomer":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": isomer sense 2":[]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{},
"history_and_etymology":{},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-201058",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"nuclear magnetic resonance":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{},
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"The team used nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxometry to measure the physical and chemical properties of the color, Ars Technica reports. \u2014 Elizabeth Gamillo, Smithsonian Magazine , 9 Dec. 2021",
"AlphaFold\u2019s predictions were poor matches to experimental structures determined by a technique called nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, but this could be down to how the raw data is converted into a model, says Moult. \u2014 Ewen Callaway, Scientific American , 1 Dec. 2020",
"More recently, two other experimental methods\u2014 nuclear magnetic resonance and cryogenic electron microscopy\u2014have also been used. \u2014 Jeremy Kahn, Fortune , 30 Nov. 2020",
"Monitoring the reactions in real-time with a mass spectrometer, a nuclear magnetic resonance machine, and an infrared spectrometer, the system eventually learned to predict which combinations would be the most reactive. \u2014 Dan Falk, WIRED , 17 Mar. 2019",
"Alternative approaches, including nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and cryoelectron microscopy, also require large amounts of a protein and can take months. \u2014 Robert F. Service, Science | AAAS , 18 June 2019",
"Behind Olesik, in a frigid room crammed with $15.4 million worth of nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometers that look like stubby spaceships, scientists are analyzing how polymer chains interact, down to their individual amino acids. \u2014 Jon Marcus, The Atlantic , 15 Oct. 2017",
"In their eagerness to understand the material world, scientists have invented a variety of ways to picture the interior life of cells, using X-rays, electron microscopy, or nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. \u2014 David Gauthier-villars, WSJ , 5 Oct. 2017",
"During her graduate years Dwyer joined a research group that was studying small organic molecules and conducting research using nuclear magnetic resonance . \u2014 Elizabeth Marie Himchak, Pomerado News , 1 Sep. 2017"
],
"first_known_use":{
"1942, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-194924",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"nuclear power":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": energy that is created by splitting apart the nuclei of atoms":[]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{},
"history_and_etymology":{},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220708-112200",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"nuclear reactor":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": a large device that produces nuclear energy":[]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{},
"history_and_etymology":{},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-180853",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"nuclear resonance":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": resonance sense 6a":[],
": the resonance absorption of a gamma ray by a nucleus identical to the nucleus that emitted the gamma ray \u2014 compare m\u00f6ssbauer effect":[]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{
"1950, in the meaning defined at sense 2":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-181321",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"nuclear sap":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": the clear homogeneous ground substance of a cell nucleus":[]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{
"1887, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{},
"pronounciation":[
"-\u02c8sap"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-190444",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"nucleus":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": a basic or essential part : core":[
"players who are the nucleus of the team"
],
": a cellular organelle of eukaryotes that is essential to cell functions (such as reproduction and protein synthesis), is composed of nucleoplasm and a nucleoprotein -rich network from which chromosomes and nucleoli arise, and is enclosed in a definite membrane \u2014 see cell illustration":[],
": a central point, group, or mass about which gathering, concentration, or accretion takes place: such as":[],
": a mass of gray matter or group of cell bodies of neurons in the central nervous system":[],
": the peak of sonority in the utterance of a syllable":[],
": the positively charged central portion of an atom that comprises nearly all of the atomic mass and that consists of protons and usually neutrons":[],
": the small bright body in the head of a comet":[],
": the small brighter and denser portion of a galaxy (see galaxy sense 1b )":[]
},
"examples":[
"a college campus that was a nucleus of opposition to the war",
"the nucleus of the movement's methodology has always been passive resistance",
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Kehoe was the nucleus of the St. Ursula volleyball dynasty, leading the program to a pair of Division I state championships (2001, 2003) and a state runner-up finish in 2002. \u2014 Alex Harrison, The Enquirer , 24 June 2022",
"Linked to the main island of Gamla Stan by a bridge, the small island of Riddarholmen is in many ways the historical nucleus of the city. \u2014 David Nikel, Forbes , 13 June 2022",
"Joe Douglas has built a talented, young nucleus as the Jets\u2019 general manager, especially on offense. \u2014 Jonas Shaffer, Baltimore Sun , 12 May 2022",
"Interim coach Derek King coached many of the rookies and prospects in Rockford who form the Hawks\u2019 nucleus of the future. \u2014 Phil Thompson, Chicago Tribune , 27 Apr. 2022",
"Its nucleus \u2014 the solid center, which is typically made up of ice, rock and dust \u2014 is about 85 miles across. \u2014 Denise Chow, NBC News , 14 Apr. 2022",
"Willow Canyon returns a strong nucleus , behind pitcher Marissa McCann, catcher Jaeden Murphy, shortstop Tristen Turlington, second baseman Alannah Rogers and third baseman Harmony Andrade. \u2014 Richard Obert, The Arizona Republic , 24 Feb. 2022",
"With a budget-friendly, stellar nucleus \u2014 headed by Burrow, 25; Chase, 21; receiver Tee Higgins, 23; Mixon, 25; and linebacker Logan Wilson, 25 \u2014 the Bengals should challenge for playoff berths in the next few years. \u2014 Tom Krasovic, San Diego Union-Tribune , 16 Feb. 2022",
"The Fridericianum is the nucleus , but Documenta annexes the entire town \u2014 shops, gardens, warehouses, streets \u2014 leaving relics behind. \u2014 New York Times , 9 June 2022"
],
"first_known_use":{
"1668, in the meaning defined at sense 1a":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"New Latin, from Latin, kernel, from nuc-, nux nut \u2014 more at nut":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8n(y)\u00fc-kl\u0113-\u0259s",
"\u02c8n\u00fc-kl\u0113-\u0259s",
"\u02c8ny\u00fc-"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[
"axis",
"base",
"capital",
"center",
"central",
"core",
"cynosure",
"epicenter",
"eye",
"focus",
"ground zero",
"heart",
"hub",
