dict_dl/en_MerriamWebster/dys_MW.json
2022-07-15 11:16:05 +00:00

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JSON

{
"dys-":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": abnormal":[
"dys plasia"
],
": bad":[
"dys logistic"
],
": difficult":[
"dys phagia"
],
": impaired":[
"dys function"
],
"\u2014 compare eu-":[
"dys logistic"
]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{},
"history_and_etymology":{
"borrowed from Greek, prefixing denoting ill or evil quality, impaired function or difficulty in performance of the following element, going back to Indo-European *dus-, whence also Germanic *tuz- (in Old English torcyrre \"hard to convert,\" torbeg\u012bete \"difficult to obtain,\" Old High German zurw\u0101ri \"suspicious,\" Old Norse torfengr \"hard to get,\" Gothic tuzwerjan \"to doubt\"), Old Irish do-, du- (as in dochla \"inglorious\"), Armenian t- (in t-g\u0113t \"unknowing, ignorant\"), Sanskrit du\u1e63-, dur-, Avestan du\u0161- . The meaning of the Greek prefix is aptly characterized in Liddell and Scott's dictionary as \"destroying the good sense of a word, or increasing its bad sense.\" In West Germanic the outcomes of *tuz- have blended in a complicated way with other prefixes\u2014see note at dis- .":""
},
"pronounciation":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-202407",
"type":[
"prefix"
]
},
"dyspeptic":{
"type":[
"adjective or noun",
"adverb",
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": indigestion":[],
": ill humor : disgruntlement":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"-s\u0113-\u0259",
"dis-\u02c8pep-sh\u0259"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"He is suffering from dyspepsia .",
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Take for example an experiment that administered capsaicin to volunteers with functional dyspepsia as well as healthy folks. \u2014 Patrick Wilson, Outside Online , 21 Aug. 2020",
"Beyond acute physical and psychological stress, what else can aggravate visceral hypersensitivity in people with IBS, dyspepsia , or other gut disorders",
"To diagnose it, then\u2014this diegetic dyspepsia \u2014a comprehensive examination of the patient must be performed. \u2014 Jason Kehe, Wired , 7 July 2021",
"Another risk of nighttime eating is dyspepsia , more commonly known as indigestion or an upset stomach. \u2014 Carolyn L. Todd, SELF , 23 Aug. 2019",
"And functional dyspepsia , which affects the stomach and is otherwise known as indigestion, affects nearly 32% of the population, according to a 2004 study published in The American Journal of Gastroenterology. \u2014 Colleen Stinchcombe, Woman's Day , 29 Oct. 2018",
"Upper stomach pain or feelings of fullness paired with bloating may be indicative of dyspepsia , for example, whereas lower abdomen cramping and a change in bowel habits could point to IBS. \u2014 Colleen Stinchcombe, Woman's Day , 29 Oct. 2018",
"The Europeans who encountered indigenous people in Mexico in the 1500s noted that chocolate was used to treat numerous ailments ranging from dysentery and indigestion, to fatigue and dyspepsia . \u2014 Jeffrey Miller, Smithsonian , 29 June 2018",
"Pepsi however, says that the truth is that the name came from Bradham\u2019s belief that his Pepsi-Cola could soothe an upset stomach, taking its name from the word dyspepsia , which means indigestion. \u2014 Melissa Locker, Southern Living , 27 Feb. 2018"
],
"history_and_etymology":{
"borrowed from Latin, borrowed from Greek dyspeps\u00eda, from dys- dys- + p\u00e9psis \"cooking, ripening, digestion\" (from pep-, base of p\u00e9ttein, p\u00e9ssein, p\u00e9ptein \"to cook, ripen, digest\" + -sis -sis ) + -ia -ia entry 1 \u2014 more at cook entry 1":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"circa 1706, in the meaning defined at sense 1":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-054018"
},
"dysteleological":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": of or relating to dysteleology : purposeless":[]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{},
"history_and_etymology":{},
"pronounciation":[
"(\u00a6)dis+",
"d\u0259s"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220706-132133",
"type":[
"adjective"
]
},
"dysteleology":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": a vestigial organ":[],
": frustration or evasion of a normal functional end":[]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{},
"history_and_etymology":{
"German dysteleologie , from dys- + teleologie teleology":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"\"+"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-180458",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"dysthymia":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": a mood disorder characterized by chronic mildly depressed or irritable mood often accompanied by other symptoms (such as eating and sleeping disturbances, fatigue, and poor self-esteem)":[]
},
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"It is categorized as a mental illness, on the low end of the spectrum of manic depressive illness, with dysthymia \u2014 its depressive equivalent \u2014 at the other end of the spectrum. \u2014 Gregg Martin, STAT , 31 Oct. 2021",
"Low grade depression or dysthymia can start to feel normal. \u2014 Ashley Stahl, Forbes , 13 Sep. 2021",
"In the second, at the opposite end of things, are people who already have a clinical diagnosis of major depressive disorder or a persistent version known as dysthymia . \u2014 James Hamblin, The Atlantic , 22 May 2020",
"Another person may have low-grade depressive symptoms that last a really long time, otherwise known as dysthymia . \u2014 Zee Krstic, Good Housekeeping , 23 Apr. 2020",
"There are several different forms of depression (like dysthymia , postpartum depression, or seasonal affective disorder), but major depressive disorder is typically the form that most people are familiar with. \u2014 D. Elizabeth, SELF , 24 Oct. 2018",
"Diagnoses like depression, dysthymia , seasonal affective disorder, and bipolar disorder all benefit from CBT, too. \u2014 Molly Burford, Allure , 16 Oct. 2019",
