dict_dl/en_merriam_webster/ci_mw.json

{
  "CIP":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      "Cataloging in Publication":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{},
    "history_and_etymology":{},
    "pronounciation":[],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-094236",
    "type":[
      "abbreviation"
    ]
  },
  "Cimmerian":{
    "antonyms":[
      "bright",
      "cheerful",
      "cheering",
      "cheery",
      "comforting",
      "cordial",
      "festive",
      "friendly",
      "gay",
      "heartwarming",
      "sunshiny"
    ],
    "definitions":{
      ": any of a mythical people described by Homer as dwelling in a remote realm of mist and gloom":[],
      ": very dark or gloomy":[
        "under ebon shades \u2026 in dark Cimmerian desert ever dwell",
        "\u2014 John Milton"
      ]
    },
    "examples":[
      "Adjective",
      "a wealthy recluse who lived in Cimmerian isolation in a decaying Victorian mansion"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1580, in the meaning defined above":"Adjective",
      "1584, in the meaning defined above":"Noun"
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "Latin Cimmerii , a mythical people, from Greek Kimmerioi":"Noun"
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "s\u0259-\u02c8mir-\u0113-\u0259n"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[
      "black",
      "bleak",
      "cheerless",
      "chill",
      "cloudy",
      "cold",
      "comfortless",
      "dark",
      "darkening",
      "depressing",
      "depressive",
      "desolate",
      "dire",
      "disconsolate",
      "dismal",
      "drear",
      "dreary",
      "dreich",
      "elegiac",
      "elegiacal",
      "forlorn",
      "funereal",
      "gloomy",
      "glum",
      "godforsaken",
      "gray",
      "grey",
      "lonely",
      "lonesome",
      "lugubrious",
      "miserable",
      "morbid",
      "morose",
      "murky",
      "plutonian",
      "saturnine",
      "sepulchral",
      "solemn",
      "somber",
      "sombre",
      "sullen",
      "sunless",
      "tenebrific",
      "tenebrous",
      "wretched"
    ],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220706-174353",
    "type":[
      "adjective",
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "Cincinnatus":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      "Lucius Quinctius born circa 519 b.c. Roman general and statesman":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{},
    "history_and_etymology":{},
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02ccsin(t)-s\u0259-\u02c8na-t\u0259s",
      "-\u02c8n\u0101-"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220706-131652",
    "type":[
      "biographical name"
    ]
  },
  "Cinclus":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": a genus of oscine birds (family Cinclidae) consisting of the dippers":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{},
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "New Latin, from Greek kinklos , a kind of bird":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02c8si\u014bkl\u0259s"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-040808",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "Cinco de Mayo":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": a Mexican and Mexican-American celebration held on May 5 in commemoration of the Mexican victory over the French at Puebla in 1862":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1931, in the meaning defined above":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "Spanish, fifth of May":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02ccsi\u014b-k\u014d-d\u0259-\u02c8m\u012b-\u014d",
      "\u02ccs\u0113\u014b-k\u014d-t\u035fh\u0101-\u02c8m\u00e4-y\u014d"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-051740",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "Cinderella":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": one resembling the fairy-tale Cinderella: such as":[],
      ": one suddenly lifted from obscurity to honor or significance":[],
      ": one suffering undeserved neglect":[]
    },
    "examples":[
      "a company that is the Cinderella of the computer industry",
      "The team is the Cinderella of the tournament."
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1840, in the meaning defined above":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "after Cinderella , fairy-tale heroine who is used as a drudge by her stepmother but ends up married to a prince":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02ccsin-d\u0259-\u02c8re-l\u0259"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220706-133553",
    "type":[
      "adjective",
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "Cithaeron":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      "mountain 4623 feet (1409 meters) high in Greece on the northwestern border of ancient Attica":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{},
    "history_and_etymology":{},
    "pronounciation":[
      "s\u0259-\u02c8th\u0113-\u02ccr\u00e4n"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-040037",
    "type":[
      "geographical name"
    ]
  },
  "Citharexylum":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": a genus of tropical American trees and shrubs (family Verbenaceae) often cultivated for their small panicled flowers and berrylike drupes seated in the persistent calyx":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{},
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "New Latin, from cithare- (irregular from Latin cithara ) + -xylum":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02ccsith\u0259\u02c8reks\u0259l\u0259m"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-093034",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "Citheronia":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": a genus (the type of the family Citheroniidae ) including the regal moth and certain other large moths":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{},
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "New Latin, from Citheron, Cithaeron , mountain in Boeotia (from Latin, from Greek Kithair\u014dn ) + New Latin -ia":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02ccsith\u0259\u02c8r\u014dny\u0259"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220706-130959",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "Citigradae":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": a group comprising running spiders that chase their prey and including the wolf spiders and related forms":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{},
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "New Latin, from citi- (from Latin citus swift) + -gradae (nominative plural feminine of -gradus -grade)":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "s\u0259\u0307\u02c8tigr\u0259\u02ccd\u0113"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220708-124753",
    "type":[
      "adjective or noun",
      "plural noun"
    ]
  },
  "cinch":{
    "antonyms":[
      "assure",
      "ensure",
      "guarantee",
      "guaranty",
      "ice",
      "insure",
      "secure"
    ],
    "definitions":{
      ": a certainty to happen":[
        "it's a cinch he'll break the record"
      ],
      ": a strap that holds a saddle on a horse":[],
      ": a thing done with ease":[
        "Getting reelected would be a cinch for him."
      ],
      ": a tight grip":[],
      ": to fasten (something, such as a belt or strap) tightly":[
        "He cinched his belt tight."
      ],
      ": to make certain : assure":[
        "the goal that cinched the victory"
      ],
      ": to put a cinch on":[
        "cinch a horse"
      ],
      ": to tighten the cinch":[
        "\u2014 often used with up cinched up before mounting his horse"
      ]
    },
    "examples":[
      "Noun",
      "This recipe is a cinch .",
      "This dish is a cinch to make.",
      "Verb",
      "The coat is cinched at the waist.",
      "The rider cinched the saddle.",
      "The candidate cinched the nomination by winning the major primary elections.",
      "The home run cinched the victory.",
      "Recent Examples on the Web: Noun",
      "The keychain is a cinch for connecting to backpacks, belt loops or of course, keys. \u2014 Karla Pope, Woman's Day , 4 May 2022",
      "Our top performers air fried food to a crispy texture with a moist interior and were a cinch to use with large, easy-to-read controls that barely required the owner\u2019s manual. \u2014 Nicole Papantoniou, Good Housekeeping , 12 May 2022",
      "One of the lightest, most effective methods is cinch \u2013able elastic shock cords woven across the back panel. \u2014 Peter Koch, Outside Online , 10 May 2020",
      "Switching things up should be a cinch with travel dresses. \u2014 Karla Pope, Woman's Day , 24 May 2022",
      "Don\u2019t make the mistake of thinking that all above-ground pools are a cinch to take care of in comparison to an in-ground pool. \u2014 Rachel Klein, Popular Mechanics , 9 May 2022",
      "With the Yankees\u2019 domineering bullpen, the rest of the game was a cinch . \u2014 Matthew Roberson, Hartford Courant , 28 Apr. 2022",
      "Taking a piece down a few sizes will be a cinch in the right hands and, depending on the cut of the dress and its historical value, Kaizer would cast an even wider net. \u2014 Mackenzie Wagoner, Vogue , 22 Apr. 2022",
      "Plus, carrying the tote bag is a cinch thanks to the 9-inch drop shoulder handle and the adjustable crossbody strap. \u2014 Brittany Vanderbill, PEOPLE.com , 14 Apr. 2022",
      "Recent Examples on the Web: Verb",
      "Klay Thompson has been busy with more than helping the Warriors cinch the NBA championship. \u2014 Matthias Gafni, San Francisco Chronicle , 20 June 2022",
      "Her matching skirt was made of the same holographic, metallic material and featured a sporty wrap-skort tie detailing to cinch the mini at her waist. \u2014 Seventeen , 14 June 2022",
      "On Tuesday, Hamm will compete to place among the top two candidates in California, and Audrey Trujillo, who is running unopposed in New Mexico, will cinch her GOP nomination. \u2014 Alexandra Berzon, BostonGlobe.com , 5 June 2022",
      "The relaxed-fit jacket features a drawcord to cinch your waist and add shape to the look. \u2014 Raena Loper, Good Housekeeping , 22 Apr. 2022",
      "It's designed with a deep V-neck, a ribbon that can be used to cinch the dress at your waist, and it's finished off with a back zipper closure. \u2014 Amy Schulman, PEOPLE.com , 6 May 2022",
      "Over time, the strap may naturally stretch, prompting you to cinch it tighter and tighter around your waist. \u2014 Rebecca Carhart, Travel + Leisure , 21 Apr. 2022",
      "His group, Bandit, created a product that can cinch the waist of shorts or pants to help people achieve the perfect fit. \u2014 Megan Rodriguez, San Antonio Express-News , 15 Apr. 2022",
      "This go-to gesture of peace and accord, used to cinch deals, bless the start of high-level meetings, and congratulate victors has been a mainstay of the Western World for well over 2,000 years. \u2014 Bernhard Warner, Fortune , 9 Feb. 2022"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1859, in the meaning defined at sense 1":"Noun",
      "1866, in the meaning defined at transitive sense 1a":"Verb"
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "Spanish cincha , from Latin cingula girdle, girth, from cingere \u2014 more at cincture":"Noun and Verb"
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02c8sinch"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[
      "breeze",
      "cake",
      "cakewalk",
      "child's play",
      "cream puff",
      "duck soup",
      "kid stuff",
      "picnic",
      "pushover",
      "roses",
      "snap"
    ],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-075516",
    "type":[
      "noun",
      "verb"
    ]
  },
  "cinct":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": engirdled":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{},
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "Middle English cincte , from Latin cinctus":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02c8si\u014b(k)t"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220706-221454",
    "type":[
      "adjective"
    ]
  },
  "cincture":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": an encircling area":[],
      ": the act of encircling":[]
    },
    "examples":[
      "wrapped a cincture around the dress as a stylish accessory",
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "Other designers have followed suit, as well: For Spring 2018 Men\u2019s, Prada used the hyper-functional cincture for a double-belt styling moment. \u2014 Alexandra Gurvitch, Vogue , 21 Aug. 2017"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1587, in the meaning defined at sense 1":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "Latin cinctura girdle, from cinctus , past participle of cingere to gird; probably akin to Sanskrit k\u0101\u00f1c\u012b girdle":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02c8si\u014b(k)-ch\u0259r"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[
      "belt",
      "ceinture",
      "cummerbund",
      "cumberbund",
      "girdle",
      "sash",
      "self-belt"
    ],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220706-194517",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "cinder":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": a fragment of ash":[],
      ": a fragment of lava from an erupting volcano":[],
      ": a hot coal without flame":[],
      ": a partly burned coal capable of further burning without flame":[],
      ": a partly burned combustible in which fire is extinct":[],
      ": ashes":[],
      ": the slag from a metal furnace : dross":[]
    },
    "examples":[
      "Cinders from the campfire floated through the air.",
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "After being vaccinated, the migrants were instructed to sit outside cinder -block cells that can each hold dozens of adults. \u2014 Camilo Montoya-galvez, CBS News , 19 May 2022",
      "Outside a small two-story home, Russian soldiers had constructed a makeshift checkpoint from pallets, cinder blocks, and empty ammunition boxes. \u2014 Luke Mogelson, The New Yorker , 2 May 2022",
      "Now, Lincoln Street has a handful of homes, the low-slung cinder -block town hall, two churches and just one storefront, Bates Barbecue. \u2014 Washington Post , 1 Apr. 2022",
      "On a recent afternoon, Soares and two other pastors drove through the narrow alleys of the sprawling Complexo do Alemao slum, winding past cinder -block homes riddled with bullet holes. \u2014 Ana Ionova, Los Angeles Times , 28 Mar. 2022",
      "More than 65,000 people are estimated to live in Los Laureles Canyon, an unpermitted neighborhood of pink, orange and teal homes, many of which are built out of garage doors and cinder blocks. \u2014 San Diego Union-Tribune , 23 Apr. 2022",
      "The park was formed, in part, by nearby cinder cones that erupted from around 1.4 million years ago to as recently as 27,000 years ago, according to the park\u2019s website. \u2014 Kaitlyn Bancroft, The Salt Lake Tribune , 31 Aug. 2021",
      "There is one oak whose trunk has grown around cinder blocks. \u2014 Imani Perry, Smithsonian Magazine , 24 Feb. 2022",
      "Baghdadi\u2019s dramatic end occurred just 15 miles from the three-story cinder -block house in the farming community of Atma, Syria, that became Qurayshi\u2019s headquarters and final residence. \u2014 Washington Post , 10 Feb. 2022"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "before the 12th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "Middle English sinder , from Old English; akin to Old High German sintar dross, slag, Serbian & Croatian sedra calcium carbonate":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02c8sin-d\u0259r"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-113230",
    "type":[
      "adjective",
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "cinder block":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": a hollow rectangular building block made of cement and coal cinders":[]
    },
    "examples":[
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "Along narrow lanes, one- and two-story houses lie half-hidden behind cinder block walls. \u2014 New York Times , 24 May 2022",
      "Chain-link fences have been replaced with cinder block walls. \u2014 From Usa Today Network And Wire Reports, USA TODAY , 19 May 2022",
      "In a quiet suburb of Bamako, Ami Walet Idrissa and Bintou Walet Abdou, both 22, chatted in Ami\u2019s house, its rough cinder block walls heating in the sun. \u2014 New York Times , 14 Apr. 2022",
      "Onstage the rigging crew bangs pipes, drills into cinder block , and catches clanking chains descending from the rafters. \u2014 Chloe Malle, Vogue , 5 Apr. 2022",
      "According to Neal, the two had broken through cinder block , climbed into a pipe chase and knocked a hole through concrete on the back wall to exit the jail. \u2014 Lori Dunn, Arkansas Online , 23 Mar. 2022",
      "But their presence was not enough to deter the late-night raid on the house last week in Syria\u2019s northern Idlib province, a three-floor cinder block building surrounded by olive trees. \u2014 Washington Post , 10 Feb. 2022",
      "Ukrainian soldiers run alongside the civilians to help them and then return to take cover behind a cinder block wall. \u2014 New York Times , 6 Mar. 2022",
      "Greene hopes to draw a window into the world of the prison \u2013 into lives lived surrounded by cinder block walls \u2013 by highlighting the work being done to transcend those walls. \u2014 courant.com , 28 Jan. 2022"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1922, in the meaning defined above":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{},
    "pronounciation":[],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-094308",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "cinder concrete":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": portland-cement concrete in which clean well-burned coal cinders are used as coarse aggregate":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{},
    "history_and_etymology":{},
    "pronounciation":[],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-025808",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "cinder cone":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": a conical hill formed by the accumulation of volcanic debris around a vent \u2014 see volcano illustration":[]
    },
    "examples":[
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "The monument, which occupies 3,040 acres and is surrounded by Coconino National Forest, is centered around a cinder cone that is the youngest volcano of the largest volcanic field in the contiguous United States. \u2014 New York Times , 24 Apr. 2022",
      "Lava Butte, a cinder cone formed by a volcanic eruption thousands of years ago that is now home to a ranger observation post and offers sweeping views of the forest and a first-hand reminder of the geologic history of the region. \u2014 Sunset Magazine , 29 Apr. 2022",
      "The terrain is exceedingly flat, punctuated only by the intermittent dry arroyo, rocky hill or volcanic cinder cone . \u2014 Matt Stirn, Smithsonian Magazine , 31 Mar. 2022",
      "My earliest memory of skiing deep powder, at age five or six, was on the cinder cone at Bachelor, which had no lift. \u2014 Rachel Kushner, Harper\u2019s Magazine , 16 Mar. 2022",
      "At the base of the cinder cone was a crown of low evergreens. \u2014 Rachel Kushner, Harper\u2019s Magazine , 16 Mar. 2022",
      "When a cinder cone erupts, the ground shakes as magma rises. \u2014 CNN , 16 Feb. 2022",
      "Hike to the top of a cinder cone , walk along a historic ranch road to see tree molds and lava flows from 1868, or bike through scenic pastures for some of the best panoramic views of the area. \u2014 Catherine Toth Fox, Outside Online , 9 Mar. 2020",
      "It\u2019s made from material found on the Pu\u2019u Nene cinder cone volcano in Hawaii. \u2014 New York Times , 28 Dec. 2021"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1849, in the meaning defined above":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{},
    "pronounciation":[],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220706-172148",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "cinder dick":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": a railroad police officer or special agent":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{},
    "history_and_etymology":{},
    "pronounciation":[],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-071119",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "cine":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": motion picture":[]
    },
    "examples":[
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "How many millennial cine -memoirs does the world need? \u2014 Peter Debruge, Variety , 14 June 2022",
      "Keep an eye out for the museum\u2019s special events, such as cine -concerts, where silent films are paired with live music. \u2014 Christina Liao, Vogue , 21 Aug. 2017",
      "This July marks the two-year anniversary of Filmfront, a cine club and artists\u2019 studio in Pilsen. \u2014 Ben Sachs, Chicago Reader , 30 June 2017"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1920, in the meaning defined above":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "probably from French cin\u00e9 , short for cin\u00e9ma cinema":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02c8si-n\u0113"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220706-125237",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "cineast":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{},
    "examples":[
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "WIRED: Selection and recommendations for the Sundance-savvy cineast . \u2014 Wired Staff, WIRED , 1 May 2004"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1926, in the meaning defined above":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "French cin\u00e9aste , from cin\u00e9 + -aste (as in enthousiaste enthusiast)":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "-n\u0113-\u0259st",
      "\u02c8si-n\u0113-\u02ccast"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220706-225415",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "cinedance":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": a dance composition or performance especially devised for motion-picture photography":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{},
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "cine- + dance":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220706-194348",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "cinefluorogram":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": a motion picture produced by cinefluorography":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{},
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "cine- + fluorogram":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u00a6sin\u0259\u0307+"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220706-165027",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "cinema":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": a motion-picture theater":[],
      ": motion picture":[
        "\u2014 usually used attributively"
      ],
      ": the art or technique of making motion pictures":[]
    },
    "examples":[
      "a student of French cinema",
      "We drove by the cinema to see what was playing.",
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "Longtime Castro Theatre organ player David Hegarty got a scare earlier this year, when Another Planet Entertainment took over operations of the 100-year-old cinema and the future seemed unclear. \u2014 Total Sf Podcast, San Francisco Chronicle , 24 June 2022",
      "At the cinema , Pete's Pops will occupy a mid-century ticket booth walk-up stand at 334 E. Silver Spring Drive, the company announced Tuesday. \u2014 Alex Groth, Journal Sentinel , 15 June 2022",
      "Its vision of the cinema as a living incarnation of a crucial historical moment is, itself, historic. \u2014 Richard Brody, The New Yorker , 10 June 2022",
      "The cinema this year is slowly turning into Harry's (Second) House. \u2014 Nick Romano, EW.com , 9 June 2022",
      "Film lovers feared that the cinema would become the latest victim of business pressures from the COVID-19 pandemic. \u2014 Ryan Faughnder, Los Angeles Times , 26 May 2022",
      "In the 12-person cinema , red Porsche leather armchairs are mirrored in the leather ceiling panels. \u2014 Julia Zaltzman, Robb Report , 20 May 2022",
      "The panorama also suggests an awareness of sequential photography and even the newly popular cinema . \u2014 William C. Agee, WSJ , 20 May 2022",
      "Does the cinema have room for two art-house donkey movies in its repertoire? \u2014 Jordan Mintzer, The Hollywood Reporter , 19 May 2022"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1909, in the meaning defined at sense 1a":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "short for cinematograph":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02c8si-n\u0259-m\u0259",
      "British also -\u02ccm\u00e4"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[
      "big screen",