"locus",
"mecca",
"navel",
"nerve center",
"nexus",
"omphalos",
"seat"
],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220706-200318",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"nuclear plate":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": metaphase plate":[]
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220708-155426"
},
"nuclide":{
"type":[
"adjective",
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": a species of atom characterized by the constitution of its nucleus and hence by the number of protons, the number of neutrons, and the energy content":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8n(y)\u00fc-\u02cckl\u012bd",
"\u02c8ny\u00fc-",
"\u02c8n\u00fc-\u02cckl\u012bd"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Storage tanks at the site, which hold water treated by a nuclide -removal facility called ALPS, are forecast to be full by mid-2022, and space for building more is scarce. \u2014 Aya Takada, Bloomberg.com , 29 Apr. 2020",
"Water treatment is happening at large-scale facilities that have been built onsite, including a multi- nuclide removal facility. \u2014 William Steel, Ars Technica , 11 May 2018",
"The half-life of cesium-137, one of the most harmful nuclides released during the accident, is approximately thirty years. \u2014 Serhii Plokhy, Time , 26 Apr. 2018"
],
"history_and_etymology":{
"nucl eus + Greek eidos form, species \u2014 more at idol":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"1947, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220708-182619"
},
"nuclear membrane":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": a double membrane enclosing a cell nucleus and having its outer part continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum":[
"\u2014 see cell illustration"
]
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Messenger RNA is not processed in the cell nucleus, but in ribosomes, outside the nuclear membrane . \u2014 Enrique Dans, Forbes , 16 May 2021"
],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{
"1852, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220708-202921"
},
"nuclear medicine":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": a branch of medicine dealing with the use of radioactive materials in the diagnosis and treatment of disease":[]
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"That offers a unique opportunity for researchers, said Dr. Jean Jeudy, professor of diagnostic radiology and nuclear medicine at the Maryland medical school. \u2014 Meredith Cohn, Baltimore Sun , 27 June 2022",
"Earlier this month, Novartis took the surprising step of voluntarily suspending production of two therapies that use nuclear medicine to target and treat cancer cells, and also halted clinical trials for one of the treatments. \u2014 Ed Silverman, STAT , 3 June 2022",
"Due to manufacturing issues, Novartis has voluntarily suspended production of two therapies that use nuclear medicine to target and treat cancer cells. \u2014 Ed Silverman, STAT , 9 May 2022",
"That is about 500 times the radiation dose the skin or tissue would normally receive in a nuclear medicine imaging procedure. \u2014 Daniel Fass, STAT , 30 Dec. 2021",
"Non-Natives like to think that the Mayflower had Wi-Fi, that the Ni\u00f1a, the Pinta, and the Santa Mar\u00eda brought with them consumer goods, Facebook, and nuclear medicine . \u2014 Carolyn Wells, Longreads , 10 Aug. 2020",
"Non-Natives like to think that the Mayflower had Wi-Fi, that the Ni\u00f1a, the Pinta, and the Santa Mar\u00eda brought with them consumer goods, Facebook, and nuclear medicine . \u2014 Carolyn Wells, Longreads , 10 Aug. 2020",
"Non-Natives like to think that the Mayflower had Wi-Fi, that the Ni\u00f1a, the Pinta, and the Santa Mar\u00eda brought with them consumer goods, Facebook, and nuclear medicine . \u2014 Carolyn Wells, Longreads , 10 Aug. 2020",
"Non-Natives like to think that the Mayflower had Wi-Fi, that the Ni\u00f1a, the Pinta, and the Santa Mar\u00eda brought with them consumer goods, Facebook, and nuclear medicine . \u2014 Carolyn Wells, Longreads , 10 Aug. 2020"
],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{
"1952, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220708-225556"
},
"nucleotide":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": any of several compounds that consist of a ribose or deoxyribose sugar joined to a purine or pyrimidine base and to a phosphate group and that are the basic structural units of nucleic acids (such as RNA and DNA) \u2014 compare nucleoside":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8n(y)\u00fc-kl\u0113-\u0259-\u02cct\u012bd",
"\u02c8n\u00fc-kl\u0113-\u0259-\u02cct\u012bd",
"\u02c8ny\u00fc-"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"The 50 differences in the monkyepox virus 2022 were 50 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). \u2014 Bruce Y. Lee, Forbes , 25 June 2022",
"Together with Adam Phillippy, a computational biologist at the National Human Genome Research Institute, Miga launched the Telomere-to-Telomere (T2T) consortium in 2018 to finally sequence every last nucleotide of human DNA. \u2014 Quanta Magazine , 8 Sep. 2021",
"Once it is recopied, the replicating polymerase develops transition mutations, where a U nucleotide is converted to a C and a C to U. \u2014 William A. Haseltine, Forbes , 8 Oct. 2021",
"The joint effects of five single- nucleotide mutations in beta-lactamase can increase its antibiotic resistance by a factor of 100,000. \u2014 Quanta Magazine , 11 Jan. 2022",
"Historically, scientists had to create mutations one nucleotide or amino acid at a time, then purify the mutant protein and assess its function. \u2014 Quanta Magazine , 11 Jan. 2022",
"These include an amino acid change observed in the NSP12 polymerase, P323L, and a single nucleotide change occurred in the five prime untranslated region, C241U. \u2014 William A. Haseltine, Forbes , 14 Oct. 2021",
"This protein is the engine of the transcription-replication complex, reading nucleotide sequences and copying them for the creation of new RNA. \u2014 William A. Haseltine, Forbes , 22 Oct. 2021",
"Of the 64 possible combinations of codons in every three- nucleotide sequence, there are six possible codons that encode arginine. \u2014 Ethan Siegel, Forbes , 11 June 2021"
],
"history_and_etymology":{
"International Scientific Vocabulary, irregular from nucle- + -ide":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"1908, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-003209"
},
"nucleic":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-011659"
},
"nucleus of Pander":{
"type":[],
"definitions":{
": the expanded upper end of the flask-shaped mass of white yolk in a bird's egg":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"-\u02c8p\u00e4nd\u0259(r)"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"after Christian H. Pander \u20201865 Russian zoologist":""
},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-015903"
},
"nuclear option":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": the option of using nuclear weapons in war":[
"\u2026 it is now unimaginable that we would use anything approaching the full measure of our military power (the nuclear option aside) in the wars we fight.",
"\u2014 Shelby Steele"
]
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"In the end, Macron also still has what in French political terms is the nuclear option . \u2014 David A. Andelman, CNN , 20 June 2022",