"Silverman explains that in the DSM-5, experts essentially collapsed two mood disorders\u2014chronic major depressive disorder and dysthymia \u2014into one: PDD. \u2014 Claire Gillespie, SELF , 19 Nov. 2018"
],
"first_known_use":{
"1844, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"probably borrowed from German Dysthymie, borrowed from Greek dysth\u0233m\u00eda \"despondency, despair,\" from d\u00fdsth\u0233mos \"despondent, melancholy\" (from dys- dys- + \u00ac -th\u0233mos, adjective derivative of th\u0233m\u00f3s \"spirit, mind, courage\") + -ia -ia entry 1 \u2014 more at fume entry 1":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"dis-\u02c8th\u012b-m\u0113-\u0259"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-045632",
"type":[
"adjective or noun",
"noun"
]
},
"dystocia":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": slow or difficult labor or delivery":[]
},
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Complications like shoulder dystocia are rare in obstetrics. \u2014 Adam Wolfberg, The Atlantic , 26 May 2017"
],
"first_known_use":{
"circa 1706, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"borrowed from New Latin, borrowed from Greek dystok\u00eda, from dys- dys- + t\u00f3kos \"childbirth, act of giving birth (of animals), offspring\" + -ia -ia entry 1 ; t\u00f3kos nominal ablaut derivative of t\u00edkt\u014d, t\u00edktein, aorist \u00e9tekon, teke\u00een \"to give birth to, beget, generate,\" probably going back to Indo-European *te\u1e31- \"generate, give birth to,\" base of the aorist stem *tet\u1e31- \"generate, produce\" \u2014 more at tectonic":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"dis-\u02c8t\u014d-sh(\u0113-)\u0259"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220706-235658",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"dystonia":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": any of various conditions (such as Parkinson's disease and torticollis) characterized by abnormalities of movement and muscle tone":[]
},
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"In 1997, the FDA gave its first green light to deep brain stimulation as a treatment for tremor, and then for Parkinson\u2019s in 2002 and the movement disorder dystonia in 2003. \u2014 Isabella Cueto, STAT , 14 Jan. 2022",
"His sister Kendra Marcus said the cause was dystonia . \u2014 Annabelle Williams, New York Times , 28 Dec. 2021",
"The legendary puppeteer lived for some time with dystonia , which causes involuntary muscle contractions, the Sesame Workshop said in a statement. \u2014 Washington Post , 9 Dec. 2019",
"Following her flu and respiratory episodes recently in the emergency room, she's been experiencing new neurological symptoms, including dystonia , a movement disorder. \u2014 Ryan Prior, CNN , 7 May 2020",
"The legendary puppeteer lived for some time with dystonia , which causes involuntary muscle contractions, the Sesame Workshop said in a statement. \u2014 Washington Post , 9 Dec. 2019",
"The legendary puppeteer lived for some time with dystonia , which causes involuntary muscle contractions, the Sesame Workshop said in a statement. \u2014 Washington Post , 9 Dec. 2019",
"The cause of dystonia isn't known, but some forms are inherited, states Mayo Clinic. \u2014 Claire Gillespie, Health.com , 9 Dec. 2019",
"Spinney, who also operated and voiced Oscar, Big Bird's grumpy trash can-dwelling neighbor, before retiring from the iconic kids program in October 2018, died at his home in Connecticut after living with dystonia for some time. \u2014 Lisa De Los Reyes, Billboard , 8 Dec. 2019"
],
"first_known_use":{
"1860, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"borrowed from German Dystonie, from dys- dys- + -tonie -tonia":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"dis-\u02c8t\u014d-n\u0113-\u0259"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220706-180630",
"type":[
"adjective",
"noun"
]
},
"dystopia":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": an imagined world or society in which people lead wretched, dehumanized , fearful lives":[
"There's almost a flavor of science fiction to the scenes Chilson describes, as though he were giving us a glimpse into a 21st-century dystopia of mad egoism and hurtling hulks of metal.",
"\u2014 Adam Goodheart",
"Over the course of the movie, the late-60's ideal of togetherness turns into a dystopia of violence, revulsion and finally death.",
"\u2014 John Leland"
],
": anti-utopia sense 2":[
"writing a dystopia",
"\u2026 leaping across the century to the 1990's to attempt a dystopia about the disintegration of Australian democracy into startling, irreversible despotism.",
"\u2014 Pearl K. Bell"
]
},
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"The only way to counter this is to point out the urgent truth obscured by the competing narratives of dystopia and delay, which is that the climate crisis is already here. \u2014 Liza Featherstone, The New Republic , 15 June 2022",
"Fans of surreality, dystopia and even historical fiction should give it a try. \u2014 Lizz Schumer, Good Housekeeping , 14 June 2022",
"Fritz Lang's stunning Metropolis unfolds in a futuristic urban dystopia , one heavily influenced by Art Deco architecture and flooded with Biblical imagery, where the rich live carefree lives above ground while workers toil below. \u2014 Randall Colburn, EW.com , 16 May 2022",
"The show seemed to shift from a dystopia exaggerated for effect into a near-reality overnight. \u2014 Matthew Gilbert, BostonGlobe.com , 12 May 2022",
"The outfits invoke the classic novel and TV adaptation of The Handmaid\u2019s Tale, which imagines a dystopia that relegates women to incubator status. \u2014 Natalie Shure, The New Republic , 5 May 2022",
"A century ago, the Soviet dissident writer Yevgeny Zamyatin novelized a future dystopia in which equality was taken so seriously that peculiarly athletic people might have one of their limbs lopped off by the state, to even things up. \u2014 The Editors, National Review , 5 Jan. 2022",
"In the dystopia described by George Orwell, government was watching us with an eye on limiting our freedom. \u2014 John Tamny, Forbes , 14 Mar. 2022",