      "film",
      "filmdom",
      "filmland",
      "filmmaking",
      "movie",
      "moviemaking",
      "pictures",
      "screen",
      "silver screen"
    ],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220706-224600",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "cinemagoer":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": moviegoer":[]
    },
    "examples":[
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "Doctor Sleep Inexplicably shunned by cinemagoers , director Mike Flanagan\u2019s movie is both a handsome sequel to Kubrick\u2019s The Shining and very much own its own deliciously weird thing. \u2014 Clark Collis, EW.com , 23 Dec. 2019",
      "Richard Stanley\u2018s new horror film, the Nicolas Cage-starring Color Out of Space, is currently warping the minds of cinemagoers around the country. \u2014 Clark Collis, EW.com , 28 Jan. 2020",
      "Further evidence that the taste of cinemagoers is changing comes when Wan and Whannell recombine and score a hit with the ghost tale Insidious, released April 1. \u2014 Clark Collis, EW.com , 29 Jan. 2020",
      "That movie reunited the stars of the previous movie \u2014 Brendan Fraser, Rachel Weisz, John Hannah, Arnold Vosloo, \u2014 while also introducing cinemagoers to Dwayne Johnson, who made his movie debut as The Scorpion King. \u2014 Clark Collis, EW.com , 24 July 2019",
      "The opening of the controversial movie was accompanied by false bomb threats to theaters and evacuations of cinemagoers . \u2014 Nick Holdsworth, The Hollywood Reporter , 30 Oct. 2017",
      "A cinemagoer can't ask for much more than that, and over and over Demme delivered. \u2014 Corey Atad, Esquire , 26 Apr. 2017"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1913, in the meaning defined above":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{},
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02c8si-n\u0259-m\u0259-\u02ccg\u014d-\u0259r"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220706-235445",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "cinematheque":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": a small movie house specializing in avant-garde films":[]
    },
    "examples":[
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "The Fullerton Avenue cinematheque managed to weather an approximate 50 percent drop in revenue during the worst of the 2020 pandemic closures. \u2014 Michael Phillips, chicagotribune.com , 22 Dec. 2020",
      "While at boarding school Tavernier eagerly gobbled up films at small cinematheques with names like the California, the Florida, the Far West. \u2014 Michael Phillips, chicagotribune.com , 6 July 2017",
      "Why clutter your shelves with special editions of last year\u2019s blockbusters when a whole mobile cinematheque is a few clicks and swipes away? \u2014 A. O. Scott And Manohla Dargis, New York Times , 29 Apr. 2016"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1965, in the meaning defined above":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "French cin\u00e9math\u00e8que film library, from cin\u00e9ma + -th\u00e8que (as in biblioth\u00e8que library)":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02ccsi-n\u0259-m\u0259-\u02c8tek"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-013607",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "cinematic":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": filmed and presented as a motion picture":[
        "cinematic fantasies",
        "a cinematic adaptation of a novel"
      ],
      ": of, relating to, suggestive of, or suitable for motion pictures or the filming of motion pictures":[
        "cinematic principles and techniques",
        "cinematic special effects"
      ]
    },
    "examples":[
      "a director who has produced some great cinematic moments",
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "One of the silver linings of the pandemic shows was talking about the writing staff more as part of the show\u2019s cinematic universe. \u2014 Michael Schneider, Variety , 22 June 2022",
      "The Suicide Squad, which left the door wide open for more adventures in DC\u2019s cinematic universe for Robbie. \u2014 Jacob Siegal, BGR , 14 June 2022",
      "The scene where Hanna and McCauley disclose their own stringent ideologies over a cup of coffee is the first sequence in cinematic history where the two iconic actors share the screen together. \u2014 Antonio Ferme, Variety , 18 June 2022",
      "The original story, structured more like a single cinematic act than an entire film, has been expanded to include more information about both the imprisoned man, Jeff, and his fellow inmates. \u2014 Josh St. Clair, Men's Health , 18 June 2022",
      "Looking for visual thrills, Kosinski wastes the enormous cinematic potential of both of the story\u2019s important drugs: a love potion and Darkenfloxx\u2122. \u2014 Bonnie Johnson, Los Angeles Times , 17 June 2022",
      "Led by Patton Oswalt\u2019s superb voice work as Remy, the unlikeliest chef in France, Bird\u2019s gorgeous animation and moving sentiment serve up the perfect recipe of cinematic comfort food. \u2014 Ben Flanagan | Bflanagan@al.com, al , 17 June 2022",
      "Beaming, Luhrmann welcomed them all to the stage one by one before the 159-minute cinematic extravaganza began. \u2014 Lilah Ramzi, Vogue , 16 June 2022",
      "To withstand this much scrutiny, an actor needs uncommon cinematic facial beauty, expressiveness and delicacy. \u2014 Rhonda Garelick, New York Times , 16 June 2022"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1912, in the meaning defined at sense 1":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "see cinema":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02ccsi-n\u0259-\u02c8ma-tik"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-084837",
    "type":[
      "adjective",
      "adverb"
    ]
  },
  "cinematization":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": an adaptation for presenting as a motion picture":[],
      ": the making of a motion picture from a narrative or dramatic work":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{},
    "history_and_etymology":{},
    "pronounciation":[
      "-\u012b\u02c8z-",
      "\u00a6sin\u0259m\u0259t\u0259\u0307\u02c8z\u0101sh\u0259n",
      "-\u02ccmat-"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220706-174706",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "cinematize":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": to make a motion picture of (something, such as a novel) : adapt for motion pictures":[]
    },
    "examples":[
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "And a generation of modern viewers, their inner lives cinematized from childhood on, knows it. \u2014 Richard Brody, The New Yorker , 16 May 2017"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1914, in the meaning defined above":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{},
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02c8si-n\u0259-m\u0259-\u02cct\u012bz"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220706-211916",
    "type":[
      "verb"
    ]
  },
  "cinematograph":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": a motion-picture camera, projector, theater, or show":[]
    },
    "examples":[
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "The hucksters who made a living projecting the cinematograph on a sheet in 1905, in Rivington Street, went west and became known as Mayer, Goldwyn, Laemmle, Warner, and Fox. \u2014 David Mamet, National Review , 3 Mar. 2022",
      "Institut Lumi\u00e8re Film lovers won\u2019t want to miss out on Institut Lumi\u00e8re, a museum that pays homage to brothers Auguste and Louis Lumi\u00e8re, the inventors of the cinematograph . \u2014 Christina Liao, Vogue , 21 Aug. 2017"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1896, in the meaning defined above":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "French cin\u00e9matographe , from Greek kin\u0113mat-, kin\u0113ma movement (from kinein to move) + French -o- + -graphe -graph \u2014 more at -kinesis":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02ccsi-n\u0259-\u02c8ma-t\u0259-\u02ccgraf",
      "\u02ccsin-\u0259-\u02c8mat-\u0259-\u02ccgraf"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220706-194211",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "cinematographer":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": a specialist in cinematography":[]
    },
    "examples":[
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "The man is in his late 20s and works as a cinematographer . \u2014 Sara Ashley O'brien, CNN , 7 June 2022",
      "The first camera assistant is the local\u2019s first Black president and only the third who is not a cinematographer . \u2014 Anousha Sakouistaff Writer, Los Angeles Times , 18 May 2022",
      "The tragic fatal shooting of cinematographer Halyna Hutchins prompted the film industry and public policymakers to reexamine safety procedures on productions involving firearms. \u2014 Justin Raystaff Writer, Los Angeles Times , 25 May 2022",
      "That aside, there's beauty aplenty in how director and regular cinematographer Daria D'Antonio shoot their hometown. \u2014 Thomas Page, CNN , 24 Mar. 2022",
      "Both legislators have been clear that their legislation was motivated by the Oct. 21 shooting on a New Mexico set that left cinematographer Halyna Hutchins dead. \u2014 Katie Kilkenny, The Hollywood Reporter , 11 May 2022",
      "The movie marks the directorial debut of Zhang, who is also a cinematographer . \u2014 Elsa Keslassy, Variety , 12 Apr. 2022",
      "Actor and producer Alec Baldwin discharged a prop firearm that killed a cinematographer on a movie set outside Santa Fe, N.M., authorities said. \u2014 Wendy Lee, Los Angeles Times , 25 Oct. 2021",
      "Actor Alec Baldwin fired a prop gun on a movie set and killed the cinematographer , authorities said. \u2014 Walter Berry, chicagotribune.com , 22 Oct. 2021"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1897, in the meaning defined above":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{},
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02ccsi-n\u0259-m\u0259-\u02c8t\u00e4-gr\u0259-f\u0259r"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220706-201335",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "cinematographist":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": cinematographer":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{},
    "history_and_etymology":{},
    "pronounciation":[],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220706-214317",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "cinematography":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": the art or science of motion-picture photography":[]
    },
    "examples":[
      "The film's cinematography is breathtaking.",
      "Who did the cinematography for this film?",
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "But the video itself picked up only one competitive trophy, for cinematography . \u2014 Meredith Blakestaff Writer, Los Angeles Times , 7 June 2022",
      "Lighthill is the discipline chair for cinematography at the American Film Institute Conservatory, and his credits include TV dramas Vietnam War Story, Earth 2, and Nash Bridges. \u2014 Carolyn Giardina, The Hollywood Reporter , 23 May 2022",
      "In a spoiler conversation with THR, Barbaro also recounted the days on set when Cruise gave her cinematography and storytelling lessons. \u2014 Brian Davids, The Hollywood Reporter , 3 June 2022",
      "Our cinematography is very much alive, full of significant stories that take greater risks and explore exciting new perspectives. \u2014 John Hopewell, Variety , 28 Jan. 2022",
      "Cruise, who famously enjoys doing his own stunts, supposedly trained his castmates in the requisite skills of aerial cinematography . \u2014 Richard Brody, The New Yorker , 26 May 2022",
      "Two areas where much more work needs to be done are the fields of cinematography \u2014 just 7 percent of European TV cinematographers between 2015 and 2020 were women \u2014 and music composition, where only 5 percent of working professionals are female. \u2014 Scott Roxborough, The Hollywood Reporter , 5 May 2022",
      "It's also nominated for cinematography , costume design, and production design. \u2014 Milan Polk, Men's Health , 25 Mar. 2022",
      "Nominated for: Picture, cinematography , costume design, production design. \u2014 Ben Flanagan | Bflanagan@al.com, al , 24 Mar. 2022"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1896, in the meaning defined above":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{},
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02ccsi-n\u0259-m\u0259-\u02c8t\u00e4-gr\u0259-f\u0113",
      "\u02ccsin-\u0259-m\u0259-\u02c8t\u00e4g-r\u0259-f\u0113"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220706-120344",
    "type":[
      "adjective",
      "adverb",
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "cionocranial":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": having a rodlike epipterygoid bone in the skull":[
        "\u2014 used of some lizards"
      ]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{},
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "cion- + cranial":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u00a6s\u012b\u0259n\u014d+\u00a6-"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220706-111842",
    "type":[
      "adjective"
    ]
  },
  "cioppino":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": a stew of fish and shellfish cooked usually with tomatoes, wine, spices, and herbs":[]
    },
    "examples":[
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "This branch is larger than the Newbury Street version, with a patio and more menu items, including chicken Milanese, veal scallopine, branzino, and cioppino , plus pastas and pizza. \u2014 Kara Baskin, BostonGlobe.com , 2 June 2022",
      "Afterward, the book lays out dozens of delicious recipes from easy (a wild-salmon poke bowl) to expert (a massive pot of spicy cioppino \u2014an Italian-American fisherman\u2019s stew). \u2014 Outside Online , 20 Apr. 2020",
      "For many locals, Sotto Mare is synonymous with cioppino . \u2014 Martha Cheng, WSJ , 7 Oct. 2021",
      "Tales of cioppino \u2019s evolution call to mind the stone soup folk story. \u2014 Martha Cheng, WSJ , 7 Oct. 2021",
      "Among his favorites are her risotto, cioppino and an earthy dish of farrow, butternut squash and bacon that bakes in the oven. \u2014 Paul Stephen, San Antonio Express-News , 6 Oct. 2021",
      "On the dinner menu are Serina\u2019s Seasonal Salad, beef or vegetable lasagna, cioppino and dessert. \u2014 Matthew J. Palm, orlandosentinel.com , 6 July 2021",
      "Guests can imbibe gin- and bourbon-based cocktails at the Fed, a lounge reminiscent of the city\u2019s Jazz Age bars, and enjoy family-style dishes like roasted porchetta and cioppino stew prepared by chef Stephen Bukoff at the Italian restaurant Grana. \u2014 New York Times , 24 June 2021",
      "Don\u2019t miss oysters on the half shell, cioppino , and their special Moonstone chowder. \u2014 Ali Wunderman, Forbes , 16 June 2021"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1908, in the meaning defined above":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "modification of Italian dialect (Liguria) ciuppin":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "ch\u0259-\u02c8p\u0113-(\u02cc)n\u014d"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-190341",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "cipher":{
    "antonyms":[
      "calculate",
      "compute",
      "figure",
      "reckon",
      "work out"
    ],
    "definitions":{
      ": a message in code":[
        "The cipher cannot be decoded without the key."
      ],
      ": a method of transforming a text in order to conceal its meaning":[
        "secret communications written in cipher"
      ],
      ": arabic numeral":[],
      ": encipher":[
        "ciphered the letters that passed between the two heads of state"
      ],
      ": one that has no weight, worth, or influence : nonentity":[
        "It was an odd fact that the financier, a cipher in his own home, could impress all sorts of people at the office.",
        "\u2014 P. G. Wodehouse",
        "Why did the family, I wondered, act as if Rita hardly existed? Was she that much of a cipher ?",
        "\u2014 Andrew M. Greeley"
      ],
      ": to compute arithmetically":[
        "ciphered out the sum in his head"
      ],
      ": to use figures in a mathematical process":[
        "all children should learn to read, write, and cipher",
        "\u2014 M. Pattison"
      ],
      ": zero sense 1a":[],
      "\u2014 compare code sense 3b":[
        "secret communications written in cipher"
      ]
    },
    "examples":[
      "Noun",
      "a cipher that can't be decoded",
      "She was nothing more than a cipher .",
      "Verb",
      "were surprised by how much we had spent on the cruise after we had ciphered out the grand total",
      "Recent Examples on the Web: Noun",
      "The pages on the left (verso) were written in a cipher . \u2014 Nikhil Krishnan, The New Yorker , 9 May 2022",
      "As a cipher of pop culture, Hollywood can\u2019t be beat. \u2014 Jessica Geltstaff Writer, Los Angeles Times , 18 May 2022",
      "After all, the cipher that Wittgenstein employed was both basic and known to his siblings, who used it as children (z is a, y is b, etc.). \u2014 Nikhil Krishnan, The New Yorker , 9 May 2022",
      "Kawakami gradually reveals the woman beneath the cipher , as Fuyuko is forced to confront the specter of Mizuno, the aloof teenager who took her virginity in a brutal encounter. \u2014 Washington Post , 5 May 2022",
      "Don't ask me, but some online sleuths have already managed to figure out the cipher in the image. \u2014 Evan Romano, Men's Health , 7 Mar. 2022",
      "Morse code, Arthur Conan Doyle\u2019s Dancing Men code, the Knights Templar cipher and polyalphabetic substitution ciphers. \u2014 Washington Post , 5 Oct. 2020",
      "The musicologist Nelly Kravetz discovered that this second musical cipher alludes to the pianist Elmira Nazirova, with whom Shostakovich was besotted at the time. \u2014 Alex Ross, The New Yorker , 24 Mar. 2022",
      "It may be baked into the actual story, but John\u2019s cipher -like quality, added to the character\u2019s hypothermia and dazed, near-suicidal reluctance for help, sometimes reduces him to more of a prop than a persona. \u2014 Gary Goldstein, Los Angeles Times , 24 Mar. 2022",
      "Recent Examples on the Web: Verb",
      "These remnants, signals from an earlier phase of our human condition, have been endlessly ciphered by generations of archaeologists in the Bears Ears region (which is named for twin buttes near its center). \u2014 Stephen Nash, New York Times , 25 July 2017"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1a":"Noun",
      "circa 1530, in the meaning defined at intransitive sense":"Verb"
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "Middle English, from Medieval Latin cifra , from Arabic \u1e63ifr empty, cipher, zero":"Noun and Verb"
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02c8s\u012b-f\u0259r"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[
      "aught",
      "goose egg",
      "naught",
      "nought",
      "nil",
      "nothing",
      "o",
      "oh",
      "zero",
      "zilch",
      "zip"
    ],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-094701",
    "type":[
      "noun",
      "verb"
    ]
  },
  "cipher clerk":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": a person who routinely encrypts and decrypts messages":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{},
    "history_and_etymology":{},
    "pronounciation":[],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-071822",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "cipher component":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": the sequence of a substitution alphabet that identifies the ciphertext letters \u2014 compare alphabet sense 1j":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{},
    "history_and_etymology":{},
    "pronounciation":[],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-201043",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "cipher disk":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": a device for enciphering and deciphering in substitution cipher consisting of two movable concentric disks with the letters of the alphabet written around the margin of each":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{},
    "history_and_etymology":{},
    "pronounciation":[],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220706-125939",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "ciphering":{
    "antonyms":[
      "calculate",
      "compute",
      "figure",
      "reckon",
      "work out"
    ],
    "definitions":{
      ": a message in code":[
        "The cipher cannot be decoded without the key."
      ],
      ": a method of transforming a text in order to conceal its meaning":[
        "secret communications written in cipher"
      ],
      ": arabic numeral":[],
      ": encipher":[
        "ciphered the letters that passed between the two heads of state"
      ],
      ": one that has no weight, worth, or influence : nonentity":[
        "It was an odd fact that the financier, a cipher in his own home, could impress all sorts of people at the office.",
        "\u2014 P. G. Wodehouse",
        "Why did the family, I wondered, act as if Rita hardly existed? Was she that much of a cipher ?",
        "\u2014 Andrew M. Greeley"
      ],
      ": to compute arithmetically":[
        "ciphered out the sum in his head"
      ],
      ": to use figures in a mathematical process":[
        "all children should learn to read, write, and cipher",
        "\u2014 M. Pattison"
      ],
      ": zero sense 1a":[],
      "\u2014 compare code sense 3b":[
        "secret communications written in cipher"
      ]
    },
    "examples":[
      "Noun",
      "a cipher that can't be decoded",
      "She was nothing more than a cipher .",
      "Verb",
      "were surprised by how much we had spent on the cruise after we had ciphered out the grand total",
      "Recent Examples on the Web: Noun",
      "The pages on the left (verso) were written in a cipher . \u2014 Nikhil Krishnan, The New Yorker , 9 May 2022",
      "As a cipher of pop culture, Hollywood can\u2019t be beat. \u2014 Jessica Geltstaff Writer, Los Angeles Times , 18 May 2022",
      "After all, the cipher that Wittgenstein employed was both basic and known to his siblings, who used it as children (z is a, y is b, etc.). \u2014 Nikhil Krishnan, The New Yorker , 9 May 2022",
      "Kawakami gradually reveals the woman beneath the cipher , as Fuyuko is forced to confront the specter of Mizuno, the aloof teenager who took her virginity in a brutal encounter. \u2014 Washington Post , 5 May 2022",
      "Don't ask me, but some online sleuths have already managed to figure out the cipher in the image. \u2014 Evan Romano, Men's Health , 7 Mar. 2022",
      "Morse code, Arthur Conan Doyle\u2019s Dancing Men code, the Knights Templar cipher and polyalphabetic substitution ciphers. \u2014 Washington Post , 5 Oct. 2020",
      "The musicologist Nelly Kravetz discovered that this second musical cipher alludes to the pianist Elmira Nazirova, with whom Shostakovich was besotted at the time. \u2014 Alex Ross, The New Yorker , 24 Mar. 2022",
      "It may be baked into the actual story, but John\u2019s cipher -like quality, added to the character\u2019s hypothermia and dazed, near-suicidal reluctance for help, sometimes reduces him to more of a prop than a persona. \u2014 Gary Goldstein, Los Angeles Times , 24 Mar. 2022",
      "Recent Examples on the Web: Verb",
      "These remnants, signals from an earlier phase of our human condition, have been endlessly ciphered by generations of archaeologists in the Bears Ears region (which is named for twin buttes near its center). \u2014 Stephen Nash, New York Times , 25 July 2017"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1a":"Noun",
      "circa 1530, in the meaning defined at intransitive sense":"Verb"
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "Middle English, from Medieval Latin cifra , from Arabic \u1e63ifr empty, cipher, zero":"Noun and Verb"
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02c8s\u012b-f\u0259r"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[
      "aught",
      "goose egg",
      "naught",
      "nought",
      "nil",
      "nothing",
      "o",
      "oh",
      "zero",
      "zilch",
      "zip"
    ],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220706-175240",
    "type":[
      "noun",
      "verb"
    ]
  },
  "circle":{
    "antonyms":[
      "compass",
      "embrace",
      "encircle",
      "enclose",
      "inclose",
      "encompass",
      "environ",
      "gird",
      "girdle",
      "ring",
      "surround",
      "wreathe"
    ],
    "definitions":{
      ": a balcony or tier of seats in a theater":[],
      ": a circle formed on the surface of a sphere by the intersection of a plane that passes through it":[
        "circle of latitude"
      ],
      ": a circular course or path":[
        "The children ran in circles around the tree.",
        "The conversation kept going in circles , and nothing got accomplished."