"In the third study, published in Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism, Peeling and his colleagues examine the nuclear option . \u2014 Alex Hutchinson, Outside Online , 8 July 2020",
"Disconnecting an entire country from SWIFT is considered the nuclear option of economic sanctions. \u2014 Charles Riley, CNN , 28 Feb. 2022",
"Democrats must either overcome a 60-vote threshold in the full Senate, requiring 10 GOP votes to bring the nomination to the floor, or change the Senate rules on a party-line vote, known as the nuclear option . \u2014 Manu Raju, Ted Barrett And Alex Rogers, CNN , 15 Feb. 2022",
"Last week, Western nations launched the ' nuclear option ' against Moscow in retaliation for Russia's unprovoked assault on its neighbor Ukraine. \u2014 Yvonne Lau, Fortune , 4 Mar. 2022",
"And the nuclear option \u2014lawsuits\u2014are employed to take down cheating rings when they're discovered. \u2014 Bryan Menegus, Wired , 30 Jan. 2022",
"Ever since 1787, Article I, Section 4 has been in there, the original nuclear option , to protect the national government from institutional collapse. \u2014 Thomas Geoghegan, The New Republic , 13 Jan. 2022",
"After Harry Reid used the nuclear option to confirm appellate judges, Mr. McConnell did the same for Supreme Court nominees. \u2014 The Editorial Board, WSJ , 23 Dec. 2021"
],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{
"1962, in the meaning defined at sense 1":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-040001"
},
"nucleotidase":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": a phosphatase that promotes hydrolysis of a nucleotide (as into a nucleoside and phosphoric acid)":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02ccny\u00fc-",
"-\u02ccd\u0101z",
"\u02ccn\u00fc-kl\u0113-\u0259-\u02c8t\u012b-\u02ccd\u0101s",
"\u02ccn(y)\u00fc-kl\u0113-\u0259-\u02c8t\u012bd-\u02cc\u0101s, -\u02cc\u0101z"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{
"1911, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-081350"
},
"nucleoside":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": a compound (such as guanosine or adenosine) that consists of a purine or pyrimidine base combined with deoxyribose or ribose and is found especially in DNA or RNA":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8n(y)\u00fc-kl\u0113-\u0259-\u02ccs\u012bd",
"\u02c8ny\u00fc-",
"\u02c8n\u00fc-kl\u0113-\u0259-\u02ccs\u012bd"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"But academic researchers found modifying a small part of mRNA called a nucleoside could result in its slipping past the immune system. \u2014 Juliet Chung, WSJ , 2 Oct. 2020",
"These ring-like nitrogen molecules were known to be a type of nucleoside , the broad term for the structural bases of DNA. \u2014 Patrick Adams, National Geographic , 31 Aug. 2020",
"The first nucleoside analogues were approved for medicinal use in the 1950s. \u2014 Katherine Seley-radtke, The Conversation , 6 May 2020",
"In their newest paper, published in the same journal, the researchers showed that TAP and ribose easily bond when mixed in water, creating molecules known as nucleosides . \u2014 Quanta Magazine , 5 Feb. 2014",
"In a group of nine patients with a disease similar to Charlie\u2019s, one was able to breathe without a ventilator after being treated with nucleosides to improve muscle function, the doctor said. \u2014 Joanna Sugden, WSJ , 13 July 2017",
"His parents want to take him to the U.S. for nucleoside therapy. \u2014 Erin Hill, PEOPLE.com , 13 July 2017",
"With that, doctors concluded that nucleoside therapy would only prolong the child\u2019s suffering. \u2014 Dan Bilefsky And Sewell Chan, New York Times , 4 July 2017"
],
"history_and_etymology":{
"International Scientific Vocabulary nucle- + -ose entry 2 + -ide":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"1911, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-095523"
},
"nucleoprotein":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": a compound that consists of a protein (such as a histone) conjugated with a nucleic acid (such as a DNA) and that is the principal constituent of the hereditary material in chromosomes":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02ccny\u00fc-",
"-\u02c8pr\u014d-t\u0113-\u0259n",
"\u02ccn(y)\u00fc-kl\u0113-\u014d-\u02c8pr\u014d-\u02cct\u0113n, -\u02c8pr\u014dt-\u0113-\u0259n",
"\u02ccn\u00fc-kl\u0113-\u014d-\u02c8pr\u014d-\u02cct\u0113n"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Bloom and others have identified specific mutations that make the nucleoprotein better at resisting the human immune system. \u2014 Sarah Zhang, The Atlantic , 24 May 2021",
"The test detects the E (envelope) and N ( nucleoprotein ) genes on SARS-CoV-2. \u2014 Jim Daley, Scientific American , 23 Apr. 2020"
],
"history_and_etymology":{
"International Scientific Vocabulary":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"1906, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-100420"
},
"nuclear magneton":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": a unit of magnetic moment of a nuclear particle involving the mass of the proton instead of the electron and equaling \u00b9/\u2081\u2088\u2083\u2087 Bohr magneton":[]
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-120826"
},
"nucleosome":{
"type":[
"adjective",
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": any of the repeating globular subunits of chromatin that consist of a complex of DNA and histone":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"-\u02ccs\u014dm",
"\u02c8ny\u00fc-",
"\u02c8n\u00fc-kl\u0113-\u0259-\u02ccs\u014dm"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Chromatin is built when DNA winds around millions of spool-like protein structures called nucleosomes . \u2014 Quanta Magazine , 25 Feb. 2015"
],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{
"1962, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-122738"
},
"nucleosynthesis":{
"type":[
"adjective",
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": the production of a chemical element from simpler nuclei (as of hydrogen) especially in a star":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02ccny\u00fc-",
"\u02ccn\u00fc-kl\u0113-\u014d-\u02c8sin(t)-th\u0259-s\u0259s"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Driven by nucleosynthesis in stars, the three most abundant elements in the Universe after hydrogen and helium are oxygen, carbon, and nitrogen, Walker writes. \u2014 Bruce Dorminey, Forbes , 27 Sep. 2021",
"Deuterium\u2019s creation was the first step in Big Bang nucleosynthesis , a sequence of nuclear reactions that occurred when the cosmos was a super hot but rapidly cooling soup of protons and neutrons. \u2014 Quanta Magazine , 11 Nov. 2020",
"Since then, observations of the cosmic microwave background have become increasingly precise, putting pressure on physicists who study Big Bang nucleosynthesis to match that precision \u2014 and so allow a comparison of the two epochs. \u2014 Quanta Magazine , 11 Nov. 2020",
"Big Bang nucleosynthesis also enabled physicists to predict the number of different types of neutrinos, which helped drive cosmic expansion. \u2014 Quanta Magazine , 11 Nov. 2020",