"Green New Deal is an off-ramp for Boston residents who don\u2019t want to experience a racially and economically stratified climate dystopia . \u2014 Miles Howard, The New Republic , 3 Nov. 2021"
],
"first_known_use":{
"circa 1950, in the meaning defined at sense 1":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"dys- + -topia (in utopia )":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"(\u02cc)dis-\u02c8t\u014d-p\u0113-\u0259",
"dis-\u02c8t\u014d-p\u0113-\u0259"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-101740",
"type":[
"adjective",
"noun"
]
},
"dystopian":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": of, relating to, or being an imagined world or society in which people lead dehumanized, fearful lives : relating to or characteristic of a dystopia":[
"A twisted romantic haunted by dystopian visions, Gibson borrows the language of science fiction and crafts doomed love stories with high-tech trappings.",
"\u2014 Maitland McDonagh",
"Dystopian visions are in a sense mythopoeic: depicting a creation myth in a future world of darkness and silence.",
"\u2014 Sarah Lefanu",
"Biotechnology is a force for good, but without adherence to the ideal of universal human equality, it opens the door to the soft tyranny of Gattaca and, ultimately the dystopian nightmare of Brave New World.",
"\u2014 Wesley J. Smith",
"Like many advances in science and technology, the dystopian implications of data mining have been described best by science-fiction writers.",
"\u2014 John Markoff",
"\u2026 Orwellian has become a word itself: an adjective denoting a dystopic world where language is cut adrift from meaning.",
"\u2014 Harvey A. Daniels",
"Letter by letter, we read of a society that seems to move from one dystopic nightmare to another \u2026",
"\u2014 Simon Winchester"
]
},
"examples":[],
"first_known_use":{
"1962, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"dystopian from dystopia + -an entry 2 ; dystopic from dystopia + -ic entry 1":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"(\u02cc)dis-\u02c8t\u014d-p\u0113-\u0259n"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220706-201122",
"type":[
"adjective"
]
},
"dystrophic":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": brownish with much dissolved humic matter, a sparse bottom fauna, and a high oxygen consumption":[],
": relating to or affected with a dystrophy":[
"a dystrophic patient"
],
": relating to or caused by faulty nutrition":[]
},
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"There are four major types of EB \u2014 EB simplex (EBS), junctional EB (JEB), dystrophic EB (DEB), and Kindler syndrome. \u2014 Megan Woodward, baltimoresun.com/maryland/carroll , 26 Oct. 2020",
"Another quest focuses on dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (DEB), genetic conditions that cause fragile skin, widespread blistering, vision loss, disfigurement and other serious medical problems. \u2014 Julie Washington, cleveland.com , 1 Nov. 2017",
"Speaking of \u2018the dystrophic child\u2019s plight,\u2019 or calling disability a \u2018 \u2014 Travis M. Andrews, sacbee , 21 Aug. 2017"
],
"first_known_use":{
"1893, in the meaning defined at sense 1a":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"dystrophy + -ic entry 1 ; in sense 2 after German dystroph":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"dis-\u02c8tr\u014d-fik"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220706-193236",
"type":[
"adjective"
]
},
"dystrophin":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": a protein that is associated with a transmembrane complex of skeletal muscle cells and that is absent in Duchenne muscular dystrophy and deficient or defective in Becker muscular dystrophy":[]
},
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"In a study involving patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy, 12 weeks of treatment with the Wave drug called suvodirsen failed to increase levels of dystrophin compared to baseline, the company said. \u2014 BostonGlobe.com , 17 Dec. 2019",
"Duchenne is a rare fatal neuromuscular disease caused by mutations in the dystrophin gene that result in a progressive loss of muscle function and weakness, including in the heart and skeleton. \u2014 BostonGlobe.com , 24 Dec. 2019",
"The guide RNAs were designed to trigger production of a missing protein called dystrophin . \u2014 Sara Reardon, Scientific American , 5 Feb. 2020",
"In a study involving patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy, 12 weeks of treatment with the Wave drug called suvodirsen failed to increase levels of dystrophin compared to baseline, the company said. \u2014 BostonGlobe.com , 17 Dec. 2019",
"In a study involving patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy, 12 weeks of treatment with the Wave drug called suvodirsen failed to increase levels of dystrophin compared to baseline, the company said. \u2014 Adam Feuerstein, STAT , 16 Dec. 2019",
"In a clinical trial, Vyondys 53 produced a small increase in an important muscle protein called dystrophin that children with Duchenne lack. \u2014 BostonGlobe.com , 24 Dec. 2019",
"In a clinical trial, Sarepta\u2019s drug produced a small increase in an important muscle protein called dystrophin that is normally missing in children with Duchenne. \u2014 Damian Garde, STAT , 12 Dec. 2019",
"Instead, the Wave drug made no dystrophin protein at all, which raises serious questions about the viability of the company\u2019s entire chemistry platform. \u2014 BostonGlobe.com , 17 Dec. 2019"
],
"first_known_use":{
"1987, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"dystrophy + -in entry 1":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8dis-tr\u0259-\u02ccfin",
"\u02c8di-str\u0259-\u02ccfin"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220707-032553",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"dystrophy":{
"antonyms":[],
"definitions":{
": a condition produced by faulty nutrition":[]
},
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Myotonic dystrophy is a rare, inherited disease that affects the muscles and other body systems. \u2014 Julie Washington, cleveland , 16 Apr. 2022",