      ],
      ": a closed plane (see plane entry 6 sense 2b ) curve every point of which is equidistant (see equidistant sense 1 ) from a fixed point within the curve":[],
      ": a curving side street":[
        "lived on Kimberly Circle"
      ],
      ": a group of persons sharing a common interest or revolving about a common center":[
        "the sewing circle of her church",
        "family circle",
        "the gossip of court circles",
        "political, social, and literary circles"
      ],
      ": a territorial or administrative division or district":[
        "The province is divided into nine circles ."
      ],
      ": an area of action or influence : realm":[
        "within the circle of probability"
      ],
      ": an instrument of astronomical observation the graduated (see graduated sense 2a ) limb of which consists of an entire circle":[],
      ": circulate":[
        "thy name shall circle round the gaping throng",
        "\u2014 Lord Byron"
      ],
      ": cycle , round":[
        "the wheel has come full circle"
      ],
      ": diadem":[],
      ": fallacious reasoning in which something to be demonstrated is covertly assumed":[],
      ": ring , halo":[],
      ": rotary sense 2":[
        "Traffic slowed down around the circle ."
      ],
      ": something in the form of a circle or section of a circle: such as":[],
      ": the orbit of a celestial body":[],
      ": the plane surface bounded by such a curve":[],
      ": to circle around before making an attack":[
        "sharks circling in the water"
      ],
      ": to describe or extend in a circle":[
        "the lighthouse sent out its slow steady circling beam",
        "\u2014 R. O. Bowen"
      ],
      ": to enclose in or as if in a circle":[
        "The teacher circled the misspelled words."
      ],
      ": to move in or as if in a circle":[
        "The airplane circled around over the airport."
      ],
      ": to move or revolve around":[
        "satellites circling the earth"
      ]
    },
    "examples":[
      "Noun",
      "She drew a circle around the correct answer.",
      "We formed a circle around the campfire.",
      "He looked old and tired, with dark circles under his eyes.",
      "She has a large circle of friends.",
      "She is well-known in banking circles .",
      "Verb",
      "He circled his arms around his wife's waist.",
      "His arms circled around his wife's waist.",
      "She circled the correct answer.",
      "The pilot circled the airport before landing.",
      "The halfback circled to the left.",
      "Recent Examples on the Web: Noun",
      "Lenox started edging his way into the outer circle . \u2014 Andrew Marantz, The New Yorker , 20 June 2022",
      "The campers gathered into another circle and passed a stick in a clockwise motion, each one giving thanks for their instructors, and for each other. \u2014 al , 19 June 2022",
      "The austerity of the institutional archive meets the abundance of the family archive, bringing his ancestor back into the circle of kin. \u2014 New York Times , 17 June 2022",
      "According to the former member of Atomwaffen, Sutter repeatedly visited the house in Conroe and introduced undercover FBI agents into Atomwaffen\u2019s inner circle . \u2014 Ali Winston, Rolling Stone , 5 June 2022",
      "It\u2019s a cross between the Japanese mochi and American doughnut that's made by connecting eight rice flour doughballs into a circle , frying them and then dipping them in a glaze or sugar. \u2014 Bahar Anooshahr, The Arizona Republic , 3 June 2022",
      "The job affords entrance into an elite circle , and promises to open professional doors and provide credibility during the new attorney\u2019s career. \u2014 Markus Funk And Virginia M. Kendall, WSJ , 1 June 2022",
      "Both pitchers brought some of their best stuff into the circle Saturday. \u2014 J.l. Kirven, The Courier-Journal , 29 May 2022",
      "Vin Noth, the executive director of Kinship in Milwaukee's Riverwest neighborhood, calls the volunteers into a circle . \u2014 David D. Haynes, Milwaukee Journal Sentinel , 24 May 2022",
      "Recent Examples on the Web: Verb",
      "Therefore, senior leaders must interview others to learn how they are seen and then circle back to compare these results with their perceptions. \u2014 Christine Michel Carter, Forbes , 21 June 2022",
      "Rent a golf cart or bicycles and circle the island, stopping to see the Ice Age-era glacial grooves, Kelleys Island Wine Co., downtown shops and more. \u2014 Susan Glaser, cleveland , 26 May 2022",
      "Cars will try to maintain high speeds, while concealing their power around Turns 4-8, which approach the Dolphins\u2019 practice facility to the right and circle the whimsical MIA Marina and Yacht Club. \u2014 USA Today , 6 May 2022",
      "That close was guided by a creative approach, Mundy told THR, that the show has always taken, which sees the writers propose the biggest questions the season will answer early on and circle back around to by the end. \u2014 Abbey White, The Hollywood Reporter , 29 Apr. 2022",
      "Bring a flashlight or headlamp to explore the talus caves, then circle around toward the reservoir to catch a panoramic view of Pinnacles\u2019 famous rock formations. \u2014 Emily Pennington, Outside Online , 25 Feb. 2020",
      "Remember that, because that's going to circle back later on in the season. \u2014 Alamin Yohannes, EW.com , 13 June 2022",
      "The list of names for the 2022 season will circle around again in 2028. \u2014 Mallory Nicholls, Orlando Sentinel , 31 May 2022",
      "Bloomberg News first reported in February that potential buyers were starting to circle Chelsea, which is owned by Roman Abramovich. \u2014 David Hellier, Bloomberg.com , 29 Mar. 2022"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1a":"Noun",
      "14th century, in the meaning defined at transitive sense 1":"Verb"
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "Middle English cercle , from Anglo-French, from Latin circulus , diminutive of circus circle, circus, from or akin to Greek krikos, kirkos ring; akin to Old English hring ring \u2014 more at ring":"Noun and Verb"
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02c8s\u0259r-k\u0259l"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[
      "cirque",
      "ring",
      "round",
      "roundel"
    ],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-000841",
    "type":[
      "noun",
      "verb"
    ]
  },
  "circle the/one's wagons":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": to gather a group of people together in order to protect them from being attacked":[
        "\u2014 usually used figuratively Reporters tend to circle the wagons whenever the media are attacked for bias."
      ]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{},
    "history_and_etymology":{},
    "pronounciation":[],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-185147",
    "type":[
      "idiom"
    ]
  },
  "circuit":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": a circuitous or indirect route":[
        "The damaged bridge forced him to take a long circuit to his destination."
      ],
      ": a course around a periphery":[
        "the periodic circuit of the Earth around the Sun"
      ],
      ": a group of church congregations ministered to by one pastor":[],
      ": a neuronal pathway of the brain along which electrical and chemical signals travel":[],
      ": a number of similar social gatherings":[
        "the cocktail circuit"
      ],
      ": a number or series of public outlets (such as theaters, radio shows, or arenas) offering the same kind of presentation":[
        "He loved competing on the rodeo circuit .",
        "She rose through the theater circuit to become a big-time entertainer."
      ],
      ": a regular tour (as by a traveling judge or preacher) around an assigned district or territory":[
        "The preacher ministered to each congregation in his circuit ."
      ],
      ": a two-way communication path between points (as in a computer)":[],
      ": a usually circular line encompassing an area":[
        "a swamp about 10 miles in circuit"
      ],
      ": an assemblage of electronic elements : hookup":[],
      ": an association of similar groups : league":[],
      ": the complete path of an electric current including usually the source of electric energy":[],
      ": the route traveled":[
        "His circuit took him to many towns in the county."
      ],
      ": the space enclosed within such a line":[
        "the circuit of the duke's land"
      ],
      ": to make a circuit":[
        "Potential buyers circuited around the boatyard."
      ],
      ": to make a circuit about":[
        "a route that circuits the Back Bay section of the city"
      ]
    },
    "examples":[
      "Noun",
      "It takes a year for the Earth to make one circuit around the sun.",
      "Verb",
      "after circuiting the exterior of the church, the procession headed inside",
      "Recent Examples on the Web: Noun",
      "None has even won on the PGA Tour, the toughest circuit in golf, although Fitzpatrick is the No. 17 player in the world with seven titles on the European tour. \u2014 Chicago Tribune , 21 May 2022",
      "Rookies Callum Ilott and Christian Lundgaard, both graduates from the Formula 2 circuit in Europe, will start 7th and 8th respectively and are the two highest qualifying rookies. \u2014 Rob Peeters, The Indianapolis Star , 13 May 2022",
      "Experts say a short- circuit in the cells that make up a vehicle battery are typically responsible for fires. \u2014 Niha Masih, Washington Post , 20 Apr. 2022",
      "The fire, suspected to have started due to a short- circuit in the ventilator or the switchboard, damaged the entire SNCU, a unit where newborns in critical condition are admitted. \u2014 Tabassum Barnagarwala, Quartz , 13 Apr. 2022",
      "Driving the circuit in the Tecnica was only a slightly less intense experience. \u2014 Mike Duff, Car and Driver , 12 Apr. 2022",
      "Coaches on the summer recruiting circuit in 2019 marveled at seeing Wade at games with his same job, and did so again this past summer when events resumed after a one-year hiatus. \u2014 New York Times , 19 Mar. 2022",
      "But within two months of returning to snow last season, Halvorsen, a member of the U.S. Ski Team\u2019s development squad who trains with Alaska Pacific University, was racing on the top-level World Cup circuit in Europe. \u2014 Nathaniel Herz, Anchorage Daily News , 8 Feb. 2022",
      "From rock climbing in Joshua Tree and backpacking in Alaska, to hiking Iceland\u2019s volcanic trails and a 15-day trek on the Annapurna circuit in Nepal, there\u2019s truly something for every type of expeditioner. \u2014 Danielle Directo-meston, The Hollywood Reporter , 1 Feb. 2022",
      "Recent Examples on the Web: Verb",
      "Damage to the pons can short- circuit its ability to paralyze the sleeping body. \u2014 Jen Rose Smith, CNN , 10 May 2022",
      "These are tested and wrapped in plastic packages to connect them to circuit boards or parts of a system. \u2014 New York Times , 8 Apr. 2022",
      "The awards circuit moves from movies to music, with the airing of the 64th Grammy Awards. \u2014 Irene Kim, Vogue , 2 Apr. 2022",
      "Do this circuit a total of 4 times to get a full abs workout in 10 minutes. \u2014 Amy Marturana Winderl, SELF , 24 Jan. 2022",
      "The administration said the court could short- circuit the usual process and rule on the law's constitutionality this term, even though lower courts have yet to do so. \u2014 Compiled Democrat-gazette Staff From Wire Reports, Arkansas Online , 19 Oct. 2021",
      "The lawsuit doesn\u2019t specify the sum of money that his client is seeking to collect; circuit civil cases seek over $30,000, and Scavetta cited the possibility of seeking punitive damages. \u2014 Marc Freeman, sun-sentinel.com , 7 Oct. 2021",
      "Eventually, these eleven words could underlie the next generation of arms control negotiations, strengthen the global nonproliferation regime, and help short- circuit a second nuclear arms race. \u2014 Jessica T. Mathews, The New York Review of Books , 20 Aug. 2020",
      "Eventually, these eleven words could underlie the next generation of arms control negotiations, strengthen the global nonproliferation regime, and help short- circuit a second nuclear arms race. \u2014 Jessica T. Mathews, The New York Review of Books , 20 Aug. 2020"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1a":"Noun",
      "15th century, in the meaning defined at transitive sense":"Verb"
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "Middle English, from Middle French & Latin; Middle French circuite , from Latin circuitus , from circumire, circuire to go around, from circum- + ire to go \u2014 more at issue entry 1":"Noun and Verb"
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02c8s\u0259r-k\u0259t"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[
      "circle",
      "circumnavigate",
      "circumvent",
      "compass",
      "encircle",
      "girdle",
      "orbit",
      "ring",
      "round"
    ],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-073925",
    "type":[
      "adjective",
      "noun",
      "verb"
    ]
  },
  "circuit rider":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": a clergyman assigned to a circuit especially in a rural area":[]
    },
    "examples":[
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "But circuit rider preachers gathered worshippers in the village school, which was also shared by other denominations for religious services, according to an unofficial history from the church. \u2014 Evan Casey, Journal Sentinel , 10 June 2022",
      "But the committee\u2019s interest has both reflected and fueled a suspicion that Flynn is something more than a MAGA circuit rider . \u2014 New York Times , 4 Feb. 2022",
      "Johnson is a former semi-pro rodeo circuit rider who launched his music career as an independent artist in Texas. \u2014 Pam Windsor, Forbes , 8 Oct. 2021",
      "Besides these, she is preceded in death by a host of colorful ancestors from circuit riders to French aristocrats to brewers. \u2014 Sun-Sentinel.com , 27 Oct. 2017"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1837, in the meaning defined above":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{},
    "pronounciation":[],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-181451",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "circuit steward":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": a church official of certain Methodist bodies charged with ushering and advising the minister and church board concerning the temporal interests of the circuit":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{},
    "history_and_etymology":{},
    "pronounciation":[],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-193437",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "circuitous":{
    "antonyms":[
      "direct",
      "straight",
      "straightforward"
    ],
    "definitions":{
      ": having a circular or winding course":[
        "a circuitous route",
        "a circuitous journey by snowmobile"
      ],
      ": not being forthright or direct in language or action":[
        "a circuitous explanation",
        "His circuitous form of logic was mind-boggling."
      ]
    },
    "examples":[
      "Their logic seems a bit circuitous .",
      "we took a circuitous route to the airport so as to avoid the massive traffic jam on the highway",
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "Tracking trees in Congo can be a circuitous route, filled with shady characters and big money. \u2014 New York Times , 14 June 2022",
      "The language itself can be circuitous , vague and indirect. \u2014 Greg Story, Forbes , 6 June 2022",
      "The Perishing is an odyssey through time, Los Angeles, and circuitous , lyrical storytelling. \u2014 The Atlantic , 16 May 2022",
      "When asked directly on Monday afternoon about his future with the Utah Jazz, head coach Quin Snyder gave a circuitous non-answer. \u2014 Eric Walden, The Salt Lake Tribune , 9 May 2022",
      "Financially, Iran has built a shadowy network that uses front companies and circuitous transactions to launder money and dodge sanctions, analysts say, which some believe may be offered for Russian use. \u2014 Nadeen Ebrahim, CNN , 15 Apr. 2022",
      "Pam Hupp's bizarre and circuitous route from Missouri house-flipper to infamous tabloid-TV killer has done big business for Dateline (five episodes, plus a hit podcast), and the team behind Pam doesn't try to fix what isn't broken. \u2014 Kristen Baldwin, EW.com , 4 Mar. 2022",
      "Make no mistake, notwithstanding the intentional circuitous and deceptive talk about finances, weighted factors and other explanations, the end result will be very hurtful for school children in affected districts. \u2014 orlandosentinel.com , 18 Feb. 2022",
      "Ultimately, these are circuitous and mostly useless ways of understanding what is happening on the ground, and of understanding the variety of motives, incentives, and situations that apply to different people in an event like a pandemic. \u2014 Addison Del Mastro, The Week , 16 Feb. 2022"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1664, in the meaning defined at sense 1":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "perhaps from Medieval Latin circuitosus , from Latin circuitus \u2014 see circuit entry 1":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "(\u02cc)s\u0259r-\u02c8ky\u00fc-\u0259-t\u0259s"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[
      "circular",
      "indirect",
      "roundabout"
    ],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-014437",
    "type":[
      "adjective",
      "adverb",
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "circuitry":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": the components of an electric circuit":[],
      ": the detailed plan or arrangement of an electric circuit":[]
    },
    "examples":[
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "As stress hormones flood the body, neural circuitry in the brain changes, affecting our ability to think and make decisions, experts say. \u2014 Sandee Lamotte, CNN , 23 June 2022",
      "In quest of sonic purity, the preamp is connected to an external HiCap DR power supply as well as the compact NAPSC, which supplies low-noise power for the preamp\u2019s digital circuitry . \u2014 Robert Ross, Robb Report , 30 Mar. 2022",
      "The Los Angeles are wireless and have Active Noise Canceling (ANC) circuitry . \u2014 Mark Sparrow, Forbes , 14 Oct. 2021",
      "And this is because their motor, battery, circuitry , and charger are more expensive to produce than a combustion engine. \u2014 Roy Berendsohn, Popular Mechanics , 11 Nov. 2021",
      "Ultra-low-noise MM phono stage with infrasonic filtering circuitry . \u2014 Mark Sparrow, Forbes , 17 May 2022",
      "And thanks to Tesla, automobiles that had in the past been equipped with relatively simple circuitry are set to become electric, autonomous and connected to the Internet over the next decade. \u2014 Christiaan Hetzner, Fortune , 24 Jan. 2022",
      "That could greatly reduce the energy needed to both perform computations and keep circuitry cool. \u2014 Philip Ball, Scientific American , 29 Mar. 2022",
      "One of the things that helped enable the robot fish's efficiency is notable by its absence in the photo above: any sort of control circuitry . \u2014 John Timmer, Ars Technica , 14 Feb. 2022"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1946, in the meaning defined at sense 1":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{},
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02c8s\u0259r-k\u0259-tr\u0113"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220708-073317",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "circuity":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": lack of straightforwardness : indirection":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{
      "circa 1626, in the meaning defined above":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "circuitous":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "(\u02cc)s\u0259r-\u02c8ky\u00fc-\u0259-t\u0113"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-184909",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "circuity of action":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": an unnecessarily long course of proceedings":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{},
    "history_and_etymology":{},
    "pronounciation":[],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-092515",
    "type":[]
  },
  "circulant":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": a mathematical determinant in which each row is derived from the preceding by cyclic permutation, each constituent being pushed into the next column and the last into the first so that constituents of the principal diagonal are all the same":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{},
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "Latin circulant-, circulans , present participle of circulare to make round":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02c8s\u0259rky\u0259l\u0259nt",
      "|-\u0259ik-",
      "-\u0259\u0304k-"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220706-230139",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "circular":{
    "antonyms":[
      "booklet",
      "brochure",
      "flyer",
      "flier",
      "folder",
      "leaflet",
      "pamphlet"
    ],
    "definitions":{
      ": a paper (such as a leaflet) intended for wide distribution":[],
      ": being or involving reasoning that uses in the argument or proof a conclusion to be proved or one of its unproved consequences":[],
      ": circuitous , indirect":[],
      ": having a circular base or bases":[
        "a circular cylinder"
      ],
      ": having the form of a circle : round":[
        "a circular orbit"
      ],
      ": intended for circulation":[
        "a circular letter"
      ],
      ": marked by or moving in a cycle":[],
      ": moving in or describing a circle or spiral":[
        "a circular staircase"
      ],
      ": of or relating to a circle or its mathematical properties":[
        "a circular arc"
      ]
    },
    "examples":[
      "Adjective",
      "That planet has a more circular orbit than our planet does.",
      "a rather circular discussion of the problem that never addresses it directly",
      "Noun",
      "According to the circular , eggs are on sale this week.",
      "promptly tosses out those advertising circulars that come in the newspaper",
      "Recent Examples on the Web: Adjective",
      "Streaks are usually the result of wiping against the grain or in a circular motion, using the wrong or a dirty cloth, not using enough cleaner to dissolve greasy film or not buffing thoroughly enough after cleaning. \u2014 Amanda Garrity, Good Housekeeping , 29 June 2022",
      "Scroll compressors work in a circular motion instead of an up-and-down piston action and have a reputation for reliability and efficiency. \u2014 Patrick Moorhead, Forbes , 24 June 2022",
      "Apply the product under the eyes in a circular motion daily for optimal results. \u2014 Grooming Playbook, The Salt Lake Tribune , 19 May 2022",
      "Be sure to give your scalp a good, strong scrub with your fingertips in a circular motion for a gentle exfoliation. \u2014 Felicity Carter, Forbes , 17 May 2022",
      "Like all of the cleansing brushes, use the one in a circular motion for a thorough cleanse. \u2014 ELLE , 28 Apr. 2022",
      "Salads will be shaken in a circular motion rather than from side to side. \u2014 Tom Smyth, The New Yorker , 13 Apr. 2022",
      "To start, Arwa sinks one finger into each cheekbone for 30 seconds and twists it back and forth in a circular motion. \u2014 Sara Miranda, Allure , 3 Mar. 2022",
      "For those looking to take it a step further, the site suggests buying vinyl cleaning solution and wiping in a circular motion to keep records sparkling. \u2014 Stacey Leasca, Travel + Leisure , 26 Feb. 2022",
      "Recent Examples on the Web: Noun",
      "In a circular to clients, Ian Shepherdson, the chief economist at Pantheon Macroeconomics, gave three reasons to believe the Fed still has a good chance of reducing inflation without bringing on an outright slump. \u2014 John Cassidy, The New Yorker , 22 June 2022",
      "The unclaimed-property circular never mentions the election, voting or that Franchot (D) is seeking election. \u2014 Erin Cox, Washington Post , 29 May 2022",
      "Earlier this week, the court circular showed that Prince William visited MI6 and met with the Defense Secretary, but the Cambridges had yet to speak publicly about Russia's invasion of Ukraine until now. \u2014 Caroline Hallemann, Town & Country , 26 Feb. 2022",
      "To limit the spread of the virus, Ajman's human resources department issued a circular with a list of no-nos that would lead to salary deductions, ranging from a one-day pay cut to a 10-day pay cut for repeat offenders. \u2014 Fox News , 14 Jan. 2022",
      "Otis\u2019s son-in-law Harry Chandler, the man responsible for the Hollywood sign, treated the paper like a real-estate circular . \u2014 The New Yorker , 25 Oct. 2021",
      "Tanah Sullivan, Group Head of Sustainability, GoTo Adopt a mindset that circular is a business decision and should be treated by the company as such. \u2014 World Economic Forum, Forbes , 21 Sep. 2021",
      "The announcement triggered an immediate uproar and a revival of the circular and by now utterly frustrating political debate about masking that festered through much of the last year. \u2014 Stephen Collinson With Shelby Rose, CNN , 28 July 2021",
      "For now, cryptocurrency exchanges and investors seem to have perceived the RBI\u2019s latest circular as a stamp of approval. \u2014 Mimansa Verma, Quartz , 4 July 2021"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "15th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1a":"Adjective",
      "1789, in the meaning defined above":"Noun"
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "Middle English circuler , from Middle French, from Late Latin circularis , from Latin circulus circle":"Adjective"
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02c8s\u0259r-ky\u0259-l\u0259r"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[
      "circuitous",
      "indirect",
      "roundabout"
    ],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-074125",
    "type":[
      "adjective",
      "adverb",
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "circular canal":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": a canal running around the circumference of the bell of a jellyfish":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{},
    "history_and_etymology":{},