"In it, the authors argued that nearly all of the chemical elements, from aluminum to zinc, are forged in the bodies of stars, a process now called stellar nucleosynthesis . \u2014 Margalit Fox, BostonGlobe.com , 8 Apr. 2020",
"In it, the authors argued that nearly all of the chemical elements, from aluminum to zinc, are forged in the bodies of stars, a process now called stellar nucleosynthesis . \u2014 Margalit Fox, BostonGlobe.com , 8 Apr. 2020",
"In it, the authors argued that nearly all of the chemical elements, from aluminum to zinc, are forged in the bodies of stars, a process now called stellar nucleosynthesis . \u2014 Margalit Fox, BostonGlobe.com , 8 Apr. 2020",
"In it, the authors argued that nearly all of the chemical elements, from aluminum to zinc, are forged in the bodies of stars, a process now called stellar nucleosynthesis . \u2014 Margalit Fox, BostonGlobe.com , 8 Apr. 2020"
],
"history_and_etymology":{
"New Latin":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"1957, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-153008"
},
"nucleic acid":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": any of various complex organic acids (such as DNA or RNA) that are composed of nucleotide chains":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"-\u02cckl\u0101-",
"nu\u0307-\u02c8kl\u0113-ik-",
"nyu\u0307-",
"-\u02c8kl\u0101-",
"n(y)u\u0307-\u02cckl\u0113-ik-"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"While updating nucleic acid vaccines is important, some research suggests that viral vector or whole virus vaccines could be more effective against new variants \u2013 without the need for updating. \u2014 Krishna Mallela, The Conversation , 4 May 2022",
"There are also silent mutations that change the nucleic acid sequence without changing the protein-coding capacity. \u2014 William A. Haseltine, Forbes , 6 May 2022",
"At this point, the reader preheats the cartridge to the temperature required for the nucleic acid amplification. \u2014 Jonathan M. Gitlin, Ars Technica , 14 Feb. 2022",
"The plan, which will see every city resident take a nucleic acid test starting Monday morning, comes as Shanghai reported a city record of more than 9,000 cases on Sunday. \u2014 Simone Mccarthy And Yong Xiong, CNN , 4 Apr. 2022",
"Residents line up for nucleic acid testing in Shanghai on Monday. \u2014 NBC News , 4 Apr. 2022",
"The tests are designed to supplement existing nucleic acid tests to help discover cases early. \u2014 Bloomberg.com , 26 Mar. 2022",
"From Saturday, guests must present a negative nucleic acid test (such as a PCR test) taken within 24 hours in order to enter the resort. \u2014 Patrick Frater, Variety , 11 Mar. 2022",
"Effective April 2, individuals leaving the city must undergo a nucleic acid test in the previous 48 hours and as well as evidence of antigen test with a negative result. \u2014 Bloomberg.com , 31 Mar. 2022"
],
"history_and_etymology":{
"from their occurrence in cell nuclei":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"1892, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-173758"
},
"nucleated":{
"type":[
"adjective"
],
"definitions":{
": having a nucleus or nuclei":[
"nucleated cells"
],
": originating or occurring at nuclei":[
"nucleate boiling"
]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8n(y)\u00fc-kl\u0113-\u02cc\u0101t-\u0259d",
"\u02c8ny\u00fc-",
"\u02c8n\u00fc-kl\u0113-\u02cc\u0101-t\u0259d"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"This dichotomy between nucleated and nonnucleated life became fundamental to biology. \u2014 Quanta Magazine , 25 Nov. 2020"
],
"history_and_etymology":{
"Latin nucleatus , from nucleus kernel":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"1845, in the meaning defined at sense 1":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-173800"
},
"nuclei":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": the small bright body in the head of a comet":[],
": the small brighter and denser portion of a galaxy (see galaxy sense 1b )":[],
": a central point, group, or mass about which gathering, concentration, or accretion takes place: such as":[],
": a cellular organelle of eukaryotes that is essential to cell functions (such as reproduction and protein synthesis), is composed of nucleoplasm and a nucleoprotein -rich network from which chromosomes and nucleoli arise, and is enclosed in a definite membrane \u2014 see cell illustration":[],
": a mass of gray matter or group of cell bodies of neurons in the central nervous system":[],
": the positively charged central portion of an atom that comprises nearly all of the atomic mass and that consists of protons and usually neutrons":[],
": the peak of sonority in the utterance of a syllable":[],
": a basic or essential part : core":[
"players who are the nucleus of the team"
]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8n\u00fc-kl\u0113-\u0259s",
"\u02c8ny\u00fc-",
"\u02c8n(y)\u00fc-kl\u0113-\u0259s"
],
"synonyms":[
"axis",
"base",
"capital",
"center",
"central",
"core",
"cynosure",
"epicenter",
"eye",
"focus",
"ground zero",
"heart",
"hub",
"locus",
"mecca",
"navel",
"nerve center",
"nexus",
"omphalos",
"seat"
],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"a college campus that was a nucleus of opposition to the war",
"the nucleus of the movement's methodology has always been passive resistance",
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Kehoe was the nucleus of the St. Ursula volleyball dynasty, leading the program to a pair of Division I state championships (2001, 2003) and a state runner-up finish in 2002. \u2014 Alex Harrison, The Enquirer , 24 June 2022",
"Linked to the main island of Gamla Stan by a bridge, the small island of Riddarholmen is in many ways the historical nucleus of the city. \u2014 David Nikel, Forbes , 13 June 2022",
"Joe Douglas has built a talented, young nucleus as the Jets\u2019 general manager, especially on offense. \u2014 Jonas Shaffer, Baltimore Sun , 12 May 2022",
"Interim coach Derek King coached many of the rookies and prospects in Rockford who form the Hawks\u2019 nucleus of the future. \u2014 Phil Thompson, Chicago Tribune , 27 Apr. 2022",
"Its nucleus \u2014 the solid center, which is typically made up of ice, rock and dust \u2014 is about 85 miles across. \u2014 Denise Chow, NBC News , 14 Apr. 2022",
"Willow Canyon returns a strong nucleus , behind pitcher Marissa McCann, catcher Jaeden Murphy, shortstop Tristen Turlington, second baseman Alannah Rogers and third baseman Harmony Andrade. \u2014 Richard Obert, The Arizona Republic , 24 Feb. 2022",
"With a budget-friendly, stellar nucleus \u2014 headed by Burrow, 25; Chase, 21; receiver Tee Higgins, 23; Mixon, 25; and linebacker Logan Wilson, 25 \u2014 the Bengals should challenge for playoff berths in the next few years. \u2014 Tom Krasovic, San Diego Union-Tribune , 16 Feb. 2022",
"The Fridericianum is the nucleus , but Documenta annexes the entire town \u2014 shops, gardens, warehouses, streets \u2014 leaving relics behind. \u2014 New York Times , 9 June 2022"
],
"history_and_etymology":{
"New Latin, from Latin, kernel, from nuc-, nux nut \u2014 more at nut":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"1668, in the meaning defined at sense 1a":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-173807"
},
"nucleolus":{
"type":[
"adjective",