"Myotonic dystrophy is usually caused by a gene mutation. \u2014 Julie Washington, cleveland , 16 Apr. 2022",
"Myotonic dystrophy type 2, is an even rarer form of the the condition and its exact prevalence is unknown. \u2014 Maggie O'neill, Health.com , 15 Apr. 2022",
"Myotonic dystrophy is also known to cause irregular electrical control of the heartbeat. \u2014 Caitlin O'kane, CBS News , 13 Apr. 2022",
"Myotonic dystrophy can lead to scarring in the heart, and arrhythmias \u2014 an irregular heartbeat. \u2014 Julie Mazziotta, PEOPLE.com , 13 Apr. 2022",
"This year, 53 one-of-a-kind pieces were donated to the sale, which raises funds for the Monagasque Association against Muscular dystrophy . \u2014 Carol Besler, Robb Report , 8 Nov. 2021",
"This is the ninth edition of the biennial charity auction, which has to date raised more than $70-million for the Monagasque Association against Muscular dystrophy . \u2014 Carol Besler, Forbes , 22 Oct. 2021",
"In the meantime, Sarepta has won approval for two other dystrophy drugs based on similar results that also require follow-up trials, which the company says are already well underway. \u2014 Matthew Perrone, Chron , 1 July 2021"
],
"first_known_use":{
"1901, in the meaning defined at sense 1":""
},
"history_and_etymology":{
"dys- + -trophy , after New Latin dystrophia, French dystrophie or German Dystrophie":""
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8dis-tr\u0259-f\u0113",
"\u02c8di-str\u0259-f\u0113"
],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"synonyms":[],
"time_of_retrieval":"20220706-105704",
"type":[
"noun"
]
},
"dyskinesia":{
"type":[
"adjective",
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": impairment of voluntary movements resulting in fragmented or jerky motions (as in Parkinson's disease) \u2014 compare tardive dyskinesia":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"-k\u012b-",
"\u02ccdis-k\u0259-\u02c8n\u0113-zh(\u0113-)\u0259",
"\u02ccdis-k\u0259-\u02c8n\u0113-zh(\u0113-)\u0259, -k\u012b-"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Programs to help treat cystic fibrosis and primary ciliary dyskinesia are in preclinical stages, using a non-viral lipid nanoparticle to deliver a payload to a specific organ. \u2014 Ann Gehan, Dallas News , 2 Sep. 2021",
"Before he was charged in the corruption case, Caraway had been receiving care for numerous medical conditions, including esophageal dyskinesia , hypertension and sleep apnea, Payma said in the filing. \u2014 Dallas News , 30 July 2020",
"As part of the funding, the company merged with TranscripTx, a Menlo Park, Calif., company that had been focused on primary ciliary dyskinesia . \u2014 Connor Pittman, Dallas News , 27 Mar. 2020",
"Its experimental drugs could be used to treat cystic fibrosis and primary ciliary dyskinesia , which are both marked by chronic respiratory infections. \u2014 Connor Pittman, Dallas News , 27 Mar. 2020",
"Medicines that stimulate dopamine are currently standard treatment but can cause unwanted, uncontrolled movements, called dyskinesia , as the disease progresses. \u2014 Ese Olumhense, chicagotribune.com , 11 Dec. 2017"
],
"history_and_etymology":{
"borrowed from Greek dysk\u012bn\u0113s\u00eda \"difficulty in moving,\" from dys- dys- + k\u00edn\u0113sis \"motion, movement\" + -ia -ia entry 1 \u2014 more at -kinesis":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"circa 1706, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220708-190652"
},
"dyslexia":{
"type":[
"adjective",
"adjective or noun",
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": a variable often familial learning disability involving difficulties in acquiring and processing language that is typically manifested by a lack of proficiency in reading, spelling, and writing":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"dis-\u02c8lek-s\u0113-\u0259"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Reggie's dyslexia comes back with a vengeance and Veronica starts seeing spiders everywhere, my true nightmare. \u2014 Samantha Highfill, EW.com , 9 May 2022",
"The combination of his dyslexia and family history make for an interesting pathology, marked at once by shame and determination. \u2014 New York Times , 27 Apr. 2022",
"The character is further described as a loner within the law enforcement community who hides the severe dyslexia that went untreated during his traumatic childhood in foster care. \u2014 Joe Otterson, Variety , 18 Apr. 2022",
"Burnett announced her resignation as city clerk in November 2021 after claiming the city had refused to accommodate her dyslexia and suggested that, as a woman of Filipino descent, racial discrimination may have been an issue. \u2014 Brian Amaral, BostonGlobe.com , 8 Apr. 2022",
"People would talk as if my songs, my achievements, my career etc. had been achieved despite things like my dyslexia . \u2014 Heran Mamo, Billboard , 1 Apr. 2022",
"The fact of the matter, though, is that most people who are diagnosed are taught how to deal with their dyslexia rather than play to its strengths. \u2014 Stephen Frost, Forbes , 20 Jan. 2022",
"Eventually, the future politician realized there were benefits to his dyslexia . \u2014 Sam Gillette, PEOPLE.com , 10 Dec. 2021",
"Printed with a dyslexia -friendly font, the latest brilliant addition to Andrea Beaty and David Roberts' best-selling series is a poignant exercise in acceptance, self-love, and diversity. \u2014 Ew Staff, EW.com , 7 Dec. 2021"
],
"history_and_etymology":{
"earlier, \"impairment in the ability to read due to a brain injury,\" borrowed from French & German; French dyslexie, borrowed from German Dyslexie, from dys- dys- + -lexie (in Alexie alexia )":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"circa 1888, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220708-201547"
},
"dyslexiac":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": one affected with dyslexia":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"d\u0259\u0307\u02c8sleks\u0113\u02ccak"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"New Latin dyslexia + English -c (as in maniac )":""
},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-081214"
},