    "pronounciation":[],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220706-221641",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "circular canon":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": a musical canon (see canon entry 1 sense 6 ) in which the repetitions modulate through a circle of fifths (see fifth entry 2 sense 3a )":[],
      ": a musical canon (see canon entry 1 sense 6 ) whose subject (see subject entry 1 sense 3f ) leads back to its own beginning so that it may be endlessly repeated":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1869, in the meaning defined at sense 1":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{},
    "pronounciation":[],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-013742",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "circular dichroism":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": a spectroscopic technique that makes use of circular dichroism":[],
      ": the property (as of an optically active medium) of unequal absorption of right and left plane-polarized light so that the emergent light is elliptically polarized":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{
      "circa 1961, in the meaning defined at sense 1":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{},
    "pronounciation":[],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-043358",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "circular error":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": the error in a timepiece resulting from variations in extent of the arc described by a pendulum":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{},
    "history_and_etymology":{},
    "pronounciation":[],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-195519",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "circular file":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": wastebasket":[]
    },
    "examples":[
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "Lose either of those, and the College Football Playoff committee would have found a place for Alabama\u2019s r\u00e9sum\u00e9 in its circular file even before the first snap of the always-important Iron Bowl was played. \u2014 Mike Rodak | Mrodak@al.com, al , 31 Dec. 2019"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1967, in the meaning defined above":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{},
    "pronounciation":[],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-195510",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "circular flow":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": the continuing and recurrent transfers of money and goods among producers and consumers":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{},
    "history_and_etymology":{},
    "pronounciation":[],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-195447",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "circular reaction":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": a chain reflex in which the final response acts as stimulus for the initial response":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{},
    "history_and_etymology":{},
    "pronounciation":[],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-190601",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "circular saw":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{},
    "examples":[
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "The loud and heavy circular saw no longer intimates her. \u2014 oregonlive , 23 June 2022",
      "Always wear safety goggles and earplugs when operating a circular saw . \u2014 Dan Diclerico, Good Housekeeping , 22 Apr. 2022",
      "For my 30th birthday, my dad got me a DeWalt 6.5-inch circular saw . \u2014 Luke Whelan, Outside Online , 18 Aug. 2021",
      "Recognized for innovations including the circular saw , flat broom and seeds sold in packets, the Shakers, whose members call themselves sisters and brothers, developed a particular skill for woodworking and cabinetmaking. \u2014 New York Times , 23 Apr. 2022",
      "To find the best circular saw for your needs, consider the following factors. \u2014 Dan Diclerico, Good Housekeeping , 22 Apr. 2022",
      "Use a circular saw or miter saw to cut enough 6 x 6 in. \u2014 Andrew Freye, Popular Mechanics , 29 Oct. 2021",
      "Trim the Pallets to Size Start by using a circular saw to cut two of the 40-in.-wide pallets down to 24 in. \u2014 Andrew Freye, Popular Mechanics , 29 Oct. 2021",
      "All vinyl siding and vinyl soffit and fascia can be cut with tin snips, a circular saw with a plywood blade, or by scoring it with a knife and breaking it. \u2014 Merle Henkenius, Popular Mechanics , 12 July 2021"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1817, in the meaning defined above":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{},
    "pronounciation":[],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-175046",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "circulate":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": to become well-known or widespread":[
        "rumors circulated through the town"
      ],
      ": to cause to circulate":[],
      ": to flow without obstruction":[],
      ": to go from group to group at a social gathering":[],
      ": to pass from person to person or place to place: such as":[]
    },
    "examples":[
      "Blood circulates through the body.",
      "Steam circulates in the pipes.",
      "A pump circulates the water through the filter.",
      "Rumors are circulating around town.",
      "The report circulated among the students.",
      "Stories were circulated about mismanagement.",
      "He is circulating a petition asking for a new election.",
      "She circulated among her guests.",
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "Monocytes are large white blood cells that circulate the body through the bloodstream, keeping an eye out for any microbial threats. \u2014 William A. Haseltine, Forbes , 16 June 2022",
      "Frost fans that circulate warmer air are commonplace in southern Oregon\u2019s vineyards and orchards. \u2014 Michael Alberty | For The Oregonian/oregonlive, oregonlive , 22 Apr. 2022",
      "Planes have high-quality filtration systems that circulate the air often, said David Freedman, a professor and the president-elect of the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. \u2014 New York Times , 19 Apr. 2022",
      "Adenoviruses are a large family of viruses that circulate widely and are often linked to respiratory and eye infections. \u2014 Beth Mole, Ars Technica , 14 Apr. 2022",
      "Still, despite the scary stories that circulate now and then, there\u2019s not a whole lot of evidence to tell us how bad this problem really is. \u2014 Alex Hutchinson, Outside Online , 25 Mar. 2022",
      "Mitchell also suggested wearing an N95 or KN95 mask to help protect against any particles that may circulate when clearing out the debris. \u2014 Sarah Bowman, The Indianapolis Star , 18 Mar. 2022",
      "On Tumblr, Depp supporters continue to circulate the debunked claim that Heard plagiarized part of her opening statement from Patricia Highsmith\u2019s The Talented Mr. Ripley. \u2014 Kaitlyn Tiffany, The Atlantic , 17 May 2022",
      "Some places that have avoided the worst of the pandemic, including Puerto Rico and northern New England states, are coping with elevated Covid-19 cases and hospitalizations as the latest highly contagious iterations of the virus circulate . \u2014 WSJ , 10 May 2022"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1603, in the meaning defined at intransitive sense 1":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "Latin circulatus , past participle of circulare , from circulus":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02c8s\u0259r-ky\u0259-\u02ccl\u0101t"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[
      "broadcast",
      "disseminate",
      "propagate",
      "spread"
    ],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220706-235140",
    "type":[
      "adjective",
      "intransitive verb",
      "noun",
      "verb"
    ]
  },
  "circulator":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": to become well-known or widespread":[
        "rumors circulated through the town"
      ],
      ": to cause to circulate":[],
      ": to flow without obstruction":[],
      ": to go from group to group at a social gathering":[],
      ": to pass from person to person or place to place: such as":[]
    },
    "examples":[
      "Blood circulates through the body.",
      "Steam circulates in the pipes.",
      "A pump circulates the water through the filter.",
      "Rumors are circulating around town.",
      "The report circulated among the students.",
      "Stories were circulated about mismanagement.",
      "He is circulating a petition asking for a new election.",
      "She circulated among her guests.",
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "Monocytes are large white blood cells that circulate the body through the bloodstream, keeping an eye out for any microbial threats. \u2014 William A. Haseltine, Forbes , 16 June 2022",
      "Frost fans that circulate warmer air are commonplace in southern Oregon\u2019s vineyards and orchards. \u2014 Michael Alberty | For The Oregonian/oregonlive, oregonlive , 22 Apr. 2022",
      "Planes have high-quality filtration systems that circulate the air often, said David Freedman, a professor and the president-elect of the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. \u2014 New York Times , 19 Apr. 2022",
      "Adenoviruses are a large family of viruses that circulate widely and are often linked to respiratory and eye infections. \u2014 Beth Mole, Ars Technica , 14 Apr. 2022",
      "Still, despite the scary stories that circulate now and then, there\u2019s not a whole lot of evidence to tell us how bad this problem really is. \u2014 Alex Hutchinson, Outside Online , 25 Mar. 2022",
      "Mitchell also suggested wearing an N95 or KN95 mask to help protect against any particles that may circulate when clearing out the debris. \u2014 Sarah Bowman, The Indianapolis Star , 18 Mar. 2022",
      "On Tumblr, Depp supporters continue to circulate the debunked claim that Heard plagiarized part of her opening statement from Patricia Highsmith\u2019s The Talented Mr. Ripley. \u2014 Kaitlyn Tiffany, The Atlantic , 17 May 2022",
      "Some places that have avoided the worst of the pandemic, including Puerto Rico and northern New England states, are coping with elevated Covid-19 cases and hospitalizations as the latest highly contagious iterations of the virus circulate . \u2014 WSJ , 10 May 2022"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1603, in the meaning defined at intransitive sense 1":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "Latin circulatus , past participle of circulare , from circulus":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02c8s\u0259r-ky\u0259-\u02ccl\u0101t"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[
      "broadcast",
      "disseminate",
      "propagate",
      "spread"
    ],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-055209",
    "type":[
      "adjective",
      "intransitive verb",
      "noun",
      "verb"
    ]
  },
  "circumerosion":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": circumdenudation":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{},
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "circum- + erosion":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220706-134646",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "circumesophageal ring":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": esophageal ring":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{},
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "circum + esophageal":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-084445",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "circumeter":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": a device for measuring the circumference especially of a fruit":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{},
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "blend of circum- and -meter":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02ccs\u0259r\u02c8k\u0259m\u0259t\u0259r"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220706-232603",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "circumference":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": the external boundary or surface of a figure or object : periphery":[
        "from the center to the circumference of the sphere"
      ],
      ": the perimeter of a circle":[
        "The circle measures 22 inches in circumference ."
      ]
    },
    "examples":[
      "What is the circumference of the Earth at the equator?",
      "The circle is 38 inches in circumference .",
      "The fence marks the circumference of the field.",
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "Eating watermelon daily was associated with a decrease in subjects\u2019 body weight, body mass index, blood pressure, and waist circumference . \u2014 Erica Sweeney, Good Housekeeping , 16 June 2022",
      "Once upon a time (when it was done at all) such auditing involved cumbersome techniques such as measuring the circumference of trees and extrapolating out to the whole forest to figure out how much carbon was stored there. \u2014 Sam Gill, Fortune , 10 June 2022",
      "Boebert also reimbursed herself nearly $21,200 from her campaign in November 2020, according to campaign finance records, equal to roughly 38,000 miles driven, or about 13,000 miles longer than the circumference of the Earth. \u2014 Melissa Quinn, CBS News , 9 June 2022",
      "More than 2,000 years ago, somewhere near the Mediterranean Sea, a mathematician named Eratosthenes used a shadow cast at noon on the equinox to calculate the circumference of the Earth. \u2014 Joan Meiners, The Arizona Republic , 1 June 2022",
      "If fit is proving to be an issue for you, choose a pair of gloves that are manufactured in a size range that can ensure the fit isn't too small or too tight across your knuckles, your palms, or the circumference of your wrist. \u2014 Zee Krstic, Good Housekeeping , 13 Apr. 2022",
      "Cool and youthful, but just classic enough, Patek Philippe's Calatrava Reference 5226G sports a refined case with a hobnail pattern guilloch\u00e9ed around the entire circumference of the caseband. \u2014 Alex Doak, CNN , 11 Apr. 2022",
      "This method measures the circumference of your finger. \u2014 Orlando Mayorquin, USA TODAY , 9 Mar. 2022",
      "In just a second, light could go around the circumference of the Earth more than seven times. \u2014 Rhett Allain, Wired , 7 Jan. 2022"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "Middle English, from Middle French & Latin; Middle French, from Latin circumferentia , from circumferre to carry around, from circum- + ferre to carry \u2014 more at bear":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "-f\u0259rns",
      "-f(\u0259-)r\u0259n(t)s",
      "s\u0259r-\u02c8k\u0259m(p)-f\u0259rn(t)s",
      "s\u0259-",
      "s\u0259r-\u02c8k\u0259m-f\u0259-r\u0259ns"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[
      "girth"
    ],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-011845",
    "type":[
      "adjective",
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "circumferentor":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": a graduated wheel formerly used to measure tires":[],
      ": a surveyor's compass with diametral projecting arms each carrying a vertical slit sight":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{},
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "Latin circumferent ia circumference + English -or":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "s\u0259(r)\u02c8k\u0259m(p)f\u0259\u02ccrent\u0259(r)"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220706-204325",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "circumflex":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": a mark \u02c6, \u2322, or \u02dc originally used in Greek over long vowels to indicate a rising-falling tone and in other languages to mark length, contraction, or a particular vowel quality":[],
      ": characterized by the pitch, quantity, or quality indicated by a circumflex":[],
      ": marked with a circumflex":[]
    },
    "examples":[
      "Recent Examples on the Web: Noun",
      "There\u2019s something about the circumflex over the a, the accent over the e, that adds a sense of mystique. \u2014 Talia Lavin, Bon Appetit , 15 May 2017"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1609, in the meaning defined above":"Noun",
      "circa 1577, in the meaning defined at sense 1":"Adjective"
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "Latin circumflexus , past participle of circumflectere to bend around, mark with a circumflex, from circum- + flectere to bend":"Adjective"
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02c8s\u0259r-k\u0259m-\u02ccfleks"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-033314",
    "type":[
      "adjective",
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "circumfluent":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": flowing round or surrounding in the manner of a fluid":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1577, in the meaning defined above":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "from Latin circumfluent-, circumfluens , present participle of circumfluere to flow around, from circum- + fluere to flow \u2014 more at fluid":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "(\u02cc)s\u0259r-\u02c8k\u0259m-fl\u00fc-\u0259nt"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220706-195444",
    "type":[
      "adjective"
    ]
  },
  "circumforaneous":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": going about from market to market : wandering from place to place":[
        "a circumforaneous jester"
      ]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{},
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "Latin circumforaneus , from circum- + -foraneus (from forum market place)":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u00a6s\u0259rk\u0259mf\u0259\u00a6r\u0101n\u0113\u0259s",
      "s\u0259r\u00a6k-"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-045943",
    "type":[
      "adjective"
    ]
  },
  "circumfuse":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": surround sense 1":[]
    },
    "examples":[
      "circumfused in darkness, the isolated house seemed the perfect spot for a clandestine meeting"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1605, in the meaning defined above":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "Latin circumfusus , past participle of circumfundere to pour around, from circum- + fundere to pour \u2014 more at found":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02ccs\u0259r-k\u0259m-\u02c8fy\u00fcz"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[
      "bosom",
      "bower",
      "cocoon",
      "embosom",
      "embower",
      "embrace",
      "enclose",
      "inclose",
      "encompass",
      "enfold",
      "enshroud",
      "enswathe",
      "envelop",
      "enwrap",
      "invest",
      "involve",
      "lap",
      "mantle",
      "muffle",
      "shroud",
      "swathe",
      "veil",
      "wrap"
    ],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-015326",
    "type":[
      "noun",
      "verb"
    ]
  },
  "circumjacent":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": lying adjacent on all sides : surrounding":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{
      "15th century, in the meaning defined above":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "Latin circumjacent-, circumjacens , present participle of circumjac\u0113re to lie around, from circum- + jac\u0113re to lie \u2014 more at adjacent":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02ccs\u0259r-k\u0259m-\u02c8j\u0101-s\u1d4ant"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220708-113311",
    "type":[
      "adjective"
    ]
  },
  "circumlocution":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": evasion in speech":[
        "circumlocutions concerning what constitutes torture"
      ],
      ": the use of an unnecessarily large number of words to express an idea":[
        "had no patience with diplomatic circumlocutions"
      ]
    },
    "examples":[
      "He was criticized for his use of circumlocution .",
      "I'm trying to avoid circumlocutions in my writing.",
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "Powell\u2019s statement yesterday (September 22) is the masterpiece of its type, building upon fifteen months of this playful circumlocution , downshifting into bureaucratic blandness. \u2014 George Calhoun, Forbes , 23 Sep. 2021",
      "But the national crisis in policing and the response to it isn\u2019t a matter of arid elite debate or familiar political circumlocution and compromise anymore. \u2014 David Roth, The New Republic , 11 June 2020",
      "These circumlocutions are meant to emphasize the fact that Africans traded like chattel were not, in their essence, slaves but human beings. \u2014 Lionel Shriver, Harper's magazine , 25 Nov. 2019",
      "Although incredibly popular, with 60% approval ratings, Ahok was considered by many to be a divisive figure, by virtue both of his minority status and of his bluntness, which ran counter to Javanese traditions of deference and circumlocution . \u2014 The Economist , 12 Apr. 2018",
      "Mungiu, like many Romanian directors, has a sadistic streak for circumlocution . \u2014 Jordan Hoffman, VanityFair.com , 6 Apr. 2017"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "circa 1518, in the meaning defined at sense 1":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "Middle English circumlocucyon , from Latin circumlocution-, circumlocutio , from circum- + locutio speech, from loqui to speak":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02ccs\u0259r-k\u0259m-l\u014d-\u02c8ky\u00fc-sh\u0259n"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[
      "equivocation",
      "shuffle",
      "tergiversation"
    ],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220708-105712",
    "type":[
      "adjective",
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "circumlocutionist":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": one who uses circumlocution":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{},
    "history_and_etymology":{},
    "pronounciation":[],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220708-125557",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "circumlocutory":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": evasion in speech":[
        "circumlocutions concerning what constitutes torture"
      ],
      ": the use of an unnecessarily large number of words to express an idea":[
        "had no patience with diplomatic circumlocutions"
      ]
    },
    "examples":[
      "He was criticized for his use of circumlocution .",
      "I'm trying to avoid circumlocutions in my writing.",
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "Powell\u2019s statement yesterday (September 22) is the masterpiece of its type, building upon fifteen months of this playful circumlocution , downshifting into bureaucratic blandness. \u2014 George Calhoun, Forbes , 23 Sep. 2021",
      "But the national crisis in policing and the response to it isn\u2019t a matter of arid elite debate or familiar political circumlocution and compromise anymore. \u2014 David Roth, The New Republic , 11 June 2020",
      "These circumlocutions are meant to emphasize the fact that Africans traded like chattel were not, in their essence, slaves but human beings. \u2014 Lionel Shriver, Harper's magazine , 25 Nov. 2019",
      "Although incredibly popular, with 60% approval ratings, Ahok was considered by many to be a divisive figure, by virtue both of his minority status and of his bluntness, which ran counter to Javanese traditions of deference and circumlocution . \u2014 The Economist , 12 Apr. 2018",
      "Mungiu, like many Romanian directors, has a sadistic streak for circumlocution . \u2014 Jordan Hoffman, VanityFair.com , 6 Apr. 2017"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "circa 1518, in the meaning defined at sense 1":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "Middle English circumlocucyon , from Latin circumlocution-, circumlocutio , from circum- + locutio speech, from loqui to speak":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02ccs\u0259r-k\u0259m-l\u014d-\u02c8ky\u00fc-sh\u0259n"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[
      "equivocation",
      "shuffle",
      "tergiversation"
    ],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-103726",
    "type":[
      "adjective",
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "circumnavigate":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{},
    "examples":[
      "The ship circumnavigated the world.",
      "the first ship to circumnavigate the globe",
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "Having hiked more than 18,000 miles over 15 years on a mission to circumnavigate the globe on foot, 46-year-old Karl Bushby was approached in 2013 by a pair of filmmakers with a crazy proposal: walk 3,600 miles in the wrong direction. \u2014 Jay Bennett, Outside Online , 15 May 2015",
      "The Carnegie was the first expedition to circumnavigate the continent in a record-setting four months, the same year Earnest Shackleton attempted to traverse the region. \u2014 Kimberly Bowker, Smithsonian Magazine , 8 Mar. 2022",
      "In doing so, Rutherford, the daughter of two pilots, broke two Guinness World Records: one for being the youngest woman to make the journey, and another for being the first woman to circumnavigate the globe in a microlight aircraft. \u2014 Washington Post , 30 Mar. 2022",
      "Great Circle tells the story of a fictional female pilot, Marian Graves, and her attempt to circumnavigate the globe, by plane, from north to south. \u2014 Eva Holland, Outside Online , 30 Mar. 2022",
      "Nearly four years after setting out from Buenos Aires, German paddler Freya Hoffmeister became the first person to circumnavigate South America in a kayak. \u2014 The Editors, Outside Online , 1 May 2015",
      "Britain, which advocates a robust response that includes arming the Ukrainian military, is unhappy that its planes must circumnavigate Germany to do so, said Tobias Ellwood, who heads the defense committee in Britain\u2019s Parliament. \u2014 Washington Post , 24 Jan. 2022",
      "His plan is to be the first person to circumnavigate the globe from east to west and pole to pole without the help of motors, sails, or solar energy. \u2014 The Editors, Outside Online , 17 Nov. 2014",