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": a spherical body of the nucleus of most eukaryotes that becomes enlarged during protein synthesis, is associated with a nucleolus organizer, and contains the DNA templates for ribosomal RNA \u2014 see cell illustration":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"ny\u00fc-",
"n(y)\u00fc-\u02c8kl\u0113-\u0259-l\u0259s",
"n\u00fc-\u02c8kl\u0113-\u0259-l\u0259s"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"In 2012, Brangwynne and colleagues saw similar fluid features in the nucleolus , a dense mix of proteins, RNA, and DNA that manufactures ribosomes, the cell\u2019s protein factories. \u2014 Mitch Leslie, Science | AAAS , 21 Jan. 2021",
"More membraneless structures continued to be found, such as the nucleolus , a dense structure in the cell nucleus. \u2014 Quanta Magazine , 26 Nov. 2018",
"But there\u2019s more to the nucleolus than just making ribosomes. \u2014 Joanna Klein, New York Times , 20 May 2018"
],
"history_and_etymology":{
"New Latin, from Latin, diminutive of nucleus":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"1839, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-182656"
},
"nucleolus organizer":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": the specific part of a chromosome with which a nucleolus is associated especially during its reorganization after nuclear division":[]
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{
"1939, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-183242"
},
"nucleate":{
"type":[
"noun",
"verb"
],
"definitions":{
": to form into a nucleus : cluster":[],
": to act as a nucleus for":[],
": to supply nuclei to":[],
": to form a nucleus":[],
": to act as a nucleus":[],
": to begin to form":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8ny\u00fc-",
"\u02c8n(y)\u00fc-kl\u0113-\u02cc\u0101t",
"\u02c8n\u00fc-kl\u0113-\u02cc\u0101t"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Rough spots inside a glass can also help to nucleate bubbles; some glassmakers etch shapes inside glasses to help this process along. \u2014 Nicola Jones, Smithsonian Magazine , 30 Dec. 2021",
"These boundaries often contain areas of enhanced wind shear (change in wind direction), leading to pockets of spin that can nucleate a tornado within stronger storm cells. \u2014 Washington Post , 23 Dec. 2020",
"At the Plate The study of these zinc oxide plates and how the plates nucleate and grow as secondary structures on zinc oxide surfaces contributes toward America\u2019s goal of a clean, abundant and secure energy future. \u2014 Marissa Fessenden, Smithsonian , 28 Feb. 2017",
"Ozone forms from nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons through atmospheric chemical reactions that speed up with heat, while particulates nucleate around liquid droplets and can penetrate deeply into the lungs. \u2014 Jeffrey Marlow, WIRED , 19 Nov. 2014",
"At the Plate The study of these zinc oxide plates and how the plates nucleate and grow as secondary structures on zinc oxide surfaces contributes toward America\u2019s goal of a clean, abundant and secure energy future. \u2014 Marissa Fessenden, Smithsonian , 28 Feb. 2017"
],
"history_and_etymology":{
"Late Latin nucleatus , past participle of nucleare to become stony, from Latin nucleus":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"1856, in the meaning defined at transitive sense 1":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-190519"
},
"nucleolysis":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": karyolysis":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02ccn(y)\u00fckl\u0113\u02c8\u00e4l\u0259s\u0259\u0307s"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"New Latin, from nucle- + -lysis":""
},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-192117"
},
"nuclear-powered":{
"type":[
"adjective"
],
"definitions":{
": utilizing atomic power (as for propulsion)":[
"nuclear-powered submarine"
]
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-193252"
},
"nuclease":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": any of various enzymes that promote hydrolysis of nucleic acids":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8n(y)\u00fc-kl\u0113-\u02cc\u0101s, -\u02cc\u0101z",
"\u02c8ny\u00fc-",
"-\u02cc\u0101z",
"\u02c8n\u00fc-kl\u0113-\u02cc\u0101s"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"The company pioneered the zinc finger nuclease gene-editing method. \u2014 Trefis Team, Forbes , 23 Dec. 2021",
"The company pioneered the zinc finger nuclease gene-editing method. \u2014 Trefis Team, Forbes , 23 Dec. 2021",
"The company pioneered the zinc finger nuclease gene-editing method. \u2014 Trefis Team, Forbes , 23 Dec. 2021",
"The company pioneered the zinc finger nuclease gene-editing method. \u2014 Trefis Team, Forbes , 23 Dec. 2021",
"The company pioneered the zinc finger nuclease gene-editing method. \u2014 Trefis Team, Forbes , 23 Dec. 2021",
"The company pioneered the zinc finger nuclease gene-editing method. \u2014 Trefis Team, Forbes , 23 Dec. 2021",
"The company pioneered the zinc finger nuclease gene-editing method. \u2014 Trefis Team, Forbes , 23 Dec. 2021",
"The company pioneered the zinc finger nuclease gene-editing method. \u2014 Trefis Team, Forbes , 23 Dec. 2021"
],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{
"1902, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220710-063932"
},
"nuclein":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": nucleoprotein":[],
": nucleic acid":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8ny\u00fc-",
"\u02c8n\u00fc-kl\u0113-\u0259n",
"\u02c8n(y)\u00fc-kl\u0113-\u0259n"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{
"1871, in the meaning defined at sense 1":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220710-065139"
},
"nuclear reaction":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": a process in which the nucleus of an atom is changed by being split apart or joined with the nucleus of another atom":[]
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220710-072237"
},
"nuclear fission":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": a process in which the nucleus of a heavy atom is split apart":[]
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220710-092837"
},
"nucleome":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": the entire nuclear content of a protoplast":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8n(y)\u00fckl\u0113\u02cc\u014dm"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"International Scientific Vocabulary nucle- + -ome ; originally formed as French nucl\u00e9ome":""
},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220710-124708"
},
"nucleination":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": the deposition of nucleic acids on the chromosomes during the stage of prophase coiling":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02ccn(y)\u00fckl\u0113\u0259\u02c8n\u0101sh\u0259n"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"nuclein + -ation":""
},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220710-125236"
},
"nuclear family":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": a family group that consists only of parents and children":[]
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"However, Jen's husband, Kevin, is perplexed by navigating loyalty to his profession, family, and the nuclear family . \u2014 Simone E. Morris, Forbes , 1 June 2022",
"An early cluster of monkeypox cases in London was among a nuclear family who lived in the same household. \u2014 Sony Salzman, ABC News , 24 May 2022",