"dyspepsy":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": dyspepsia sense 1":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"-eps\u0113"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"French or Latin; French dyspepsie , from Latin dyspepsia":""
},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-102046"
},
"dysgraphia":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": impairment of handwriting ability that is characterized chiefly by very poor or often illegible writing or writing that takes an unusually long time and great effort to complete":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"(\u02c8)dis-\u02c8graf-\u0113-\u0259",
"(\u02cc)dis-\u02c8gra-f\u0113-\u0259"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Vutpakdi's son is part of a rare group known as twice exceptional, or 2e \u2014 children who have high IQs of over 130, but who also face challenges such as attention deficit disorder, autism, dyslexia or dysgraphia , the inability to write clearly. \u2014 Caitlin Yoshiko Kandil, latimes.com , 2 Mar. 2018"
],
"history_and_etymology":{
"dys- + Greek -graphia \"writing\" (from gr\u00e1phein \"to write\" + -ia -ia entry 1 ), probably after French dysgraphie \u2014 more at carve":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"1892, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-175744"
},
"dyspepsia":{
"type":[
"adjective or noun",
"adverb",
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": indigestion":[],
": ill humor : disgruntlement":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"dis-\u02c8pep-sh\u0259",
"-s\u0113-\u0259"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"He is suffering from dyspepsia .",
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Take for example an experiment that administered capsaicin to volunteers with functional dyspepsia as well as healthy folks. \u2014 Patrick Wilson, Outside Online , 21 Aug. 2020",
"Beyond acute physical and psychological stress, what else can aggravate visceral hypersensitivity in people with IBS, dyspepsia , or other gut disorders? \u2014 Patrick Wilson, Outside Online , 21 Aug. 2020",
"To diagnose it, then\u2014this diegetic dyspepsia \u2014a comprehensive examination of the patient must be performed. \u2014 Jason Kehe, Wired , 7 July 2021",
"Another risk of nighttime eating is dyspepsia , more commonly known as indigestion or an upset stomach. \u2014 Carolyn L. Todd, SELF , 23 Aug. 2019",
"And functional dyspepsia , which affects the stomach and is otherwise known as indigestion, affects nearly 32% of the population, according to a 2004 study published in The American Journal of Gastroenterology. \u2014 Colleen Stinchcombe, Woman's Day , 29 Oct. 2018",
"Upper stomach pain or feelings of fullness paired with bloating may be indicative of dyspepsia , for example, whereas lower abdomen cramping and a change in bowel habits could point to IBS. \u2014 Colleen Stinchcombe, Woman's Day , 29 Oct. 2018",
"The Europeans who encountered indigenous people in Mexico in the 1500s noted that chocolate was used to treat numerous ailments ranging from dysentery and indigestion, to fatigue and dyspepsia . \u2014 Jeffrey Miller, Smithsonian , 29 June 2018",
"Pepsi however, says that the truth is that the name came from Bradham\u2019s belief that his Pepsi-Cola could soothe an upset stomach, taking its name from the word dyspepsia , which means indigestion. \u2014 Melissa Locker, Southern Living , 27 Feb. 2018"
],
"history_and_etymology":{
"borrowed from Latin, borrowed from Greek dyspeps\u00eda, from dys- dys- + p\u00e9psis \"cooking, ripening, digestion\" (from pep-, base of p\u00e9ttein, p\u00e9ssein, p\u00e9ptein \"to cook, ripen, digest\" + -sis -sis ) + -ia -ia entry 1 \u2014 more at cook entry 1":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"circa 1706, in the meaning defined at sense 1":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220715-101307"
},
"dysphagia":{
"type":[
"adjective",
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": difficulty in swallowing":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"dis-\u02c8f\u0101-j(\u0113-)\u0259"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Another common reason for a liquid diet is dysphagia , or trouble swallowing. \u2014 Julie Stewart, Men's Health , 2 June 2022",
"Sometimes dysphagia can be improved with interventions such as speech therapy. \u2014 Julie Stewart, Men's Health , 2 June 2022",
"Career Goals: Become a geriatric medical speech pathologist specializing in dementia, Alzheimer\u2019s and dysphagia . \u2014 Mary Colurso | Mcolurso@al.com, al , 10 Dec. 2021",
"According to the report, the 83-year-old woman sought treatment at a gastroenterology clinic for dysphagia (aka, swallowing difficulties) and regurgitation after every meal. \u2014 Maggie O'neill, Health.com , 29 Apr. 2020",
"Part of that script included saying the patient had been diagnosed with dysphagia , or difficulty swallowing, as well as saying that the patients had histories of cancer in order to obtain authorization. \u2014 Hollie Silverman, CNN , 14 Jan. 2020",
"The cause was dysphagia , a swallowing disorder, said a daughter, Elaine Trogdon. \u2014 Washington Post , 21 Oct. 2019",
"There are a few simple tests to diagnose the severity of dysphagia . \u2014 Douglas Jacobs, Washington Post , 7 Mar. 2018",
"Even patients who are NPO will continue to aspirate if their dysphagia is severe enough. \u2014 Douglas Jacobs, Washington Post , 7 Mar. 2018"
],
"history_and_etymology":{
"borrowed from New Latin, from dys- dys- + -phagia -phagia":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"1783, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-211208"
},
"dyslogistic":{
"type":[
"adjective",
"adverb"
],
"definitions":{
": uncomplimentary":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02ccdis-l\u0259-\u02c8ji-stik"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"dys- + -logistic (in eulogistic )":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"1812, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-212927"
},