      "The 19-year-old British-Belgian aviator used her gap year after high school to break two Guinness World records, becoming the first woman to circumnavigate the globe in a microlight aircraft and the youngest woman to make such a journey. \u2014 Washington Post , 21 Jan. 2022"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1634, in the meaning defined above":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "Latin circumnavigatus , past participle of circumnavigare to sail around, from circum- + navigare to navigate":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02ccs\u0259r-k\u0259m-\u02c8na-v\u0259-\u02ccg\u0101t"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[
      "circle",
      "circuit",
      "circumvent",
      "compass",
      "encircle",
      "girdle",
      "orbit",
      "ring",
      "round"
    ],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220706-170431",
    "type":[
      "noun",
      "verb"
    ]
  },
  "circumscribe":{
    "antonyms":[
      "exceed"
    ],
    "definitions":{
      ": to constrict (see constrict sense 1 ) the range or activity of definitely and clearly":[
        "his role was carefully circumscribed"
      ],
      ": to construct or be constructed around (a geometrical figure) so as to touch as many points as possible":[
        "a circle circumscribing a square"
      ],
      ": to define or mark off carefully":[
        "a study of plant species in a circumscribed area"
      ],
      ": to draw a line around":[
        "circumscribed the misspelled words"
      ],
      ": to surround by or as if by a boundary":[
        "fields circumscribed by tall trees"
      ]
    },
    "examples":[
      "The circle is circumscribed by a square.",
      "circumscribed his enthusiasm so as not to make the losing side feel worse",
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "Since January of last year, 42 states have introduced bills or taken other action that would circumscribe teaching on these sensitive subjects, according to a database maintained by Education Week. \u2014 Chelsea Sheasley, The Christian Science Monitor , 8 June 2022",
      "This record is unsurprising given the Supreme Court\u2019s 1980 opinion in Industrial Union Dept. AFL-CIO v. American Petroleum Institute, which held that Congress originally intended to narrowly circumscribe the authority to issue ETSs. \u2014 Joel Zinberg, National Review , 14 Sep. 2021",
      "All those very much circumscribe their ability to thrive. \u2014 Karin Wulf, Smithsonian Magazine , 5 Mar. 2021",
      "Still, the careful effort to circumscribe the retaliatory operation risks leaving the impression that Biden opted for a political strike rather than a substantive punishment. \u2014 Joel Gehrke, Washington Examiner , 26 Feb. 2021",
      "This is the effect of her books, too, in which vast, inhuman forces circumscribe her characters\u2019 most personal experiences. \u2014 Alice Gregory, The New Yorker , 9 Nov. 2020",
      "SuperBalls became the darlings of physics professors, who took them to classes and circumscribed their bounces in equations and matrices at just the moment when cheap Zectron knockoffs were hitting gumball machines worldwide. \u2014 New York Times , 3 Apr. 2020",
      "Contempt for Congress flourishes alongside an increasingly common belief among both Republicans and Democrats that the presidency is the main engine of government, rather than an office whose power was deliberately circumscribed by the Constitution. \u2014 Fergus M. Bordewich, Time , 21 Feb. 2020",
      "The election results will also affect the make-up of the committees, tightly circumscribed by Beijing, which every five years choose the chief executive. \u2014 The Economist , 21 Nov. 2019"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "15th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1a":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "Middle English circumscriven , from Latin circumscribere , from circum- + scribere to write, draw \u2014 more at scribe":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02c8s\u0259r-k\u0259m-\u02ccskr\u012bb"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"Choose the Right Synonym for circumscribe limit , restrict , circumscribe , confine mean to set bounds for. limit implies setting a point or line (as in time, space, speed, or degree) beyond which something cannot or is not permitted to go. visits are limited to 30 minutes restrict suggests a narrowing or tightening or restraining within or as if within an encircling boundary. laws intended to restrict the freedom of the press circumscribe stresses a restriction on all sides and by clearly defined boundaries. the work of the investigating committee was carefully circumscribed confine suggests severe restraint and a resulting cramping, fettering, or hampering. our choices were confined by finances",
    "synonyms":[
      "cap",
      "confine",
      "hold down",
      "limit",
      "restrict"
    ],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-084406",
    "type":[
      "verb"
    ]
  },
  "circumscribed":{
    "antonyms":[
      "exceed"
    ],
    "definitions":{
      ": to constrict (see constrict sense 1 ) the range or activity of definitely and clearly":[
        "his role was carefully circumscribed"
      ],
      ": to construct or be constructed around (a geometrical figure) so as to touch as many points as possible":[
        "a circle circumscribing a square"
      ],
      ": to define or mark off carefully":[
        "a study of plant species in a circumscribed area"
      ],
      ": to draw a line around":[
        "circumscribed the misspelled words"
      ],
      ": to surround by or as if by a boundary":[
        "fields circumscribed by tall trees"
      ]
    },
    "examples":[
      "The circle is circumscribed by a square.",
      "circumscribed his enthusiasm so as not to make the losing side feel worse",
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "Since January of last year, 42 states have introduced bills or taken other action that would circumscribe teaching on these sensitive subjects, according to a database maintained by Education Week. \u2014 Chelsea Sheasley, The Christian Science Monitor , 8 June 2022",
      "This record is unsurprising given the Supreme Court\u2019s 1980 opinion in Industrial Union Dept. AFL-CIO v. American Petroleum Institute, which held that Congress originally intended to narrowly circumscribe the authority to issue ETSs. \u2014 Joel Zinberg, National Review , 14 Sep. 2021",
      "All those very much circumscribe their ability to thrive. \u2014 Karin Wulf, Smithsonian Magazine , 5 Mar. 2021",
      "Still, the careful effort to circumscribe the retaliatory operation risks leaving the impression that Biden opted for a political strike rather than a substantive punishment. \u2014 Joel Gehrke, Washington Examiner , 26 Feb. 2021",
      "This is the effect of her books, too, in which vast, inhuman forces circumscribe her characters\u2019 most personal experiences. \u2014 Alice Gregory, The New Yorker , 9 Nov. 2020",
      "SuperBalls became the darlings of physics professors, who took them to classes and circumscribed their bounces in equations and matrices at just the moment when cheap Zectron knockoffs were hitting gumball machines worldwide. \u2014 New York Times , 3 Apr. 2020",
      "Contempt for Congress flourishes alongside an increasingly common belief among both Republicans and Democrats that the presidency is the main engine of government, rather than an office whose power was deliberately circumscribed by the Constitution. \u2014 Fergus M. Bordewich, Time , 21 Feb. 2020",
      "The election results will also affect the make-up of the committees, tightly circumscribed by Beijing, which every five years choose the chief executive. \u2014 The Economist , 21 Nov. 2019"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "15th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1a":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "Middle English circumscriven , from Latin circumscribere , from circum- + scribere to write, draw \u2014 more at scribe":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02c8s\u0259r-k\u0259m-\u02ccskr\u012bb"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"Choose the Right Synonym for circumscribe limit , restrict , circumscribe , confine mean to set bounds for. limit implies setting a point or line (as in time, space, speed, or degree) beyond which something cannot or is not permitted to go. visits are limited to 30 minutes restrict suggests a narrowing or tightening or restraining within or as if within an encircling boundary. laws intended to restrict the freedom of the press circumscribe stresses a restriction on all sides and by clearly defined boundaries. the work of the investigating committee was carefully circumscribed confine suggests severe restraint and a resulting cramping, fettering, or hampering. our choices were confined by finances",
    "synonyms":[
      "cap",
      "confine",
      "hold down",
      "limit",
      "restrict"
    ],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220706-174048",
    "type":[
      "verb"
    ]
  },
  "circumscription":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": a circumscribed area or district":[],
      ": definition , delimitation":[
        "the circumscription of her duties"
      ],
      ": limit , boundary":[],
      ": limitation":[],
      ": restriction":[
        "a circumscription of his power to act"
      ],
      ": something that circumscribes : such as":[],
      ": the act of circumscribing : the state of being circumscribed : such as":[]
    },
    "examples":[
      "such circumscriptions on the freedom of speech are antithetical to a free and open society",
      "electronic monitoring bracelets are sometimes used to impose a circumscription of movement on people awaiting trial",
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "That said, the impact of Mr. Cervas\u2019s circumscription has already been profound, creating the likelihood of highly competitive general-election campaigns from Long Island to upstate New York. \u2014 New York Times , 28 May 2022",
      "Longtime readers of the site, though, have noted that the site no longer functions this way, in part because the Internet isn\u2019t currently a space conducive to blinders and circumscription . \u2014 Ross Scarano, Billboard , 6 May 2019",
      "REM candidates made the second round in 453 circumscriptions and its MoDem allies qualified in another 62. \u2014 Gregory Viscusi, Bloomberg.com , 18 June 2017"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1531, in the meaning defined at sense 1":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "Latin circumscription-, circumscriptio , from circumscribere":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02ccs\u0259r-k\u0259m-\u02c8skrip-sh\u0259n"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[
      "check",
      "condition",
      "constraint",
      "curb",
      "fetter",
      "limitation",
      "restraint",
      "restriction",
      "stricture"
    ],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-010555",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "circumspect":{
    "antonyms":[
      "careless",
      "heedless",
      "incautious",
      "unguarded",
      "unmindful",
      "unsafe",
      "unwary"
    ],
    "definitions":{
      ": careful to consider all circumstances and possible consequences : prudent":[
        "diplomacy required a circumspect response",
        "They are circumspect in all their business dealings."
      ]
    },
    "examples":[
      "she has a reputation for being quiet and circumspect in investigating charges of child abuse",
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "However, Shanahan was more circumspect when asked a follow-up question. \u2014 Eric Branch, San Francisco Chronicle , 7 June 2022",
      "European heads of state hailed the decision as a watershed, but analysts were more circumspect . \u2014 Lorne Cook And Samuel Petrequin, The Christian Science Monitor , 2 June 2022",
      "European heads of state hailed the decision as a watershed, but analysts were more circumspect . \u2014 Fox News , 31 May 2022",
      "It\u2019s not entirely clear why the US government, which for weeks had been more circumspect in its approach, reclassified Griner as a wrongful detainee. \u2014 BostonGlobe.com , 13 May 2022",
      "Representative Pramila Jayapal, the chair of the Congressional Progressive Caucus, was more circumspect . \u2014 Grace Segers, The New Republic , 28 Apr. 2022",
      "However, attorneys at legal services organizations that support asylum seekers in Tijuana and along the U.S.-Mexico border were more circumspect in their reactions to the decision. \u2014 Kate Morrissey, San Diego Union-Tribune , 4 Mar. 2022",
      "Buckingham Palace has been extremely circumspect with details about the queen\u2019s health. \u2014 New York Times , 20 Feb. 2022",
      "Thus, in a Wednesday feature for the Hollywood Reporter, Elgort\u2019s co-stars Rachel Zegler, Rita Moreno and Ariana DeBose addressed the allegation and \u2014 as the publication noted \u2014 were circumspect with their answers and lapped praise on the actor. \u2014 Nardine Saad, Los Angeles Times , 27 Jan. 2022"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "15th century, in the meaning defined above":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "Middle English, from Middle French or Latin; Middle French circonspect , from Latin circumspectus , from past participle of circumspicere to look around, be cautious, from circum- + specere to look \u2014 more at spy":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02c8s\u0259r-k\u0259m-\u02ccspekt"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"Choose the Right Synonym for circumspect cautious , circumspect , wary , chary mean prudently watchful and discreet in the face of danger or risk. cautious implies the exercise of forethought usually prompted by fear of danger. a cautious driver circumspect suggests less fear and stresses the surveying of all possible consequences before acting or deciding. circumspect in his business dealings wary emphasizes suspiciousness and alertness in watching for danger and cunning in escaping it. keeps a wary eye on the competition chary implies a cautious reluctance to give, act, or speak freely. chary of signing papers without having read them first",
    "synonyms":[
      "alert",
      "careful",
      "cautious",
      "chary",
      "conservative",
      "considerate",
      "gingerly",
      "guarded",
      "heedful",
      "safe",
      "wary"
    ],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220706-231839",
    "type":[
      "adjective",
      "adverb",
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "circumspection":{
    "antonyms":[
      "careless",
      "heedless",
      "incautious",
      "unguarded",
      "unmindful",
      "unsafe",
      "unwary"
    ],
    "definitions":{
      ": careful to consider all circumstances and possible consequences : prudent":[
        "diplomacy required a circumspect response",
        "They are circumspect in all their business dealings."
      ]
    },
    "examples":[
      "she has a reputation for being quiet and circumspect in investigating charges of child abuse",
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "However, Shanahan was more circumspect when asked a follow-up question. \u2014 Eric Branch, San Francisco Chronicle , 7 June 2022",
      "European heads of state hailed the decision as a watershed, but analysts were more circumspect . \u2014 Lorne Cook And Samuel Petrequin, The Christian Science Monitor , 2 June 2022",
      "European heads of state hailed the decision as a watershed, but analysts were more circumspect . \u2014 Fox News , 31 May 2022",
      "It\u2019s not entirely clear why the US government, which for weeks had been more circumspect in its approach, reclassified Griner as a wrongful detainee. \u2014 BostonGlobe.com , 13 May 2022",
      "Representative Pramila Jayapal, the chair of the Congressional Progressive Caucus, was more circumspect . \u2014 Grace Segers, The New Republic , 28 Apr. 2022",
      "However, attorneys at legal services organizations that support asylum seekers in Tijuana and along the U.S.-Mexico border were more circumspect in their reactions to the decision. \u2014 Kate Morrissey, San Diego Union-Tribune , 4 Mar. 2022",
      "Buckingham Palace has been extremely circumspect with details about the queen\u2019s health. \u2014 New York Times , 20 Feb. 2022",
      "Thus, in a Wednesday feature for the Hollywood Reporter, Elgort\u2019s co-stars Rachel Zegler, Rita Moreno and Ariana DeBose addressed the allegation and \u2014 as the publication noted \u2014 were circumspect with their answers and lapped praise on the actor. \u2014 Nardine Saad, Los Angeles Times , 27 Jan. 2022"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "15th century, in the meaning defined above":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "Middle English, from Middle French or Latin; Middle French circonspect , from Latin circumspectus , from past participle of circumspicere to look around, be cautious, from circum- + specere to look \u2014 more at spy":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02c8s\u0259r-k\u0259m-\u02ccspekt"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"Choose the Right Synonym for circumspect cautious , circumspect , wary , chary mean prudently watchful and discreet in the face of danger or risk. cautious implies the exercise of forethought usually prompted by fear of danger. a cautious driver circumspect suggests less fear and stresses the surveying of all possible consequences before acting or deciding. circumspect in his business dealings wary emphasizes suspiciousness and alertness in watching for danger and cunning in escaping it. keeps a wary eye on the competition chary implies a cautious reluctance to give, act, or speak freely. chary of signing papers without having read them first",
    "synonyms":[
      "alert",
      "careful",
      "cautious",
      "chary",
      "conservative",
      "considerate",
      "gingerly",
      "guarded",
      "heedful",
      "safe",
      "wary"
    ],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-020202",
    "type":[
      "adjective",
      "adverb",
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "circumstance":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": a condition, fact, or event accompanying, conditioning, or determining another : an essential or inevitable concomitant":[
        "the weather is a circumstance to be taken into consideration"
      ],
      ": a piece of evidence that indicates the probability or improbability of an event (such as a crime)":[
        "the circumstance of the missing weapon told against him",
        "the circumstances suggest murder"
      ],
      ": a subordinate or accessory (see accessory entry 2 sense 2 ) fact or detail":[
        "cost is a minor circumstance in this case"
      ],
      ": an event that constitutes a detail (as of a narrative or course of events)":[
        "considering each circumstance in turn"
      ],
      ": attendant formalities and ritualistic display especially as contrasted with essential procedure":[
        "pride, pomp, and circumstance of glorious war",
        "\u2014 William Shakespeare"
      ],
      ": situation with regard to wealth":[
        "he was in easy circumstances",
        "rose from difficult circumstances"
      ],
      ": state of affairs : eventuality":[
        "open rebellion was a rare circumstance",
        "\u2014 often used in plural a victim of circumstances"
      ],
      ": the sum of essential and environmental factors (as of an event or situation)":[
        "constant and rapid change in economic circumstance",
        "\u2014 G. M. Trevelyan"
      ]
    },
    "examples":[
      "I can't imagine a circumstance in which I would do that.",
      "The circumstances of his death are suspicious.",
      "She says that her client is a victim of circumstance and should not be blamed for the accident.",
      "He was a victim of circumstances .",
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "Given the circumstance , everyone assumed a playoff. \u2014 Paul Daugherty, The Enquirer , 20 June 2022",
      "The Jefferson County Sheriff\u2019s Office is investigating the circumstance surrounding the death. \u2014 Carol Robinson | Crobinson@al.com, al , 20 June 2022",
      "Ely recognized that becoming pregnant, in the wrong circumstance , can ruin a person\u2019s life. \u2014 New York Times , 20 May 2022",
      "Meghan noted that her backstory is like so many others' \u2014 but her current circumstance (and the freedom of financial stability) is what set her apart from an average American parent's experience. \u2014 Stephanie Petit, PEOPLE.com , 11 May 2022",
      "The special circumstance means Villegas could face either life in prison or the possibility of execution if convicted. \u2014 Teri Figueroa, San Diego Union-Tribune , 9 May 2022",
      "Both circumstance and their own recruiting successes have forced this approach in 2023. \u2014 Stephen Means, cleveland , 8 June 2022",
      "Each of them responded to the same basic challenge\u2014Western imperialism\u2014but their thinking refracted through the vagaries of personal temperament and circumstance . \u2014 Bo Seo, The Atlantic , 1 June 2022",
      "Driven together by heritage and circumstance , families became close knit. \u2014 Christopher Borrelli, Chicago Tribune , 30 May 2022"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "13th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1a":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "Middle English, from Anglo-French, from Latin circumstantia , from circumstant-, circumstans , present participle of circumstare to stand around, from circum- + stare to stand \u2014 more at stand":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "-st\u0259n(t)s",
      "\u02c8s\u0259r-k\u0259m-\u02ccstans",
      "\u02c8s\u0259r-k\u0259m-\u02ccstan(t)s"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"Choose the Right Synonym for circumstance occurrence , event , incident , episode , circumstance mean something that happens or takes place. occurrence may apply to a happening without intent, volition, or plan. an encounter that was a chance occurrence event usually implies an occurrence of some importance and frequently one having antecedent cause. the events following the assassination incident suggests an occurrence of brief duration or secondary importance. a minor wartime incident episode stresses the distinctiveness or apartness of an incident. a brief romantic episode in a life devoted to work circumstance implies a specific detail attending an action or event as part of its setting or background. couldn't recall the exact circumstances",
    "synonyms":[
      "destiny",
      "doom",
      "fate",
      "fortune",
      "kismet",
      "lot",
      "portion"
    ],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220706-180737",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "circumstantial":{
    "antonyms":[
      "compendious",
      "summary"
    ],
    "definitions":{
      ": belonging to, consisting in, or dependent on circumstances":[
        "a circumstantial case",
        "circumstantial factors",
        "circumstantial evidence"
      ],
      ": ceremonial":[
        "the circumstantial splendor of the coronation"
      ],
      ": marked by careful attention to detail : abounding in factual details":[
        "a circumstantial account of the fight"
      ],
      ": pertinent but not essential : incidental":[
        "Revolutions usually happen for both structural and circumstantial reasons.",
        "\u2014 A. M. S. Aly"
      ]
    },
    "examples":[
      "The evidence is purely circumstantial .",
      "The case against him is circumstantial .",
      "a circumstantial account of the meeting",
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "Prosecutors laid out a circumstantial case against the pair. \u2014 Richard Wintonstaff Writer, Los Angeles Times , 13 June 2022",
      "The power of Salvador Ramos\u2019 weapon was not a circumstantial aspect of the attack, but a central one. \u2014 Kevin Rector, Los Angeles Times , 28 May 2022",
      "The evidence presented by prosecutor Jacqie Spradling wasn't just circumstantial . \u2014 Graham Kates, CBS News , 20 May 2022",
      "Yet all his evidence was still circumstantial , and after several years, the ELF was beginning to look uncatchable. \u2014 New York Times , 26 May 2022",
      "That kind of outperformance makes a strong circumstantial case that the stimulus payments drove investments, Prof. Greenwood says. \u2014 Mark Hulbert, WSJ , 4 Mar. 2022",
      "The evidence pointing to Griffith Park\u2019s resident mountain lion was circumstantial , but damning. \u2014 Los Angeles Times , 21 Apr. 2022",
      "Prosecutors laid out a circumstantial case against the pair. \u2014 Richard Winton, Los Angeles Times , 21 Apr. 2022",
      "Analysts say that Gulf oil exporters are aware that much of the demand is circumstantial , driven by market disruptions after Russia's invasion of Ukraine and will inevitably drop. \u2014 Nadeen Ebrahim, CNN , 4 Apr. 2022"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1600, in the meaning defined at sense 1":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "see circumstance":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02ccs\u0259r-k\u0259m-\u02c8stan-ch\u0259l",
      "\u02ccs\u0259r-k\u0259m-\u02c8stan(t)-sh\u0259l"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"Choose the Right Synonym for circumstantial circumstantial , minute , particular , detailed mean dealing with a matter fully and usually point by point. circumstantial implies fullness of detail that fixes something described in time and space. a circumstantial account of our visit minute implies close and searching attention to the smallest details. a minute examination of a fossil particular implies a precise attention to every detail. a particular description of the scene of the crime detailed stresses abundance or completeness of detail. a detailed analysis of the event",
    "synonyms":[
      "blow-by-blow",
      "detailed",
      "elaborate",
      "full",
      "minute",
      "particular",
      "particularized",
      "thorough"
    ],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-013233",
    "type":[
      "adjective",
      "adverb",
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "circumstantiate":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": to supply with circumstantial evidence or support":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{
      "circa 1652, in the meaning defined above":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{},
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02ccs\u0259r-k\u0259m-\u02c8stan(t)-sh\u0113-\u02cc\u0101t"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220706-112400",
    "type":[
      "verb"
    ]
  },
  "circumstellar":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": surrounding or occurring in the vicinity of a star":[
        "circumstellar dust"
      ]
    },
    "examples":[