"Protecting his father\u2019s ranch has put Kayce\u2019s own nuclear family in harm\u2019s way. \u2014 Brian Davids, The Hollywood Reporter , 22 Apr. 2022",
"My own nuclear family has also been expunged, a relief after years of disapproval. \u2014 Longreads , 20 Apr. 2022",
"Kaleo Grant, a 23-year-old middle-school assistant sports coach in Brooklyn, told me that three of these sects exist just within his nuclear family . \u2014 Katherine J. Wu, The Atlantic , 12 Apr. 2022",
"Much of the tax code is designed to benefit the Ozzie and Harriet nuclear family , where one spouse stays home and raises multiple children. \u2014 David Rae, Forbes , 21 Oct. 2021",
"Over the decades, the act of sleeping outside has served wildly varying ends: as a return to agrarian ideals, a means of survival, a rite of passage for the nuclear family , a route to self-improvement, and a form of First Amendment expression. \u2014 Dan Piepenbring, The New Yorker , 27 Apr. 2022",
"That was actually much more capacious than the American nuclear family . \u2014 Hua Hsu, The New Yorker , 10 Apr. 2022"
],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{
"1924, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220710-151209"
},
"nucleoplasm":{
"type":[
"adjective",
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": the protoplasm of a nucleus":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8n(y)\u00fc-kl\u0113-\u0259-\u02ccplaz-\u0259m",
"\u02c8n\u00fc-kl\u0113-\u0259-\u02ccpla-z\u0259m",
"\u02c8ny\u00fc-"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"International Scientific Vocabulary":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"1882, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220710-151830"
},
"nucleocapsid":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": the nucleic acid and surrounding protein coat in a virus":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02ccn\u00fc-kl\u0113-\u014d-\u02c8kap-s\u0259d",
"\u02ccny\u00fc-",
"\u02ccn(y)\u00fc-kl\u0113-\u014d-\u02c8kap-s\u0259d"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Since antigen tests generally target a part of the virus called the nucleocapsid , which saw fewer mutations in Omicron, test manufacturers and health authorities abroad say antigen tests should still work to detect many cases caused by the variant. \u2014 Alexander Tin, CBS News , 7 Jan. 2022",
"Soon-Shiong said that, if vaccines did not target the viral nucleocapsid , manufacturers would be playing an endless game of catch-up. \u2014 The New Yorker , 25 Oct. 2021",
"In addition to forming the helical nucleocapsid , N is reported to be required for packaging the viral into infectious particles. \u2014 William A. Haseltine, Forbes , 16 Sep. 2021",
"Two tests on the sample found the presence of the virus\u2019s spike protein and nucleocapsid , or protein shell. \u2014 Eric Sylvers, WSJ , 12 July 2021",
"Early in the pandemic, many commercial tests were designed to look for antibodies to a coronavirus protein called the nucleocapsid , or just N, because after infection, those antibodies were plentiful in the blood. \u2014 New York Times , 20 June 2021",
"Greninger and his colleagues found that a common nucleocapsid -hunting antigen test called the Sofia, made by Quidel, might not recognize a very small fraction of coronavirus variants, incorrectly marking infected samples as virus-free. \u2014 Katherine J. Wu, The Atlantic , 7 June 2021",
"But a shot that includes nucleocapsid makes for a pretty good insurance policy. \u2014 Katherine J. Wu, The Atlantic , 21 May 2021",
"Sadtler pointed out that the new study looks at antibodies against the virus\u2019s nucleocapsid , which wane faster than antibodies that target the virus\u2019s spike protein. \u2014 oregonlive , 17 Mar. 2021"
],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{
"1962, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220710-163304"
},
"nuclear":{
"type":[
"adjective"
],
"definitions":{
": of, relating to, or constituting a nucleus":[
"annexation of the suburban fringe by the nuclear metropolis",
"\u2014 W. H. Wickwar"
],
": of or relating to the atomic nucleus":[
"nuclear reaction",
"nuclear physics"
],
": used in or produced by a nuclear reaction (such as fission)":[
"nuclear fuel",
"nuclear waste",
"nuclear energy"
],
": being a weapon whose destructive power derives from an uncontrolled nuclear reaction":[],
": of, produced by, or involving nuclear weapons":[
"the nuclear age",
"nuclear war"
],
": armed with nuclear weapons":[
"nuclear powers"
],
": of, relating to, or powered by nuclear energy":[
"a nuclear submarine",
"the nuclear debate",
"a nuclear plant"
],
": to become wildly excited or upset : to go berserk":[
"To say the crowd went wild is an understatement. The crowd went nuclear . Outside the stadium, cars were overturned and fires were set. We sportswriters huddled inside, fearing for our lives.",
"\u2014 Tony Kornheiser"
]
},
"pronounciation":[
"nonstandard -ky\u0259-l\u0259r",
"\u02c8n(y)\u00fc-kl\u0113-\u0259r",
"\u02c8ny\u00fc-",
"\u02c8n\u00fc-kl\u0113-\u0259r"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Russia is, after all, a major nuclear power that includes weapons of mass destruction in its military doctrine for dealing with regional threats. \u2014 Loren Thompson, Forbes , 28 June 2022",
"Amid concerns North Korea could be preparing to conduct its first nuclear test in five years, South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol and President Biden agreed in May to deploy more US weapons if necessary. \u2014 Alexandra Meeks, CNN , 27 June 2022",
"In Berlin, Chancellor Olaf Scholz has refused to consider keeping the country\u2019s three nuclear power plants online. \u2014 New York Times , 23 June 2022",
"The allies are also closely monitoring signs of a possible new nuclear test in North Korea, which officials said is in the final stages of preparation and would be the first since 2017. \u2014 Min Joo Kim, Washington Post , 13 June 2022",
"South Korean Defence Minister Lee Jong-sup and Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin on Saturday condemned the North\u2019s ongoing military activities and preparations for a nuclear test as unacceptable provocations. \u2014 Reuters, NBC News , 11 June 2022",
"The exercise came during a visit to Seoul by Deputy Secretary of State Wendy Sherman, who promised a swift and forceful response if North Korea were to conduct a nuclear test, just as American and South Korean officials have warned of late. \u2014 Dasl Yoon, WSJ , 10 June 2022",
"The United States has vowed to push for additional international sanctions if North Korea conducts a nuclear test, but the prospects for meaningful new punitive measures are dim with the U.N. Security Council's permanent members divided. \u2014 Kim Tong-hyung, USA TODAY , 6 June 2022",
"Read full article North Korea may also soon conduct a nuclear test, according to US, South Korean and Japanese government officials in a meeting last week. \u2014 Sophie Jackman, BostonGlobe.com , 5 June 2022"
],
"history_and_etymology":{
"nucle(us) + -ar":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"1822, in the meaning defined at sense 1":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220710-175939"
},
"nuclear capability":{
"type":[
"idiom"
],
"definitions":{
": nuclear weapons":[
"The country does not have nuclear capability ."