"dyspathy":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": lack of sympathy : antipathy":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8disp\u0259th\u0113"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"probably from obsolete French dispathie , from dis- dys- + -pathie -pathy":""
},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-225153"
},
"dysluite":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": a brown variety of gahnite":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"d\u0259\u0307\u02c8s-",
"\u02c8di(\u02cc)sl\u00fc\u02cc\u012bt"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"irregular from dys- + Greek lyein to loosen, dissolve + English -ite":""
},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-230456"
},
"dysphasia":{
"type":[
"noun",
"noun or adjective"
],
"definitions":{
": loss of or deficiency in the power to use or understand language as a result of injury to or disease of the brain":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"dis-\u02c8f\u0101-zh(\u0113-)\u0259"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"One resident, a 72-year-old Marine Corps veteran, died of septic shock stemming from an untreated urinary tract infection, dysphasia and pneumonia: complications spurred by improper medical care and neglect. \u2014 Dana Ferguson, Twin Cities , 24 Sep. 2019",
"Brayson had been diagnosed with fragile X syndrome, pervasive developmental disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, impulse control disorder and dysphasia , according to records obtained by IndyStar. \u2014 Marisa Kwiatkowski, Indianapolis Star , 31 May 2018"
],
"history_and_etymology":{
"borrowed from French dysphasie, from dys- + -phasie (in aphasie aphasia )":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"circa 1883, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220710-085805"
},
"dysarthria":{
"type":[
"adjective",
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": difficulty in articulating words due to disease of the central nervous system":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"di-\u02c8s\u00e4r-thr\u0113-\u0259",
"dis-\u02c8\u00e4r-thr\u0113-\u0259"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Classical symptoms include symmetrical quadriplegia, dysarthria , dysphagia, confusion, and pseudobulbar palsy. \u2014 Maryn Mckenna, WIRED , 27 Jan. 2011"
],
"history_and_etymology":{
"borrowed from German Dysarthrie, from dys- dys- + Greek \u00e1rthron \"joint, articulation\" + German -ie -ia entry 1 \u2014 more at arthro-":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"1878, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220710-095138"
},
"dysphemism":{
"type":[
"adjective",
"noun"
],
"definitions":{},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8dis-f\u0259-\u02ccmi-z\u0259m"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"dys- + -phemism (in euphemism )":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"1884, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220710-133556"
},
"dysmenorrhea":{
"type":[
"adjective",
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": painful menstruation":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"(\u02cc)dis-\u02ccme-n\u0259-\u02c8r\u0113-\u0259"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"The draft law puts the spotlight on dysmenorrhea , the severe pain that women can suffer during menstruation and that can leave them too debilitated to work. \u2014 New York Times , 17 May 2022",
"Around a third of women who menstruate suffer from severe period pain known as dysmenorrhea , according to the Spanish Gynecology and Obstetrics Society. \u2014 Sophie Mellor, Fortune , 12 May 2022",
"Primary dysmenorrhea , the cramping pain that comes before and during a period, is caused by a change in natural chemicals in your body, per ACOG. \u2014 Claire Gillespie, Health.com , 19 Jan. 2022",
"For many adolescents \u2014 and adults \u2014 with dysmenorrhea , the cornerstone of successful treatment is hormones. \u2014 Perri Klass, New York Times , 3 Feb. 2020",
"Cramps caused by anything other than menstruation are called secondary dysmenorrhea . \u2014 Sophia Caraballo, Woman's Day , 25 June 2019",
"Secondary dysmenorrhea can be caused by uterine fibroids, cysts, or polyps. \u2014 Sophia Caraballo, Woman's Day , 25 June 2019",
"Secondary dysmenorrhea can come with a number of symptoms. \u2014 Sophia Caraballo, Woman's Day , 25 June 2019",
"The sensation of painful menstrual cramps (or dysmenorrhea ) usually occurs before your cycle begins or during the first few days. \u2014 Shanelle Drakeford, Allure , 8 July 2018"
],
"history_and_etymology":{
"borrowed from New Latin, from dys- dys- + menorrhea, menorrhoea \"menstrual flow,\" from meno- meno- + -rrhea, rrhoea -rrhea":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"circa 1810, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220710-133811"
},
"dyschromatopsia":{
"type":[
"adjective",
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": incomplete color blindness":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"(\u00a6)dis+",
"d\u0259s"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"New Latin, from dys- + chromatopsia":""
},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220710-180805"
},
"dysphonia":{
"type":[
"adjective",
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": defective use of the voice":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"dis-\u02c8f\u014d-n\u0113-\u0259"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"The exact cause of spasmodic dysphonia isn't totally understood. \u2014 Sarah Jacoby, SELF , 27 Feb. 2019",
"Twain revealed in 2011 that she was diagnosed with dysphonia , a disorder of the vocal chords characterized by hoarseness and difficulty speaking\u2014part of the reason for her silence these past 15 years. \u2014 Taysha Murtaugh, Country Living , 16 Feb. 2017",
"Spasmodic dysphonia is a condition affecting the muscles of the larynx. \u2014 Sarah Jacoby, SELF , 27 Feb. 2019",
"Twain, who has been open about her struggle with regaining her vocal strength after a battle with Lyme disease resulting in dysphonia , sounded rested and clear. \u2014 Jessi Roti, chicagotribune.com , 20 May 2018",