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "In addition, intense surface winds cause a gaseous cloud known as a circumstellar envelope to form around the star. \u2014 Jennifer Ouellette, Ars Technica , 29 Mar. 2022",
      "The data revealed evidence of dense circumstellar material around the star at the time of the explosion. \u2014 Julia Musto, Fox News , 14 Jan. 2022",
      "Hubble was able to spot circumstellar material around the star shortly after the explosion. \u2014 Ashley Strickland, CNN , 21 Oct. 2021",
      "As material continues to gently fall onto the central proto-star, a circumstellar disk emerges around it. \u2014 Ethan Siegel, Forbes , 16 Apr. 2021",
      "Planets form from a disk of gas and dust around a star, called the circumstellar disk. \u2014 Ashley Strickland, CNN , 14 Sep. 2020",
      "This is where planets form, and it's called the circumstellar disk. \u2014 Ashley Strickland, CNN , 3 Sep. 2020",
      "Meanwhile the study of circumstellar disks and planet formation has exploded. \u2014 Meredith A. Macgregor, Scientific American , 19 May 2020",
      "This band is called the circumstellar habitable zone (CHZ) and has become one of the central ideas driving scientists\u2019 thoughts about life on exoplanets. \u2014 James Trefil And Michael Summers, Smithsonian Magazine , 31 Dec. 2019"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1951, in the meaning defined above":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{},
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02ccs\u0259r-k\u0259m-\u02c8ste-l\u0259r"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220708-084508",
    "type":[
      "adjective"
    ]
  },
  "circumstellar disk":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": a ring of gaseous matter surrounding a star":[
        "For the next several million years, this brand new solar system retains its circumstellar disk , where planets slowly accumulate into alien worlds.",
        "\u2014 Fred Adams and Gregory Laughlin , The Five Ages of the Universe , 1999",
        "As angular resolution improved and it became possible to observe young stars at infrared (IR) wavelengths, the jets were seen to emerge along the polar axes of structures called circumstellar disks that consist of gas and dust orbiting the stars in relatively thin planes.",
        "\u2014 C. Robert O'Dell et al. , Science , 30 May 1997"
      ],
      "\u2014 compare accretion disk":[
        "For the next several million years, this brand new solar system retains its circumstellar disk , where planets slowly accumulate into alien worlds.",
        "\u2014 Fred Adams and Gregory Laughlin , The Five Ages of the Universe , 1999",
        "As angular resolution improved and it became possible to observe young stars at infrared (IR) wavelengths, the jets were seen to emerge along the polar axes of structures called circumstellar disks that consist of gas and dust orbiting the stars in relatively thin planes.",
        "\u2014 C. Robert O'Dell et al. , Science , 30 May 1997"
      ]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1972, in the meaning defined above":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{},
    "pronounciation":[],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-010546",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "circumterrestrial":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": revolving about or surrounding the earth":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{},
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "circum- + terrestrial":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\"+"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-055656",
    "type":[
      "adjective"
    ]
  },
  "circumtropical":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": surrounding or distributed throughout the tropics \u2014 compare tropicopolitan":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{},
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "circum- + tropical":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-064955",
    "type":[
      "adjective"
    ]
  },
  "circumvallate":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": being any of approximately 12 large papillae near the back of the tongue each of which is surrounded with a marginal sulcus and supplied with taste buds responsive especially to bitter flavors":[],
      ": to surround by or as if by a rampart":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{
      "circa 1798, in the meaning defined above":"Verb",
      "circa 1852, in the meaning defined above":"Adjective"
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "Latin circumvallatus , past participle of circumvallare to surround with siege works, from circum- + vallum rampart \u2014 more at wall":"Verb"
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "-\u02c8va-l\u0259t",
      "\u02ccs\u0259r-k\u0259m-\u02c8va-\u02ccl\u0101t",
      "\u02ccs\u0259r-k\u0259m-\u02c8val-\u02cc\u0101t, -\u02c8val-\u0259t"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-081411",
    "type":[
      "adjective",
      "noun",
      "verb"
    ]
  },
  "circumvene":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": circumvent":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{},
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "French circonvenir , from Latin circumvenire to surround, afflict, cheat":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-011217",
    "type":[
      "transitive verb"
    ]
  },
  "circumvent":{
    "antonyms":[
      "comply (with)",
      "follow",
      "keep",
      "obey",
      "observe"
    ],
    "definitions":{
      ": to hem in":[
        "Circumvented by the enemy, he had to surrender."
      ],
      ": to make a circuit around":[
        "the river circumvented"
      ],
      ": to manage to get around especially by ingenuity or stratagem":[
        "the setup circumvented the red tape",
        "\u2014 Lynne McTaggart",
        "circumvent a problem"
      ]
    },
    "examples":[
      "Los Angeles was the beachhead for the sushi invasion, attracting many Japanese chefs eager to make their fortunes and to circumvent the grueling 10-year apprenticeship required in their homeland. \u2014 Jay McInerney , New York Times Book Review , 10 June 2007",
      "\u2026 Rondon and Lyra paddled to the right side, where they found a channel that circumvented the worst part of the rapids. \u2014 Candice Millard , The River of Doubt , 2005",
      "His appreciation of this finer side of life is circumvented by a cynicism that he tells me is common to Eastern Europeans. \u2014 Lynne Tillman , Motion Sickness , 1991",
      "The thirty-six-hour workweek established by the garment-industry code was circumvented by having the workers punch out at five P.M., leave by the back door (their usual entrance), then return by the front door and work until eleven P.M. without punching the clock. \u2014 Melissa Hield , Speaking For Ourselves , (1977) 1984",
      "We circumvented the problem by using a different program.",
      "He found a way to circumvent the law.",
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "Moviemakers working on religious-themed projects often find innovative ways to circumvent those concerns. \u2014 Nic Robertson, CNN , 15 June 2022",
      "In Germany, agricultural ministers from the Group of 7, representing the world\u2019s wealthiest democracies, discussed ways to circumvent Russian warships that have blocked Ukrainian grain from reaching global markets through the Black Sea. \u2014 New York Times , 13 May 2022",
      "Miners have been trying to find ways to circumvent the LHR limitations since they were introduced. \u2014 Andrew Cunningham, Ars Technica , 9 May 2022",
      "In an effort to re-establish the doctor-patient relationship without suffocating third parties, some have engineered innovative ways to circumvent this looming problem. \u2014 Prem Ramkumar, Forbes , 19 Mar. 2022",
      "ProtonVPN, which Droze says has been inventive in finding ways to circumvent Russian blocking, reports clocking ten times as many daily signups than before the war. \u2014 Frank Bajak And Barbara Ortutay, Anchorage Daily News , 13 Mar. 2022",
      "There will likely be ways to circumvent these rules, though. \u2014 Olivia Goldhill, STAT , 10 Mar. 2022",
      "Coronavirus cases are surging within the LAPD as city officials work to finalize a vaccination mandate, and those who oppose the requirement search for ways to circumvent it. \u2014 Los Angeles Times , 28 Aug. 2021",
      "In addition to not wearing masks, some unvaccinated workers have figured out other ways to circumvent the rules by engaging in petty theft, according to the Baltimore worker. \u2014 NBC News , 23 July 2021"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1539, in the meaning defined at sense 2a":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "Latin circumventus , past participle of circumvenire , from circum- + venire to come \u2014 more at come":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02ccs\u0259r-k\u0259m-\u02c8vent"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[
      "beat",
      "bypass",
      "dodge",
      "get around",
      "shortcut",
      "sidestep",
      "skirt"
    ],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-000047",
    "type":[
      "noun",
      "verb"
    ]
  },
  "circumvolute":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": to encircle or entangle with something twisted or wound around":[],
      ": to wind or turn in volutions especially in an inward spiral (as of a snail shell or the capital scroll of an Ionic column)":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{},
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "Latin circumvolutus , past participle of circumvolvere to revolve, roll around, from circum- + volvere to roll":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u00a6s\u0259rk\u0259mv\u014d\u00a6l\u00fct",
      "(\u02cc)s\u0259r\u02c8k\u0259mv\u0259\u02ccl\u00fct"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-100421",
    "type":[
      "verb"
    ]
  },
  "circumvolution":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": an act or instance of turning around an axis":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{
      "15th century, in the meaning defined above":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "Middle English cyrcumvolucyoun, borrowed from Medieval Latin circumvol\u016bti\u014dn-, circumvol\u016bti\u014d \"rotation, revolution,\" from Latin circumvol\u016b-, variant stem of circumvolvere \"to cause to revolve, twine or coil round,\" from circum- circum- + volvere \"to set in a circular course, cause to roll\" \u2014 more at wallow entry 1":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02ccs\u0259r-k\u0259m-v\u014d-",
      "s\u0259r-\u02cck\u0259m-v\u0259-\u02c8l\u00fc-sh\u0259n"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-020543",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "circumvolve":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": to wind, wrap, or bend round : surround , envelop":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{},
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "Latin circumvolvere":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-052619",
    "type":[
      "transitive verb"
    ]
  },
  "circumzenithal arc":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": a bright rainbow-colored circular halo arc about the zenith as center convex to the sun and about 46 degrees above it":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{},
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "International Scientific Vocabulary circum- + zenithal ; originally formed as French circumz\u00e9nithal":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220706-164058",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "circus":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": a circus performance":[],
      ": a large arena enclosed by tiers of seats on three or all four sides and used especially for sports or spectacles (such as athletic contests, exhibitions of horsemanship, or in ancient times chariot racing)":[],
      ": a public spectacle":[],
      ": a usually circular area at an intersection of streets":[],
      ": an arena often covered by a tent and used for variety shows usually including feats of physical skill, wild animal acts, and performances by clowns":[],
      ": circle , ring":[],
      ": something suggestive of a circus (as in frenzied activity, sensationalism, theatricality, or razzle-dazzle)":[
        "a media circus"
      ],
      ": the physical plant, livestock, and personnel of such a circus":[]
    },
    "examples":[
      "He worked for a small circus .",
      "We're going to the circus .",
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "With her childlike, faceless sketches, Delvey shows far less promise as an artist than as a canny cultural critic, with her work often alluding to the media circus around herself and her trial. \u2014 Ej Dickson, Rolling Stone , 20 May 2022",
      "In the big top heyday of the \u201950s and \u201960s, circus animals were viewed as exciting and glamorous. \u2014 Carolyn Wells, Longreads , 11 June 2021",
      "Various circus animals were featured on product packaging and in ads while a lion became the symbol for the company. \u2014 David Kindy, Smithsonian Magazine , 17 May 2021",
      "Many animal lovers have followed the debate over performing circus animals for years. \u2014 Skyler Kardell, National Geographic , 24 Sep. 2020",
      "His fellow cast of talking animals includes other circus animals, including Ruby the elephant, Henrietta the chicken, Bob the dog, Murphy the rabbit and Frankie the seal. \u2014 Katey Clifford, al , 14 Aug. 2020",
      "But like Gamergate, which took an obscure gaming-community controversy and inflated it into an internet-wide anti-feminist harassment campaign and a broader right-wing movement, this nihilistic circus is a potentially radicalizing event. \u2014 New York Times , 26 May 2022",
      "The sketch goes on to mock the trial\u2019s circus -like atmosphere. \u2014 Megan Garber, The Atlantic , 26 May 2022",
      "But the company, to its credit, has managed to thrive in spite of the often circus -like atmosphere surrounding Musk. \u2014 Paul R. La Monica, CNN , 18 Apr. 2022"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1a":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "Middle English, from Latin, circle, circus \u2014 more at circle":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02c8s\u0259r-k\u0259s"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[
      "bowl",
      "coliseum",
      "colosseum",
      "stadium"
    ],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-014321",
    "type":[
      "adjective",
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "cirque":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": a deep steep-walled basin on a mountain usually forming the blunt end of a valley":[],
      ": circle , circlet":[],
      ": circus":[]
    },
    "examples":[
      "the harvest moon was a glowing cirque in autumn sky",
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "Go ultra early to avoid swarms of people, and enjoy an easy stroll through a dense pine forest that spits you out at the foot of Hallett Peak\u2019s impressive alpine cirque . \u2014 Emily Pennington, Outside Online , 16 Oct. 2020",
      "Situated along the main scenic drive in Great Basin National Park, this viewpoint gazes out at a craggy alpine cirque , ancient bristlecone forests, and, of course, the summit proper. \u2014 Emily Pennington, Outside Online , 10 Jan. 2022",
      "From Holiday in the Park at Six Flags to a holiday cirque show, there is plenty to do this season. \u2014 Annie Alleman, chicagotribune.com , 15 Nov. 2021",
      "The lake, a glacial tarn called Roopkund, was more than sixteen thousand feet above sea level, an arduous five-day trek from human habitation, in a mountain cirque surrounded by snowfields and battered by storms. \u2014 Douglas Preston, The New Yorker , 7 Dec. 2020",
      "The 24-hour cirque du ol\u00e9 of Mi Tierra Cafe y Panader\u00eda downtown is a Tex-Mex touchstone. \u2014 Mike Sutter, ExpressNews.com , 6 Feb. 2020",
      "Featuring cirque artists and theatrical talent, this show is jam-packed with seasonal spirit. \u2014 al , 4 Dec. 2019",
      "Experience the magic of Christmas with dazzling performers and cirque artists, accompanied by holiday music. \u2014 Jennifer Boehm, sun-sentinel.com , 3 Dec. 2019",
      "For those who can handle the terrain in the cirque formed by Union Peak, Jacque Peak and Tucker Mountain, the rewards go beyond taming the steeps: The views back there are phenomenal. \u2014 John Meyer, The Know , 20 Nov. 2019"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1601, in the meaning defined at sense 1":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "French, from Latin circus":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02c8s\u0259rk"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[
      "circle",
      "ring",
      "round",
      "roundel"
    ],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-095914",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "cis-":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": characterized by having certain atoms or groups of atoms on the same side of the longitudinal axis of a double bond or of the plane of a ring in a molecule":[
        "\u2026 this process changes the cis form of naturally occurring fats to the trans form \u2026",
        "\u2014 Sue Rodwell Williams"
      ],
      ": cis":[
        "cis- dichloroethylene"
      ],
      ": cisgender":[
        "\u2026 this whole experiment is framed within the experiences of a cis woman.",
        "\u2014 Lani Irving"
      ],
      ": on this side":[
        "cis lunar",
        "cis atlantic"
      ],
      ": relating to or being an arrangement of two very closely linked genes in the heterozygous condition in which both mutant alleles are on one chromosome and both wild-type alleles are on the homologous chromosome \u2014 compare trans sense 3":[],
      "Commonwealth of Independent States":[],
      "\u2014 compare trans- sense 2b":[
        "cis- dichloroethylene"
      ]
    },
    "examples":[
      "Recent Examples on the Web: Adjective",
      "This new therapist was cis male, Jewish, and was actually trained in sports psychology. \u2014 Anna Borges, SELF , 22 Oct. 2019",
      "In cis women, nonconcordance happens about 90% of the time, meaning only 10% of the time do their genitals/brains match up. \u2014 Anna Pulley, chicagotribune.com , 23 Sep. 2019",
      "My first was with my spouse (who is non-binary) and a cis man, the second with my spouse and a cis woman. \u2014 Irina Gonzalez, Glamour , 12 Sep. 2019",
      "Support organizations and causes that specifically center LGBTQ people and transgender people who need reproductive health care, and not just cis women. \u2014 Elly Belle, Teen Vogue , 17 May 2019",
      "That has started to change recently, but by and large cis people still hold the power to frame trans lives for the masses. \u2014 Katelyn Burns, The New Republic , 30 Dec. 2019",
      "As last night\u2019s excellent moderators demonstrated, to get ahead, genders and identities other than cis men have to be nearly superhuman. \u2014 Andrea Bartz, Marie Claire , 21 Nov. 2019",
      "The news comes after Pose star Mj Rodriguez became the first trans actress to play the cis character Audrey in a main stage production of Little Shop of Horrors. \u2014 EW.com , 27 Sep. 2019",
      "Rodriguez also lauded Pose for writing trans characters with nuances usually reserved for cis characters. \u2014 Joe Lynch, Billboard , 8 Aug. 2019"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1888, in the meaning defined at sense 1":"Adjective"
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "Latin, from cis \u2014 more at he":"Prefix",
      "Latin, literally, on this side":"Adjective"
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02c8sis"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-203421",
    "type":[
      "abbreviation",
      "adjective",
      "prefix"
    ]
  },
  "citable":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": to bring forward or call to another's attention especially as an example, proof, or precedent":[
        "cited the weather as a reason for canceling the picnic",
        "cited several studies that support his theory"
      ],
      ": to call upon officially or authoritatively to appear (as before a court)":[],
      ": to name in a citation":[
        "cited by the trustees for his work in public health"
      ],
      ": to quote by way of example, authority, or proof":[
        "cites several noteworthy authors"
      ]
    },
    "examples":[
      "The article cites several experts on the subject.",
      "The museum had often been cited as an example of successful fund-raising.",
      "He cited evidence suggesting she was in the area when the crime was committed.",
      "She was cited for reckless driving.",
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "The vast majority of abortions occur at or before 13 weeks, and people who seek abortions later than that frequently cite barriers to accessing care or discovery of a medical complication. \u2014 al , 29 June 2022",
      "The vast majority of abortions occur at or before 13 weeks, and people who seek abortions later than that frequently cite barriers to accessing care or discovery of a medical complication. \u2014 Sara Reardon, CBS News , 27 June 2022",
      "Kessler will undoubtedly cite the fact that two separate grand juries in Texas declined to indict Watson on criminal charges, and that there\u2019s no concrete evidence of misconduct. \u2014 cleveland , 27 June 2022",
      "Rwanda's hosting of the summit is contentious to some who cite the East African country's poor human rights record under Paul Kagame, an authoritarian leader who has been de facto leader or president since a 1994 genocide. \u2014 Ignatius Ssuuna, ajc , 24 June 2022",
      "Los Angeles County sheriff\u2019s deputies disproportionately contact, cite and arrest Black students in the Antelope Valley, according to a new report by the county Inspector General\u2019s Office. \u2014 Emily Elena Dugdale, ProPublica , 17 June 2022",
      "His email further complained that Saban didn't cite any facts to support his statement, right after Fisher offered none, either, in leveling vague allegations of his own. \u2014 Chase Goodbread, USA TODAY , 16 June 2022",
      "The Victoria Miro Gallery, which represents her, announced her death but did not cite a specific cause. \u2014 Harrison Smith, Washington Post , 10 June 2022",
      "Hogan referred to the longtime comptroller\u2019s steps in recent years to unilaterally extend tax deadlines, but did not specifically cite any legal methods for Franchot to stop the automatic increase. \u2014 Sam Janesch, Baltimore Sun , 23 May 2022"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "15th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "Middle English, from Anglo-French citer to cite, summon, from Latin citare to put in motion, rouse, summon, from frequentative of ci\u0113re to stir, move \u2014 more at -kinesis":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02c8s\u012bt"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"Choose the Right Synonym for cite summon , call , cite , convoke , convene , muster mean to demand the presence of. summon implies the exercise of authority. was summoned to answer charges call may be used less formally for summon . called the legislature into special session cite implies a summoning to court usually to answer a charge. cited for drunken driving convoke implies a summons to assemble for deliberative or legislative purposes. convoked a Vatican council convene is somewhat less formal than convoke . convened the students muster suggests a calling up of a number of things that form a group in order that they may be exhibited, displayed, or utilized as a whole. mustered the troops",
    "synonyms":[
      "adduce",
      "instance",
      "mention",
      "quote"
    ],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-060737",
    "type":[
      "adjective",
      "transitive verb",
      "verb"
    ]
  },
  "citadel":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": a fortress that commands (see command entry 1 sense 2c ) a city":[],
      ": stronghold":[
        "the nation's citadel of health research",
        "\u2014 Constance Holden",
        "a citadel of higher education"
      ]
    },
    "examples":[
      "We visited a medieval citadel in Italy.",
      "a massive stone citadel continues to command the city of Halifax, Nova Scotia",
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "Unfortunately, the ancient hall was built over the citadel \u2019s latrines. \u2014 Amanda Foreman, WSJ , 9 June 2022",
      "Nestled in the Andes between the ancient citadel of Machu Picchu and the Incan capital Cusco, this eco-friendly resort sits amid one of the world's most spectacular landscapes. \u2014 CNN , 27 Apr. 2022",
      "At this moment in history, the UAE is working hard to establish itself as a citadel of tolerance in the Islamic world. \u2014 The Salt Lake Tribune , 5 June 2022",
      "But in times like these, a rabid fox spreading terror in the citadel of US democracy is the kind of Washington metaphor that writes itself. \u2014 Stephen Collinson, CNN , 7 Apr. 2022",
      "This special-purpose computer acts as a type of AI confinement citadel . \u2014 Lance Eliot, Forbes , 5 May 2022",
      "On the far side of the citadel , a mysterious trench bisects a field of bedrock. \u2014 New York Times , 20 Apr. 2022",
      "Work on the citadel will include extensive restorations, as well as the creation of a new museum. \u2014 Gisela Williams, Travel + Leisure , 15 Mar. 2022",
      "No sources before 1912 refer to the citadel as Machu Picchu. \u2014 Jane Recker, Smithsonian Magazine , 28 Mar. 2022"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1542, in the meaning defined at sense 1":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "Middle French citadelle , from Old Italian cittadella , diminutive of cittade city, from Medieval Latin civitat-, civitas \u2014 more at city":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02c8si-t\u0259-d\u1d4al",
      "-\u02ccdel"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[
      "bastion",
      "castle",
      "fastness",
      "fort",
      "fortification",
      "fortress",
      "hold",
      "redoubt",
      "stronghold"
    ],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220706-190433",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "citation":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": a formal statement of the achievements of a person receiving an academic honor":[],
      ": an official summons to appear (as before a court)":[],
      ": excerpt , quotation":[
        "His homily included several biblical citations ."