]
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220710-180430"
},
"nuclear force":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": strong force":[]
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{
"1972, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220710-195605"
},
"nuclear fusion":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": a process in which the nuclei of atoms are joined":[]
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220710-200135"
},
"nucleometer":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": a sensitive counting device for nuclear particles":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02ccn(y)\u00fckl\u0113\u02c8\u00e4m\u0259t\u0259(r)"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"nucle- + -meter":""
},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220710-203634"
},
"nuclear winter":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": the chilling of climate that is hypothesized to be a consequence of nuclear war and to result from the prolonged blockage of sunlight by high-altitude dust clouds produced by nuclear explosions":[]
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"During nuclear winter , wild foods surviving in tropical forests will include baobab trees, mopane worms, and palm weevils. \u2014 Rafil Kroll-zaidi, Harper\u2019s Magazine , 22 June 2022",
"It would also be followed by a nuclear winter scenario, in which particles of dust and ash sent skyward would enter the upper atmosphere, blocking sunlight and lowering temperatures globally for several years. \u2014 Kyle Mizokami, Popular Mechanics , 22 Apr. 2022",
"Time for your weekly nuclear winter forecast: The likelihood of fallout has lessened somewhat, with chances of a full-scale nuclear war looking slim. \u2014 Jason Fields, The Week , 14 Apr. 2022",
"The show took place on a circular runway, emulating a post-apocalyptic, nuclear winter with the models strutting against artificial elements of snow, wind, and lightning, all while donning neo-futuristic looks from the collection. \u2014 Glenn Garner, PEOPLE.com , 6 Mar. 2022",
"The researchers are certain that the fish died within an hour of the asteroid strike, and not as a result of the massive wildfires or the nuclear winter that came in the days and months that followed. \u2014 Katie Hunt, CNN , 23 Feb. 2022",
"Grose herself remembers lying awake at night as a child worrying about nuclear winter . \u2014 Stephanie H. Murray, The Week , 25 Jan. 2022",
"With baseball entering its second month of a nuclear winter launched by a Dec. 2 lockout by owners, all transactions involving players have been frozen. \u2014 Dan Schlossberg, Forbes , 4 Jan. 2022",
"The impact would have thrown trillions of tons of dust into the atmosphere, blocking the sunlight and causing a worldwide nuclear winter , leading to the collapse of entire ecosystems. \u2014 David Bressan, Forbes , 9 Dec. 2021"
],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{
"1983, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220710-211735"
},
"nuclear-free":{
"type":[
"adjective"
],
"definitions":{
": not having or allowing nuclear energy, weapons, or materials":[
"a nuclear-free zone/area"
]
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220710-211802"
},
"nucleophilic":{
"type":[
"adjective",
"adverb",
"noun",
"noun,"
],
"definitions":{
": having an affinity for atomic nuclei : being an electron donor":[],
": involving a nucleophilic species":[
"a nucleophilic reaction"
],
"\u2014 compare electrophilic":[
"a nucleophilic reaction"
]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02ccn(y)\u00fc-kl\u0113-\u0259-\u02c8fil-ik",
"\u02ccn\u00fc-kl\u0113-\u0259-\u02c8fi-lik",
"\u02ccny\u00fc-"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{
"1933, in the meaning defined at sense 1":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220710-212034"
},
"nucleoloid":{
"type":[
"adjective"
],
"definitions":{
": resembling a nucleolus":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"n(y)\u00fc\u02c8kl\u0113\u0259\u02ccl\u022fid"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"nucleol- + -oid":""
},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220710-221110"
},
"nuclear bomb":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": atom bomb sense 2":[]
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220710-234914"
},
"nuclear fuel":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": fuel sense 1c":[]
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220710-235004"
},
"nucleolocentrosome":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": nucleocentrosome":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"n(y)\u00fc\u00a6kl\u0113\u0259\u02ccl\u014d+"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"International Scientific Vocabulary nucleol- + centrosome ; probably originally formed as German nucleolozentrosom":""
},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220711-015518"
},
"nucleophile":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": a nucleophilic substance (such as an electron-donating reagent)":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8ny\u00fc-",
"\u02c8n(y)\u00fc-kl\u0113-\u0259-\u02ccf\u012bl",
"\u02c8n\u00fc-kl\u0113-\u0259-\u02ccf\u012b(-\u0259)l"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{
"1943, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220711-070403"
},
"nuclear exclusion clause":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": a clause in a fire or similar insurance policy excluding loss from nuclear reaction or from nuclear radiation or radioactive contamination":[]
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220711-081356"
},
"nucleocentrosome":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": an intranuclear division center (as in some protozoans)":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u00a6n(y)\u00fckl\u0113\u02cc\u014d+"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"nucle- + centrosome":""
},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220711-110647"
},
"nuclearism":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": dependence on or faith in nuclear weapons as the means for maintaining national security":[]
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{
"1960, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220711-113138"
},
"nuclear cycle":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": the cyclic nuclear changes (as between haplophase and diplophase) characteristic of the life cycles of various fungi and algae and occurring in many without accompanying marked changes in form and mode of life":[]
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220711-123911"
},
"nucleon":{
"type":[
"adjective",
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": a proton or neutron especially in the atomic nucleus":[],
": a hypothetical single entity with one-half unit of isospin that can manifest itself as either a proton or a neutron":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8n(y)\u00fc-kl\u0113-\u02cc\u00e4n",
"\u02c8n\u00fc-kl\u0113-\u02cc\u00e4n",
"\u02c8ny\u00fc-"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Her model explained why certain numbers of nucleons make for stable atomic configurations. \u2014 Courtney Linder, Popular Mechanics , 25 Feb. 2020",
"Her model explained why certain numbers of nucleons make for stable atomic configurations. \u2014 Courtney Linder, Popular Mechanics , 25 Feb. 2020",
"Her model explained why certain numbers of nucleons make for stable atomic configurations. \u2014 Courtney Linder, Popular Mechanics , 25 Feb. 2020",
"Her model explained why certain numbers of nucleons make for stable atomic configurations. \u2014 Courtney Linder, Popular Mechanics , 25 Feb. 2020",
"The isotope is created by a nuclear reaction, and the research team believes the nucleus wobbles because of one extra nucleon . \u2014 Caroline Delbert, Popular Mechanics , 12 Feb. 2020",
"Plenty of nuclei have odd numbers of nucleons overall, but this gold isotope is a rare one because of the wobbling. \u2014 Caroline Delbert, Popular Mechanics , 12 Feb. 2020",
"Oxygen atoms, for example, have eight protons, but may have eight or ten neutrons, for a total of 16 or 18 nucleons . \u2014 The Economist , 1 Aug. 2019",
"Atomic nuclei are made of protons and neutrons, known collectively as nucleons . \u2014 The Economist , 1 Aug. 2019"
],
"history_and_etymology":{
"International Scientific Vocabulary":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"1923, in the meaning defined at sense 1":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220711-143609"
},
"nuclear spindle":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": the spindle-shaped figure that is formed in mitosis":[]
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220711-175117"
},
"nuclear emulsion":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": a photographic emulsion for recording the track of a nucleon or other ionizing particle as a definite arrangement of developed silver grains":[]
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220711-181530"
},
"nucleolinus":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": a differentiated body within a nucleolus":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02ccn(y)\u00fckl\u0113\u014d\u02c8l\u012bn\u0259s"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"New Latin, diminutive of nucleolus":""
},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220711-185433"
},
"nucleal reaction":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": feulgen reaction":[]
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220711-192035"
},
"nuclear energy":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": energy that is created by splitting apart the nuclei of atoms":[]