"Krauss had been suffering from vocal problems around that time, and went on hiatus in September 2013, citing a condition called dysphonia . \u2014 Mary Colurso, AL.com , 20 Feb. 2018",
"Another possibility was spasmodic dysphonia , a condition in which spasms of the vocal cords affect speech. \u2014 Manuel Roig-franzia, Washington Post , 18 Dec. 2017",
"What Mr. Hancock initially dismissed as a sore throat was diagnosed as spasmodic dysphonia , an incurable neurological condition that causes spasms in the vocal cords and is made worse by stress. \u2014 Jennifer Van Allen, New York Times , 9 Mar. 2016"
],
"history_and_etymology":{
"borrowed from New Latin dysph\u014dnia, probably from dys- dys- + -ph\u014dnia (in euph\u014dnia euphony )":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"circa 1706, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220710-193757"
},
"dysphoria":{
"type":[
"adjective",
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": a state of feeling very unhappy, uneasy, or dissatisfied \u2014 see gender dysphoria":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"dis-\u02c8f\u014dr-\u0113-\u0259, -\u02c8f\u022fr-",
"dis-\u02c8f\u022fr-\u0113-\u0259"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"The report\u2019s conclusion that the gender- dysphoria treatments fail that test opens the door to coverage being denied. \u2014 Jim Saunders, Sun Sentinel , 6 June 2022",
"Facial hair is a dysphoria -inducing hotspot among trans women who grow it naturally. \u2014 Madison Werner, Glamour , 9 June 2022",
"Another might experience dysphoria as mainly visual but still enjoy vaginal receptive intercourse; phalloplasty without vaginectomy could meet this need with fewer procedures. \u2014 New York Times , 10 May 2022",
"Next his concerned parents are checking him into a treatment center for those with species dysphoria . \u2014 Bill Goodykoontz, Detroit Free Press , 3 Dec. 2021",
"Next his concerned parents are checking him into a treatment center for those with species dysphoria . \u2014 Bill Goodykoontz, Detroit Free Press , 3 Dec. 2021",
"Finally, abandoning the dysphoria diagnosis for insurance reimbursement would also recognize the reality of the trans experience: There is no single way to be trans, just as there is no one way to transition or access medically necessary care. \u2014 Dallas Ducar, STAT , 15 Mar. 2022",
"But Cage calibrates his dysphoria with athletic precision, and its psychic toll is high. \u2014 Dan Piepenbring, Harper\u2019s Magazine , 18 Jan. 2022",
"Next his concerned parents are checking him into a treatment center for those with species dysphoria . \u2014 Bill Goodykoontz, Detroit Free Press , 3 Dec. 2021"
],
"history_and_etymology":{
"borrowed from New Latin, borrowed from Greek dysphor\u00eda \"malaise, discomfort, vexation,\" from d\u00fdsphoros \"hard to bear, grievous\" (from dys- dys- + -phoros, nominal ablaut derivative from the base of ph\u00e9rein \"to carry, bear\") + -ia -ia entry 1 \u2014 more at bear entry 2":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"circa 1842, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220710-202611"
},
"dysphoric":{
"type":[
"adjective"
],
"definitions":{
": very unhappy, uneasy, or dissatisfied : marked or characterized by dysphoria":[
"a dysphoric mood",
"a dysphoric person"
],
"\u2014 see also premenstrual dysphoric disorder":[
"a dysphoric mood",
"a dysphoric person"
]
},
"pronounciation":[
"dis-\u02c8f\u022fr-ik",
"-\u02c8f\u00e4r-"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"dysphoria + -ic entry 1":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"1888, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220710-212854"
},
"dysphotic":{
"type":[
"adjective"
],
"definitions":{
": having feeble illumination : occurring where the light is very limited (as at marine depths)":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"d\u0259\u02c8sf\u014dtik",
"(\u02c8)di\u00a6s-"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"dys- + Greek ph\u014dt-, ph\u014ds light + English -ic":""
},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220710-235106"
},
"dysgenic":{
"type":[
"adjective"
],
"definitions":{
": tending to promote survival of or reproduction by less well-adapted individuals (such as the weak or diseased) especially at the expense of well-adapted individuals (such as the strong or healthy)":[
"the dysgenic effect of war"
],
": biologically defective or deficient":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"(\u02cc)dis-\u02c8je-nik"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"dys- + -genic":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"1912, in the meaning defined at sense 1":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220711-050253"
},
"dyscrasia":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": an abnormal condition of the body and especially the blood":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"dis-\u02c8kr\u0101-zh(\u0113-)\u0259"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"Middle English discracie, discrasie \"diseased condition due to disproportionate mixture of the humors,\" borrowed from Late Latin dyscr\u0101sia, borrowed from Greek dyskr\u0101s\u00eda, from dys- dys- + kr\u00e2sis \"mixing, blending, temperament\" (from kr\u0101-, variant stem of ker\u00e1nn\u0233mi, kerann\u00fdnai \"to mix, mingle, as wine with water, temper\" + -sis -sis- ) + -ia -ia entry 1 \u2014 more at crater entry 1":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"14th century, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220711-063141"
},
"dysgenesis":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": defective development especially of the gonads (as in Klinefelter's syndrome)":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"(\u02c8)dis-\u02c8jen-\u0259-s\u0259s",
"(\u02cc)dis-\u02c8je-n\u0259-s\u0259s"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"An example would be a heritable condition called sacrocaudal dysgenesis , seen in Manx cats. \u2014 Kim Campbell Thornton, sacbee , 7 Mar. 2018"
],
"history_and_etymology":{