      ],
      ": mention : such as":[],
      ": specific reference in a military dispatch to meritorious performance of duty":[
        "a citation for bravery"
      ]
    },
    "examples":[
      "He was issued a citation .",
      "He received a citation for reckless driving.",
      "gave her a citation for bravery",
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "In addition to the main prizes, the Pulitzer Committee awarded a special citation to the journalists of Ukraine, for their reporting during the ongoing Russian invasion of the country. \u2014 Wilson Chapman, Variety , 9 May 2022",
      "Burhan Chowdhury, 72, was given a citation in May of 2021 for not keeping up with the yard work at his Hamtramck home, his son Shibbir told CNN. \u2014 Alisha Ebrahimji, CNN , 21 Jan. 2022",
      "According to the statute, audio coming from a vehicle that can be heard from a distance of 25 feet away can result in a citation . \u2014 Leada Gore | Lgore@al.com, al , 27 June 2022",
      "These parentheticals are indeed a modest change in legal citation overall and would be overlooked by those without a bar exam in their past or future. \u2014 Washington Post , 18 Jan. 2022",
      "In this area, a citation was issued after a man who had been living on Figueroa repeatedly declined to move into the tiny-home village, complaining of radiation on its grounds. \u2014 Los Angeles Times , 2 May 2022",
      "McNickle said the law stipulates that a citation can\u2019t be issued unless the driver is going at least 12 miles over the speed limit. \u2014 Washington Post , 25 Apr. 2022",
      "An officer contacted Cruise personnel and no citation was issued. \u2014 Massimo Marioni, Fortune , 11 Apr. 2022",
      "Schmelzer said that a citation could be issued to the building\u2019s owner if the event exceeds the safe limit. \u2014 Clara Hendrickson, Detroit Free Press , 30 Mar. 2022"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "see cite":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "s\u012b-\u02c8t\u0101-sh\u0259n"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"Choose the Right Synonym for citation encomium , eulogy , panegyric , tribute , citation mean a formal expression of praise. encomium implies enthusiasm and warmth in praising a person or a thing. received encomiums from literary critics eulogy applies to a prepared speech or writing extolling the virtues and services of a person. delivered the eulogy at the funeral service panegyric suggests an elaborate often poetic compliment. her lyrical memoir was a panegyric to her mentor tribute implies deeply felt praise conveyed either through words or through a significant act. the concert was a musical tribute to the early jazz masters citation applies to the formal praise of a person offered in a military dispatch or in awarding an honorary degree. earned a citation for bravery",
    "synonyms":[
      "accolade",
      "commendation",
      "dithyramb",
      "encomium",
      "eulogium",
      "eulogy",
      "homage",
      "hymn",
      "paean",
      "panegyric",
      "salutation",
      "tribute"
    ],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-080328",
    "type":[
      "adjective",
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "citation form":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": hypostasis sense 7b":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{},
    "history_and_etymology":{},
    "pronounciation":[],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-061556",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "citatory":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": relating to citing or summoning : being or constituting a citation or summons":[
        "letters citatory",
        "a body with citatory powers"
      ]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{
      "15th century, in the meaning defined above":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "Medieval Latin citatorius , from Latin citatus + -orius -ory":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02c8s\u012bt\u0259\u02cct\u014dr\u0113"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220706-180331",
    "type":[
      "adjective"
    ]
  },
  "cite":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": to bring forward or call to another's attention especially as an example, proof, or precedent":[
        "cited the weather as a reason for canceling the picnic",
        "cited several studies that support his theory"
      ],
      ": to call upon officially or authoritatively to appear (as before a court)":[],
      ": to name in a citation":[
        "cited by the trustees for his work in public health"
      ],
      ": to quote by way of example, authority, or proof":[
        "cites several noteworthy authors"
      ]
    },
    "examples":[
      "The article cites several experts on the subject.",
      "The museum had often been cited as an example of successful fund-raising.",
      "He cited evidence suggesting she was in the area when the crime was committed.",
      "She was cited for reckless driving.",
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "The vast majority of abortions occur at or before 13 weeks, and people who seek abortions later than that frequently cite barriers to accessing care or discovery of a medical complication. \u2014 al , 29 June 2022",
      "The vast majority of abortions occur at or before 13 weeks, and people who seek abortions later than that frequently cite barriers to accessing care or discovery of a medical complication. \u2014 Sara Reardon, CBS News , 27 June 2022",
      "Kessler will undoubtedly cite the fact that two separate grand juries in Texas declined to indict Watson on criminal charges, and that there\u2019s no concrete evidence of misconduct. \u2014 cleveland , 27 June 2022",
      "Rwanda's hosting of the summit is contentious to some who cite the East African country's poor human rights record under Paul Kagame, an authoritarian leader who has been de facto leader or president since a 1994 genocide. \u2014 Ignatius Ssuuna, ajc , 24 June 2022",
      "Los Angeles County sheriff\u2019s deputies disproportionately contact, cite and arrest Black students in the Antelope Valley, according to a new report by the county Inspector General\u2019s Office. \u2014 Emily Elena Dugdale, ProPublica , 17 June 2022",
      "His email further complained that Saban didn't cite any facts to support his statement, right after Fisher offered none, either, in leveling vague allegations of his own. \u2014 Chase Goodbread, USA TODAY , 16 June 2022",
      "The Victoria Miro Gallery, which represents her, announced her death but did not cite a specific cause. \u2014 Harrison Smith, Washington Post , 10 June 2022",
      "Hogan referred to the longtime comptroller\u2019s steps in recent years to unilaterally extend tax deadlines, but did not specifically cite any legal methods for Franchot to stop the automatic increase. \u2014 Sam Janesch, Baltimore Sun , 23 May 2022"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "15th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "Middle English, from Anglo-French citer to cite, summon, from Latin citare to put in motion, rouse, summon, from frequentative of ci\u0113re to stir, move \u2014 more at -kinesis":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02c8s\u012bt"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"Choose the Right Synonym for cite summon , call , cite , convoke , convene , muster mean to demand the presence of. summon implies the exercise of authority. was summoned to answer charges call may be used less formally for summon . called the legislature into special session cite implies a summoning to court usually to answer a charge. cited for drunken driving convoke implies a summons to assemble for deliberative or legislative purposes. convoked a Vatican council convene is somewhat less formal than convoke . convened the students muster suggests a calling up of a number of things that form a group in order that they may be exhibited, displayed, or utilized as a whole. mustered the troops",
    "synonyms":[
      "adduce",
      "instance",
      "mention",
      "quote"
    ],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-060408",
    "type":[
      "adjective",
      "transitive verb",
      "verb"
    ]
  },
  "cithara":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": an ancient Greek stringed instrument similar to but larger than the lyre and having a box-shaped resonator":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{},
    "history_and_etymology":{},
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02c8si-th\u0259-r\u0259",
      "\u02c8ki-"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220706-163731",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "citharist":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": a player on the cithara":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1663, in the meaning defined above":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "citharist from Middle English, from Middle French cithariste , from Latin citharista , from Greek kitharist\u0113s , from kithara cithara + -ist\u0113s -ist; citharista from Latin":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "ki\u02c8th\u00e4r\u0259\u0307st",
      "\u02c8ki-",
      "\u02c8sith\u0259r\u0259\u0307st"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220706-223204",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "citharoedic":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": of or relating to a cithara or citharist":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{},
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "Latin citharoedicus , from Greek kithar\u014didikos , from kithar\u014didos a performer who plays the cithara while singing, from kithara cithara + aoidos singer, from aeidein to sing":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u00a6ki-",
      "\u00a6sith\u0259\u00a6r\u0113dik"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-174654",
    "type":[
      "adjective"
    ]
  },
  "cither":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": cittern":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1596, in the meaning defined above":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "French cithare , from Latin cithara kithara, from Greek kithara":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02c8si-t\u035fh\u0259r",
      "-th\u0259r"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-184421",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "cither?pronunciation&lang=en_us&dir=c&file=cither01":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": cittern":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1596, in the meaning defined above":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "French cithare , from Latin cithara kithara, from Greek kithara":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02c8si-t\u035fh\u0259r",
      "-th\u0259r"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-200723",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "citify":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": urbanize":[]
    },
    "examples":[
      "we've become so citified that many people have no idea where their food comes from"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1828, in the meaning defined above":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{},
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02c8si-ti-\u02ccf\u012b"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[
      "urbanize"
    ],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220708-112150",
    "type":[
      "noun",
      "verb"
    ]
  },
  "citizen":{
    "antonyms":[
      "alien",
      "noncitizen"
    ],
    "definitions":{
      ": a civilian as distinguished from a specialized servant of the state":[
        "Soldiers were sent to protect the citizens ."
      ],
      ": a member of a state":[],
      ": a native or naturalized person who owes allegiance to a government and is entitled to protection from it":[
        "She was an American citizen but lived most of her life abroad."
      ]
    },
    "examples":[
      "She was a United States citizen but lived most of her life abroad.",
      "a group of Japanese citizens",
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "One person died and four others were injured, including a 7-year-old girl and her 35-year-old mother, who is a Russian citizen , Ihor Klymenko, the head of Ukrainian national police, said on his Facebook page. \u2014 Alan Cullison, WSJ , 26 June 2022",
      "Several of the people who bought into the election lies even showed up at the home of Moss\u2019 grandmother to make a citizen \u2019s arrest. \u2014 Farnoush Amiri, Chicago Tribune , 22 June 2022",
      "Vigilantes on the hunt for the two election workers thronged to Moss\u2019s grandmother\u2019s home with plans to make a citizen \u2019s arrest. \u2014 Robin Givhan, Washington Post , 21 June 2022",
      "Another American citizen , Paul Whelan, is a former Marine. \u2014 Jene\u00e9 Osterheldt, BostonGlobe.com , 17 June 2022",
      "The other thing that's cool about this, though, is this happened in 1957 when Surrey was a mere private citizen , a mere tax professor at Harvard Law School. \u2014 Robert Goulder, Forbes , 8 June 2022",
      "Part of the reason Paperny pushes his clients to get back to work, any work, is to provide some good, upright- citizen material for the pre-sentencing report, but also to break out of the paralysis that Rouse describes. \u2014 New York Times , 7 June 2022",
      "The Texas governor and a state senator confirmed the shooting suspect was a U.S. citizen , born in North Dakota. \u2014 Bayliss Wagner, USA TODAY , 3 June 2022",
      "The Canadian citizen piloting the boat was arrested. \u2014 Fox News , 28 May 2022"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 2":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "Middle English citizein , from Anglo-French citezein , alteration of citeien , from cit\u00e9 city":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02c8si-t\u0259-z\u0259n",
      "also -s\u0259n"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"Choose the Right Synonym for citizen citizen , subject , national mean a person owing allegiance to and entitled to the protection of a sovereign state. citizen is preferred for one owing allegiance to a state in which sovereign power is retained by the people and sharing in the political rights of those people. the rights of a free citizen subject implies allegiance to a personal sovereign such as a monarch. the king's subjects national designates one who may claim the protection of a state and applies especially to one living or traveling outside that state. American nationals working in the Middle East",
    "synonyms":[
      "freeman",
      "national",
      "subject"
    ],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220706-181438",
    "type":[
      "adjective",
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "cittern":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": a Renaissance stringed instrument like a guitar with a flat pear-shaped body":[]
    },
    "examples":[
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "The group brings to the stage a diverse array of instruments, including the accordion, fiddle, bodhran, and cittern , along with vocals and an element of dance. \u2014 Grace Dickinson, Philly.com , 4 Apr. 2018"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1566, in the meaning defined above":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "blend of cither and gittern":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02c8si-t\u0259rn"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-194541",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "cittern?pronunciation&lang=en_us&dir=c&file=cithre05":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": a Renaissance stringed instrument like a guitar with a flat pear-shaped body":[]
    },
    "examples":[
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "The group brings to the stage a diverse array of instruments, including the accordion, fiddle, bodhran, and cittern , along with vocals and an element of dance. \u2014 Grace Dickinson, Philly.com , 4 Apr. 2018"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1566, in the meaning defined above":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "blend of cither and gittern":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02c8si-t\u0259rn"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-195032",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "cittern?pronunciation&lang=en_us&dir=c&file=citter01":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": a Renaissance stringed instrument like a guitar with a flat pear-shaped body":[]
    },
    "examples":[
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "The group brings to the stage a diverse array of instruments, including the accordion, fiddle, bodhran, and cittern , along with vocals and an element of dance. \u2014 Grace Dickinson, Philly.com , 4 Apr. 2018"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1566, in the meaning defined above":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "blend of cither and gittern":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02c8si-t\u0259rn"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-203044",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "city father":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": a member (such as an alderman or councilman) of the governing body of a city":[]
    },
    "examples":[
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "Mahlon Gore, a former mayor, set out the trees on Gore Avenue, and another city father , Sam Robinson, followed suit on Magnolia Avenue, where his imposing 1884 home survives near Livingston Street. \u2014 Joy Wallace Dickinson, orlandosentinel.com , 11 July 2021",
      "The city fathers tried to stem the contamination by requiring crews suspected of infection to stay on the island of Lazzaretto for 40 days. \u2014 Bonnie Kristian, TheWeek , 27 Feb. 2020",
      "Implicated in this was Peter Faneuil, a city father and namesake of the market, whose vast fortune was made in part from the slave trade. \u2014 Murray Whyte, BostonGlobe.com , 17 Aug. 2019",
      "The 19-room inn is set in a grand white Victorian mansion that was a wedding gift in 1882 from city father William Kelley to his daughter Daisy. \u2014 Sharon Boorstin, latimes.com , 30 June 2019",
      "Padberg is talking about the Park River, which winds its way through Hartford, largely underground since city fathers buried it and built I-84 on top of it. \u2014 Susan Dunne, courant.com , 14 June 2019",
      "The building, which occupies a prominent corner on LeJeune Road opposite City Hall, is the last surviving commercial structure from the original business district created by revered city father George Merrick. \u2014 Andres Viglucci, miamiherald , 29 June 2018",
      "In all, around $500,000 was raised for needy islanders and Coppini was summoned to Galveston to show his artwork to the city fathers . \u2014 Craig Hlavaty, Houston Chronicle , 25 Apr. 2018",
      "In fact, when the Richmond and Sunset districts were being developed from a waste of sand dunes, the city fathers wanted to name the avenues that ran west to the ocean after Spanish saints. \u2014 Carl Nolte, San Francisco Chronicle , 20 Apr. 2018"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1834, in the meaning defined above":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{},
    "pronounciation":[],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-202703",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "city plan":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": an organized arrangement or laying out (as of the streets, parks, and business sections) of a city with a view to general convenience, attractiveness of appearance, and the encouragement of healthier living":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1759, in the meaning defined above":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{},
    "pronounciation":[],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220708-105927",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "city planning":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": the drawing up of an organized arrangement (as of streets, parks, and business and residential areas) of a city":[]
    },
    "examples":[
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "On Wednesday, the council approved an ordinance allowing the developer to build on a small section of the property that, under city planning rules, had been off limits. \u2014 David Zahniserstaff Writer, Los Angeles Times , 29 June 2022",
      "Last week, efforts to build a 1,791-square-foot restaurant just off Interstate 35 won initial approval from a city planning board. \u2014 Timothy Fanning, San Antonio Express-News , 22 June 2022",
      "Watch for Soltis Furniture to build a 2,880 square foot building for a furniture repair business at 5686 Dee St., in Gulf Shores, according to city planning . \u2014 Kathy Jumper, al , 12 June 2022",
      "In 1943, a city planning document showed the Ramona and Santa Monica, Harbor and Hollywood parkways still hopefully penciled in. \u2014 Los Angeles Times , 7 June 2022",
      "Strategy design partners and city planning consultant, August Fluker. \u2014 Laura Johnston, cleveland , 24 May 2022",
      "Percy Toriro, a city planning expert in Harare, said this marks the first time the construction of rural homes in the southern African country will be as carefully regulated as house-building in its cities. \u2014 Tonderayi Mukeredzi, The Christian Science Monitor , 11 May 2022",
      "His organization promotes city planning that, among other goals, focuses heavily on adapting urban areas to be less dependent on cars. \u2014 Trevor Fraser, Orlando Sentinel , 6 May 2022",
      "Numerous residents near the potential mosque site spoke against the project during a city planning meeting in February. \u2014 CBS News , 4 Nov. 2021"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1900, in the meaning defined above":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{},
    "pronounciation":[],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220708-104743",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "city room":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": the department where local news is handled in a newspaper editorial office":[]
    },
    "examples":[
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "For an hour after the seismic event unfolded, phones rang wildly in the city room of the newspaper then located in the Sun Iron Building on East Baltimore Street, from the frightened and curious, seeking more particulars on what transpired. \u2014 Frederick N. Rasmussen, baltimoresun.com , 26 Aug. 2021",
      "One day, the phone rang on my desk in the Herald city room . \u2014 Jeff Leen, Washington Post , 30 Dec. 2020",
      "The perfect pine candle can make a tiny city room feel like a log cabin, and subtle citrus notes turn a drab living room suddenly luxe. \u2014 Ella Riley-adams, Vogue , 30 Oct. 2017"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1895, in the meaning defined above":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{},
    "pronounciation":[],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220708-111727",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "city slicker":{
    "antonyms":[
      "bumpkin",
      "hick",
      "provincial",
      "rustic",
      "yokel"
    ],
    "definitions":{
      ": slicker sense 2b":[]
    },
    "examples":[
      "city slickers who've never seen a real farm",
      "with their snotty attitude, the city slickers quickly wore out their welcome",
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "Yet despite this, rural Africans are more likely to vote than city slickers , by 77% to 67%. \u2014 The Economist , 22 Feb. 2020",
      "Another big Texas ranch has traded but the buyer isn\u2019t the usually city slicker or wannabe cowboy. \u2014 Steve Brown, Dallas News , 13 Feb. 2020",
      "Metal-head friends Wayne and Garth sell their basement cable-access TV show to a city slicker . \u2014 Los Angeles Times , 4 Oct. 2019",
      "More than one city slicker has been awestruck when gazing up at thousands of twinkling lights. 15. \u2014 Ginger Dingus, USA TODAY , 23 Jan. 2020",
      "Metal-head friends Wayne and Garth sell their basement cable-access TV show to a city slicker . \u2014 Los Angeles Times , 4 Oct. 2019",
      "The ace gunfighter Tom Doniphon, played by John Wayne, scoffs at him for being a city slicker who doesn\u2019t understand how things work out here on the frontier, and advises him to get a gun. \u2014 Kyle Smith, National Review , 25 Nov. 2019",
      "Pat Tyler\u2019s homespun frocks, as well as smart suits for the city slickers of Asheville, mesh beautifully with the warp and woof of the people of bluegrass country. \u2014 Joanne Engelhardt, The Mercury News , 16 Sep. 2019",
      "Next to the country bumpkin, the city slicker comes up short. \u2014 Los Angeles Times , 13 Sep. 2019"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1914, in the meaning defined above":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{},
    "pronounciation":[],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[
      "cosmopolitan",
      "cosmopolite",
      "metropolitan",
      "slicker",
      "sophisticate"
    ],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220708-112430",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "city-state":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": an autonomous state consisting of a city and surrounding territory":[]
    },
    "examples":[],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1840, in the meaning defined above":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{},
    "pronounciation":[
      "also -\u02c8st\u0101t",
      "\u02c8si-t\u0113-\u02ccst\u0101t"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220708-130530",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "civil":{
    "antonyms":[
      "nonnational"
    ],
    "definitions":{
      ": adequate in courtesy and politeness : mannerly":[
        "a civil question",
        "It was hard to be civil when I felt so angry."