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220711-210126"
},
"nucleal":{
"type":[
"adjective"
],
"definitions":{
": nuclear":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8n(y)\u00fckl\u0113\u0259l"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"International Scientific Vocabulary nucle- + -al ; originally formed as French nucl\u00e9al":""
},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220711-223504"
},
"nucleonics":{
"type":[
"noun, plural in form but singular or plural in construction"
],
"definitions":{
": a branch of physical science that deals with nucleons or with all phenomena of the atomic nucleus":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02ccn\u00fc-kl\u0113-\u02c8\u00e4-niks",
"\u02ccn(y)\u00fc-kl\u0113-\u02c8\u00e4n-iks",
"\u02ccny\u00fc-"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{
"1937, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220711-232128"
},
"nucle-":{
"type":[
"combining form"
],
"definitions":{
": nucleus":[
"nucleo plasm"
],
": nucleic acid":[
"nucleo protein"
]
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"French nucl\u00e9-, nucl\u00e9o- , from New Latin nucleus":""
},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220712-003221"
},
"nucleons":{
"type":[
"adjective",
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": a proton or neutron especially in the atomic nucleus":[],
": a hypothetical single entity with one-half unit of isospin that can manifest itself as either a proton or a neutron":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8n(y)\u00fc-kl\u0113-\u02cc\u00e4n",
"\u02c8n\u00fc-kl\u0113-\u02cc\u00e4n",
"\u02c8ny\u00fc-"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Her model explained why certain numbers of nucleons make for stable atomic configurations. \u2014 Courtney Linder, Popular Mechanics , 25 Feb. 2020",
"Her model explained why certain numbers of nucleons make for stable atomic configurations. \u2014 Courtney Linder, Popular Mechanics , 25 Feb. 2020",
"Her model explained why certain numbers of nucleons make for stable atomic configurations. \u2014 Courtney Linder, Popular Mechanics , 25 Feb. 2020",
"Her model explained why certain numbers of nucleons make for stable atomic configurations. \u2014 Courtney Linder, Popular Mechanics , 25 Feb. 2020",
"The isotope is created by a nuclear reaction, and the research team believes the nucleus wobbles because of one extra nucleon . \u2014 Caroline Delbert, Popular Mechanics , 12 Feb. 2020",
"Plenty of nuclei have odd numbers of nucleons overall, but this gold isotope is a rare one because of the wobbling. \u2014 Caroline Delbert, Popular Mechanics , 12 Feb. 2020",
"Oxygen atoms, for example, have eight protons, but may have eight or ten neutrons, for a total of 16 or 18 nucleons . \u2014 The Economist , 1 Aug. 2019",
"Atomic nuclei are made of protons and neutrons, known collectively as nucleons . \u2014 The Economist , 1 Aug. 2019"
],
"history_and_etymology":{
"International Scientific Vocabulary":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"1923, in the meaning defined at sense 1":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220712-010416"
},
"nuciform":{
"type":[
"adjective"
],
"definitions":{
": like a nut in shape":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8n(y)\u00fcs\u0259\u02ccf\u022frm"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"French nuciforme , from nuc- (from Latin nuc-, nux nut) + -iforme -iform":""
},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220712-013229"
},
"nuche fly":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": human botfly":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8n\u00fcch\u0101-"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"nuche from American Spanish":""
},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220712-025904"
},
"nuchal":{
"type":[
"adjective"
],
"definitions":{
": of, relating to, or lying in the region of the nape":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8ny\u00fc-",
"\u02c8n(y)\u00fc-k\u0259l",
"\u02c8n\u00fc-k\u0259l"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"The 12-14 week ultrasound includes a screening test for Down syndrome and other chromosome abnormalities called the nuchal translucency test. \u2014 Anna Nowogrodzki, New York Times , 17 Apr. 2020"
],
"history_and_etymology":{
"Medieval Latin nucha nape, from Arabic nukh\u0101\u02bd spinal marrow":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"1833, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220712-054551"
},
"nucha":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": spinal cord":[],
": nape":[],
": the hind part of the thorax of an insect bearing the petiole of the abdomen":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8n(y)\u00fck\u0259"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"Medieval Latin, nape, from Arabic nukh\u0101\u02bd spinal marrow":""
},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220712-084035"
},
"nucellus":{
"type":[
"adjective",
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": the central and chief part of a plant ovule that encloses the female gametophyte":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"n\u00fc-\u02c8se-l\u0259s",
"ny\u00fc-"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"New Latin, from Latin nucella small nut, from nuc-, nux nut \u2014 more at nut":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"1882, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220712-122901"
},
"nucament":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": catkin":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8n(y)\u00fck\u0259m\u0259nt"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"Latin nucamenta fir cones, literally, things shaped like nuts, from nuca- (from nuc-, nux nut) + -menta , plural of -mentum -ment":""
},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220712-125432"
},
"nucleocytoplasmic ratio":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": the more or less constant proportionality between the volume of nucleus and cytoplasm characteristic of any given type of cell":[]
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220712-172337"
},
"nucleogenesis":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": nucleosynthesis":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\"+"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"New Latin, from nucle- + genesis":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"1952, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220712-181659"
},
"nucleogony":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": nuclear division accompanied by cytoplasmic growth but not by cell division":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02ccn(y)\u00fckl\u0113\u02c8\u00e4g\u0259n\u0113"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"nucle- + -gony":""
},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220712-192020"
},
"nucleole":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": nucleolus":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8n(y)\u00fckl\u0113\u02cc\u014dl"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"New Latin nucleolus":""
},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220712-192534"
},
"nucleolated":{
"type":[
"adjective"
],
"definitions":{
": having a nucleolus or nucleoli":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"n(y)\u00fc\u02c8kl\u0113\u0259\u02ccl\u0101t\u0259d",
"\u02c8n(y)\u00fckl\u0113\u0259\u02cc-"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"nucleolated from New Latin nucleol us + English -ate + -ed; nucleolate International Scientific Vocabulary nucleol- + -ate":""
},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220712-194748"
},
"nucleoli":{
"type":[
"adjective",
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": a spherical body of the nucleus of most eukaryotes that becomes enlarged during protein synthesis, is associated with a nucleolus organizer, and contains the DNA templates for ribosomal RNA \u2014 see cell illustration":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"n(y)\u00fc-\u02c8kl\u0113-\u0259-l\u0259s",
"n\u00fc-\u02c8kl\u0113-\u0259-l\u0259s",
"ny\u00fc-"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"In 2012, Brangwynne and colleagues saw similar fluid features in the nucleolus , a dense mix of proteins, RNA, and DNA that manufactures ribosomes, the cell\u2019s protein factories. \u2014 Mitch Leslie, Science | AAAS , 21 Jan. 2021",
"More membraneless structures continued to be found, such as the nucleolus , a dense structure in the cell nucleus. \u2014 Quanta Magazine , 26 Nov. 2018",
"But there\u2019s more to the nucleolus than just making ribosomes. \u2014 Joanna Klein, New York Times , 20 May 2018"
],
"history_and_etymology":{
"New Latin, from Latin, diminutive of nucleus":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"1839, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220712-201339"
},
"nucleoid":{
"type":[
"adjective",
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": the DNA-containing area of a prokaryotic cell (such as a bacterium)":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8ny\u00fc-",
"\u02c8n\u00fc-kl\u0113-\u02cc\u022fid",
"\u02c8n(y)\u00fc-kl\u0113-\u02cc\u022fid"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{},
"first_known_use":{
"1938, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220712-202513"
},
"nucleol-":{
"type":[
"combining form"
],
"definitions":{
": nucleolus":[
"nucleolo centrosome",
"nucleol oid"
]
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"International Scientific Vocabulary, from New Latin nucleolus":""
},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220712-224128"
}
}