      ],
      ": based on the theoretical mean sun and legally recognized for use in ordinary affairs":[
        "the civil calendar",
        "Esoteric and sometimes outlandish balloons were floated: If we're not going to worry about civil time matching solar time, for instance, why not simplify global timekeeping even more by reducing the number of global time zones from twenty-four to five?",
        "\u2014 Michelle Stacey"
      ],
      ": civilized":[
        "civil society"
      ],
      ": established by law":[
        "civil freedoms"
      ],
      ": of or relating to citizens":[
        "civil duties"
      ],
      ": of or relating to the state or its citizenry":[
        "civil strife"
      ],
      ": of, relating to, or based on civil law":[],
      ": of, relating to, or involving the general public, their activities, needs, or ways, or civic affairs as distinguished from special (such as military or religious) affairs":[
        "got married in a civil ceremony"
      ],
      ": relating to private rights and to remedies sought by action or suit distinct from criminal proceedings":[]
    },
    "examples":[
      "They got married in a civil ceremony at city hall.",
      "It was hard to be civil when I felt so angry.",
      "She was barely civil to me.",
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "Friday's order from the Texas Supreme Court does not allow for criminal enforcement of the 1925 law, but does permit enforcement in civil court, according to the ACLU. \u2014 Madlin Mekelburg, USA TODAY , 2 July 2022",
      "And construction is only the beginning of a relationship between developers and public agencies that can last decades, noted Wentworth civil engineering professor Jim Lambrechts. \u2014 Globe Staff, BostonGlobe.com , 2 July 2022",
      "And some of the civil cases are still moving forward and going to trial. \u2014 Isaac Chotiner, The New Yorker , 1 July 2022",
      "The civil yet pointed takes from Jay B., who also became our foremost Friday Hemingway, which is saying quite a lot. \u2014 Paul Daugherty, The Enquirer , 1 July 2022",
      "The German commiserated with the American about civil wars \u2014 the worst of wars, brother against brother. \u2014 Jay Nordlinger, National Review , 1 July 2022",
      "The government claims the decision will help spur development, improve public service delivery, and create more opportunities for Papuans to become civil servants in the resource-rich area that remains one of the country's poorest regions. \u2014 Reuters, CNN , 30 June 2022",
      "Lints, who was identified as #261 on the federal government's seeking information photos, was charged in federal court with civil disorder, a felony, and misdemeanor offenses. \u2014 Tresa Baldas, Detroit Free Press , 30 June 2022",
      "But Kavanaugh\u2019s concurrence does not address the civil enforcement strategy that is gaining traction among antiabortion groups, Cohen said. \u2014 Caroline Kitchener, Devlin Barrett, Anchorage Daily News , 30 June 2022"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1a":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "Middle English, from Middle French, from Latin civilis , from civis \u2014 see civic":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02c8si-v\u0259l"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"Choose the Right Synonym for civil civil , polite , courteous , gallant , chivalrous mean observant of the forms required by good breeding. civil often suggests little more than the avoidance of overt rudeness. owed the questioner a civil reply polite commonly implies polish of speech and manners and sometimes suggests an absence of cordiality. if you can't be pleasant, at least be polite courteous implies more actively considerate or dignified politeness. clerks who were unfailingly courteous to customers gallant and chivalrous imply courteous attentiveness especially to women. gallant suggests spirited and dashing behavior and ornate expressions of courtesy. a gallant suitor of the old school chivalrous suggests high-minded and self-sacrificing behavior. a chivalrous display of duty",
    "synonyms":[
      "national",
      "public"
    ],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-034209",
    "type":[
      "adjective",
      "adverb"
    ]
  },
  "civilian":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": a specialist in Roman or modern civil law":[],
      ": having the status of a civilian":[
        "a civilian pilot"
      ],
      ": intended or suited for use or consumption by civilians":[
        "civilian goods",
        "With twin 2,520-horsepower engines and up to 19 seats, the Sikorsky S-92 is among the world's most powerful civilian helicopters.",
        "\u2014 Josh Harkinson"
      ],
      ": of, relating to, or made up of civilians":[
        "civilian concerns/demands",
        "the civilian population",
        "civilian customers/casualties",
        "The Congressional Gold Medal and the Presidential Medal of Freedom are the highest civilian honors in the United States."
      ],
      ": one not on active duty in the armed services or not on a police or firefighting force":[],
      ": operated or controlled by civilians":[
        "civilian industry",
        "civilian authority"
      ],
      ": outsider sense 1":[],
      ": possessed by or vested in civilians":[
        "civilian industry",
        "civilian authority"
      ]
    },
    "examples":[
      "Noun",
      "The bomb injured 12 civilians .",
      "Recent Examples on the Web: Noun",
      "One firefighter and one civilian suffered minor injuries, and both were transported for medical attention, fire officials said. \u2014 Christian Martinez, Los Angeles Times , 17 June 2022",
      "In Lysychansk, Russian forces fired on a bakery and several administrative and residential buildings, Haidai said on Monday, adding one civilian had been wounded. \u2014 Reuters, NBC News , 6 June 2022",
      "Twelve soldiers and one civilian were killed and dozens injured when Army psychiatrist Maj. \u2014 John Santucci, ABC News , 26 May 2022",
      "Donetsk: Russian strikes killed one civilian and injured a dozen others, the region\u2019s governor, Pavlo Kyrylenko, said Friday. \u2014 Tobi Raji, Washington Post , 14 May 2022",
      "Elsewhere, the governor of a Russian region near Ukraine said at least one civilian was killed and six wounded by Ukrainian shelling in the village of Solokhi, near the border. \u2014 Elena Becatoros And Jon Gambrell, The Christian Science Monitor , 12 May 2022",
      "Another civilian was killed and two others were wounded and hospitalized. \u2014 Nicole Fallert, USA TODAY , 24 Mar. 2022",
      "However, during cross-examination, Assistant U.S. Attorney Michelle Wasserman pointed to an email from another former officer who went on to work for Francis as a civilian . \u2014 Andrew Dyer, San Diego Union-Tribune , 31 May 2022",
      "Instead, Washington chose to govern as a civilian and step down at the end of two terms, ensuring the transition to a new administration without military intervention. \u2014 Amanda Foreman, WSJ , 28 Apr. 2022"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "15th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1":"Noun",
      "1817, in the meaning defined at sense 1a":"Adjective"
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{},
    "pronounciation":[
      "s\u0259-\u02c8vil-y\u0259n",
      "also -\u02c8vi-y\u0259n"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-025443",
    "type":[
      "adjective",
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "civility":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": a polite act or expression":[
        "lacked the little civilities and hypocrisies of political society",
        "\u2014 Roy Jenkins",
        "The men briefly exchanged civilities before the meeting began."
      ],
      ": training in the humanities":[]
    },
    "examples":[
      "They greeted each other with the usual exchange of civilities .",
      "after the usual civilities , the parents and the principal had a serious talk about the boy",
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "While that is happening, calls for civility are not changing the demonstrators\u2019 minds. \u2014 Los Angeles Times , 11 May 2022",
      "Of course, some are chiming in with calls for civility . \u2014 Emma Specter, Vogue , 9 May 2022",
      "As political civility wanes, congressional staffers and interns answering constituent calls in congressional offices find themselves on the front lines of public anger. \u2014 Amy Nakamura, USA TODAY , 24 May 2022",
      "The barn is ablaze, civility is asunder, and once-sacred cows are noisily clunking around the yard. MOOOOOOOOO! \u2014 Jason Gay, WSJ , 20 May 2022",
      "The four hours are divided into four segments, two in a lecture style and two where participants will practice their civility skills. \u2014 Hartford Courant , 10 May 2022",
      "Its knobbier tires may dull its ultimate dynamic performance a bit, but the wide-ranging enhancements made to the entire Grand Cherokee lineup ensure that its on-road manners and general civility are thoroughly agreeable. \u2014 Dan Edmunds, Car and Driver , 9 May 2022",
      "People often complain about civility in response to punching up. \u2014 Jessica Dulong, CNN , 6 May 2022",
      "In these challenging times maintaining civility in public discourse is critical. \u2014 Hartford Courant , 23 May 2022"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1533, in the meaning defined at sense 2":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "see civil":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "s\u0259-\u02c8vi-l\u0259-t\u0113"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[
      "amenity",
      "attention",
      "courtesy",
      "formality",
      "gesture",
      "pleasantry",
      "politeness"
    ],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220706-234321",
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "civilization":{
    "antonyms":[],
    "definitions":{
      ": a situation of urban comfort":[
        "Our African safari was quite interesting, but it was great to get back to civilization ."
      ],
      ": refinement of thought, manners, or taste":[
        "exhibiting a high level of civilization"
      ],
      ": the culture characteristic of a particular time or place":[
        "the impact of European civilization on the lands they colonized"
      ],
      ": the process of becoming civilized":[
        "civilization is a slow process with many failures and setbacks"
      ]
    },
    "examples":[
      "the impact of technical advancements on civilization",
      "We are studying ancient Greek civilization .",
      "a book about life on the planet after wars have destroyed civilization",
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "Do Disney adults truly signal the end of Western civilization ? \u2014 Ej Dickson, Rolling Stone , 21 June 2022",
      "His reporting has transported readers around the world into the secluded homes of people who are fighting to remain removed from the civilization and industry that threatens to intrude upon their lives. \u2014 Ruby Mellen, Washington Post , 15 June 2022",
      "But any item less than 1,500 years old disqualifies it from being from antiquity, a period from the beginnings of Western civilization to about 450 A.D. \u2014 Samya Kullab, USA TODAY , 8 June 2022",
      "But any item less than 1,500 years old disqualifies it from being from antiquity, a period from the beginnings of Western civilization to about 450 A.D. \u2014 Samya Kullab, BostonGlobe.com , 6 June 2022",
      "But over the past 22 years, the PSC has joined the woke movement and demeaned Western civilization and its accomplishments as a byproduct of white supremacy. \u2014 WSJ , 8 Feb. 2022",
      "The Machu Picchu discoveries, which include parts of a water system that ran through the area, are yielding new insights into Inca civilization and the role of ceremonial complexes at Machu Picchu. \u2014 NBC News , 21 Jan. 2022",
      "What has not changed is the identification of culture and civilization with a certain political dogma. \u2014 Ian Buruma, Harper\u2019s Magazine , 18 Jan. 2022",
      "By erasing the barrier between human civilization and the natural world. \u2014 Karen Kaplan Science And Medicine Editor, Los Angeles Times , 16 Nov. 2021"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1760, in the meaning defined at sense 1a":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "see civil":""
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02ccsi-v\u0259-l\u0259-\u02c8z\u0101-sh\u0259n"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[
      "culture",
      "life",
      "lifestyle",
      "society"
    ],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220707-103634",
    "type":[
      "adjective",
      "noun"
    ]
  },
  "civilized":{
    "antonyms":[
      "barbaric",
      "barbarous",
      "philistine",
      "uncivilized",
      "uncultured",
      "ungenteel",
      "unpolished",
      "unrefined"
    ],
    "definitions":{},
    "examples":[
      "A civilized society must respond to crime with fairness and justice.",
      "Stop yelling. We have to be more civilized about this.",
      "Try to act like a civilized human being!",
      "a civilized way to spend the evening",
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "The civilized world will have to act soon to prevent this from becoming an even larger humanitarian crisis. \u2014 The Editorial Board, WSJ , 24 May 2022",
      "The only effective way to deal with the Second Amendment is to repeal it \u2014 and then replace it with something that makes sense in a civilized society. \u2014 Bill Press, CNN , 9 June 2022",
      "The 100-seat patio is roomy but civilized , with proper tables and chairs on the deck. \u2014 Emma Balter, Chron , 6 May 2022",
      "The United States and the civilized world have another weapon against Russia for its unprovoked war on Ukraine: nickel. \u2014 Ken Silverstein, Forbes , 24 Apr. 2022",
      "The Ukrainian army is currently defending the entire civilized world from fascism (just now there are fierce battles in the Donbass). \u2014 Igor Krytsak, ajc , 19 Apr. 2022",
      "The path to eventually welcoming Russia back to the civilized world will be long: only once Putin is gone, which could take years. \u2014 Roger Ream, National Review , 21 Mar. 2022",
      "Russia declare war not for Ukraine but for all civilized world. \u2014 Kyle Orland, Ars Technica , 3 Mar. 2022",
      "The civilized world is likely to react in horror and increasingly demand that it be stopped. \u2014 The Editorial Board, WSJ , 2 Mar. 2022"
    ],
    "first_known_use":{
      "1611, in the meaning defined above":""
    },
    "history_and_etymology":{},
    "pronounciation":[
      "\u02c8si-v\u0259-\u02ccl\u012bzd"
    ],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "synonyms":[
      "accomplished",
      "couth",
      "cultivated",
      "cultured",
      "genteel",
      "polished",
      "refined"
    ],
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220706-174506",
    "type":[
      "adjective"
    ]
  },
  "circumjacencies":{
    "type":[
      "plural noun"
    ],
    "definitions":{
      ": adjacent parts : areas that surround : surroundings":[
        "the circumjacencies of the school"
      ]
    },
    "pronounciation":[],
    "synonyms":[],
    "antonyms":[],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "examples":[],
    "history_and_etymology":{},
    "first_known_use":{},
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220708-142138"
  },
  "civil service exam":{
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ],
    "definitions":{
      ": a test to get a job in the civil service (the administrative part of the government)":[]
    },
    "pronounciation":[],
    "synonyms":[],
    "antonyms":[],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "examples":[],
    "history_and_etymology":{},
    "first_known_use":{},
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220708-145044"
  },
  "civil defense":{
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ],
    "definitions":{
      ": the system of protective measures and emergency relief activities conducted by civilians in case of hostile attack, sabotage, or natural disaster":[]
    },
    "pronounciation":[],
    "synonyms":[],
    "antonyms":[],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "examples":[
      "She's in training to be part of the local civil defense .",
      "the head of civil defense",
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "Oaxaca state\u2019s civil defense agency showed families hustling into a shelter in Pochutla and a rock and mud slide that blocked the highway between that town and the state capital. \u2014 Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda \u00c1lvarez, Anchorage Daily News , 31 May 2022",
      "The civil defense office in Oaxaca said the hurricane\u2019s outer bands were already hitting the coast. \u2014 Henry Austin, NBC News , 29 May 2022",
      "Pernambuco's civil defense forces have urged residents living in areas at high risk of landslides to seek shelter elsewhere until the rain decreases. \u2014 Cnn's Marcelo Medeiros, CNN , 29 May 2022",
      "The capital, Helsinki, started building civil defense shelters in the 1940s. \u2014 Washington Post , 30 Apr. 2022",
      "Some of the deaths were caused by landslides in the greater Recife area, in Pernambuco state, according to the local civil defense . \u2014 Cnn's Marcelo Medeiros, CNN , 29 May 2022",
      "Tomi Rask, a preparedness specialist with Helsinki\u2019s City Rescue Department, said footage of the devastating shelling in Ukraine, including people taking cover in makeshift shelters, has renewed interest in civil defense . \u2014 Washington Post , 30 Apr. 2022",
      "Tomi Rask, a preparedness specialist with Helsinki\u2019s Rescue Department, said footage of the devastating shelling in Ukraine, including people taking cover in makeshift shelters, has renewed interest in civil defense . \u2014 Emily Rauhala, Anchorage Daily News , 1 May 2022",
      "Sheveliuk escaped to the Czech Republic with her two daughters after war broke out on Feb. 24, but her husband remained behind as part of Ukraine\u2019s civil defense force. \u2014 Scott Roxborough, The Hollywood Reporter , 4 Apr. 2022"
    ],
    "history_and_etymology":{},
    "first_known_use":{
      "1939, in the meaning defined above":""
    },
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220708-145725"
  },
  "cigar":{
    "type":[
      "noun"
    ],
    "definitions":{
      ": a small roll of tobacco leaf for smoking":[]
    },
    "pronounciation":[
      "si-\u02c8g\u00e4r"
    ],
    "synonyms":[],
    "antonyms":[],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "examples":[
      "Recent Examples on the Web",
      "But drawing any equivalence between rioters storming our Capitol to prevent the counting of electoral ballots and a cigar -chomping toy dog is a shameful and grotesque insult to the memory of everyone who died. \u2014 Ben Flanagan | Bflanagan@al.com, al , 21 June 2022",
      "As the smell of cigar smoke, champagne, and beer wafted through TD Garden after the Warriors claimed the NBA title with a Game 6 win over the Celtics on Thursday night, Marcus Smart vowed to take some lessons from the defeat. \u2014 Globe Staff, BostonGlobe.com , 18 June 2022",
      "Jones orchestrated a one-on-one contest between the two, bringing in Celtics legends like cigar -chomping Red Auerbach, John Havlicek and Dave Cowens to watch. \u2014 Bryce Millercolumnist, San Diego Union-Tribune , 15 June 2022",
      "In a pivotal role, Malcolm McDowell does a nice-ugly job as Laughlin, the cigar -chomping neighborhood boss who exerts a smooth, if treacherous, paternalism. \u2014 Lisa Kennedy, Variety , 8 June 2022",
      "As players completed interviews in a quiet room in the bowels of TD Garden, the cigar smoke from the Warriors\u2019 celebration wafted in. \u2014 Globe Staff, BostonGlobe.com , 17 June 2022",
      "The light fixture, chosen for its resemblance to a cigar , is from the company Roll & Hill. \u2014 Katherine Clarke, WSJ , 16 June 2022",
      "Though the cigar , banana and other versions are all equally attractive to felines, this colorful rainbow will look the cutest as it gets knocked around on your floor. \u2014 Jessica Hartshorn, Good Housekeeping , 14 June 2022",
      "Now here was Draper, one year after the incident, cigar in teeth, jaw intact, nothing on his chin but the bushy red goatee. \u2014 Gene Myers, Detroit Free Press , 9 June 2022"
    ],
    "history_and_etymology":{
      "Spanish cigarro":""
    },
    "first_known_use":{
      "1730, in the meaning defined above":""
    },
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220708-152801"
  },
  "civil-spoken":{
    "type":[
      "adjective"
    ],
    "definitions":{
      ": given to speaking courteously":[]
    },
    "pronounciation":[],
    "synonyms":[],
    "antonyms":[],
    "synonym_discussion":"",
    "examples":[],
    "history_and_etymology":{},
    "first_known_use":{
      "1776, in the meaning defined above":""
    },
    "time_of_retrieval":"20220708-153409"
  }
}