"dys- + genesis":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"1962, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220711-135233"
},
"dysphrasia":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": defective speech due to impairment of intellect":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"d\u0259\u0307s\u02c8fr\u0101zh(\u0113)\u0259"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"New Latin, from dys- + -phrasia":""
},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220711-180119"
},
"dysplasia":{
"type":[
"adjective",
"noun"
],
"definitions":{},
"pronounciation":[
"dis-\u02c8pl\u0101-zh(\u0113-)\u0259"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"All three children have an extremely rare genetic disease called Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia , or SIOD, that often destroys a person\u2019s ability to fight off infection and leads to kidney failure. \u2014 Erika Edwards, NBC News , 15 June 2022",
"A few weeks after that game, Vitale was diagnosed with pre-cancerous dysplasia on the vocal cords. \u2014 Wally Hall, Arkansas Online , 13 Jan. 2022",
"With epithelial atypia and mild cases of epithelial dysplasia , per the AOMP, doctors will take a more watchful waiting approach and suggest lifestyle changes (like quitting smoking). \u2014 Lauren Krouse, Health.com , 21 Oct. 2021",
"Dustin Gilmer, an Indianapolis resident, was born in 1990 with polyostotic fibrous dysplasia , a disorder where fibrous tissue takes the place of bone, leading to uneven growth and weak bones. \u2014 Madison O'connor, The Indianapolis Star , 12 Aug. 2020",
"Sarah Hyland, Ariel Winter and Nolan Gould struggled with health and body image on set Hyland, 29, has been open on her social media accounts about struggling with kidney dysplasia and endometriosis. \u2014 Hannah Yasharoff, USA TODAY , 19 May 2020",
"The 28-year-old actress has undergone not just one but two kidney transplants, having suffered longterm from a condition known as kidney dysplasia . \u2014 Lucy Wood, Marie Claire , 29 Apr. 2019",
"Cleidocranial dysplasia is an inherited condition which causes a malfunction of the RUNX2 gene responsible for triggering development and maintenance of teeth, bones and cartilage. \u2014 Sandee Lamotte, CNN , 20 Feb. 2020",
"Be sure the sire and dam are certified against hip dysplasia . \u2014 Phil Bourjaily, Field & Stream , 23 Mar. 2020"
],
"history_and_etymology":{
"probably borrowed from German Dysplasie, from dys- dys- + -plasie -plasia":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"circa 1923, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220711-195430"
},
"dyscrasite":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": a native compound Ag 3 Sb of antimony and silver usually massive and silver-white":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8diskr\u0259\u02ccs\u012bt"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"alteration of French discrase (from dis- dys- + crase , from Greek krasis mixing, combination) + English -ite":""
},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220711-212222"
},
"dyscrystalline":{
"type":[
"adjective"
],
"definitions":{
": poorly crystallized":[
"\u2014 used of rocks"
]
},
"pronounciation":[
"d\u0259s",
"(\u02c8)dis+"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"dys- + crystalline":""
},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220711-224148"
},
"Dysdercus":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": a genus of long-legged slender-bodied usually brightly colored bugs (family Pyrrhocoridae) that feed chiefly in the developing seed of cotton causing discoloration of the lint \u2014 see cotton stainer":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"d\u0259\u0307s\u02c8d\u0259rk\u0259s"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"New Latin, probably from Greek dysderk\u0113s ugly, hard to see, from dys- + -derk\u0113s (from derkesthai to see, flash)":""
},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220711-234038"
},
"dysentery":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": a disease characterized by severe diarrhea with passage of mucus and blood and usually caused by infection":[],
": diarrhea":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"-\u02ccte-r\u0113",
"\u02c8di-s\u1d4an-\u02ccter-\u0113",
"\u02c8dis-\u1d4an-\u02ccter-\u0113"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"But all the tweets about dysentery might have been bad luck. \u2014 Christine Condon, Baltimore Sun , 24 May 2022",
"Could this be dysentery or perhaps another ailment? \u2014 Sharareh Drury, Variety , 7 Apr. 2022",
"The most pressing love interest involves Isaac ( Brandon Scott Jones ), a Revolutionary War officer who continues to hide his homosexuality 245 years after dying of dysentery . \u2014 John Jurgensen, WSJ , 22 Apr. 2022",
"After dysentery and a second mysterious illness took the lives of many on the Ridge and practically killed Claire (Caitriona Balfe), new trouble was in store, courtesy of one Miss Malva Christie (Jessica Reynolds). \u2014 Maureen Lee Lenker, EW.com , 11 Apr. 2022",
"In the episode, a dysentery epidemic has spread across the Ridge. \u2014 Sharareh Drury, Variety , 7 Apr. 2022",
"Anecdotal reports suggest that Bedouin groups consumed the stools of their camels as a remedy for bacterial dysentery . \u2014 Jerome Groopman, The New York Review of Books , 21 Mar. 2019",
"Overcrowding and poor sanitary conditions led to outbreaks of typhus, tuberculosis, typhoid fever and dysentery . \u2014 Frederick N. Rasmussen, baltimoresun.com , 1 Mar. 2022",
"Young Auguste died of dysentery on the trip, and Schelling, a proponent of Brunonian medicine, was blamed by some for her death. \u2014 Claire Messud, Harper\u2019s Magazine , 18 Jan. 2022"
],
"history_and_etymology":{
"Middle English dissenterie, borrowed from Latin dysenteria (Medieval Latin desintiria, dissenteria ), borrowed from Greek dysenter\u00eda, from dys- dys- + \u00e9ntera (neuter plural) \"intestines\" + -ia -ia entry 1 \u2014 more at inter-":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220711-235313"
},
"dysfunction":{
"type":[
"adjective",
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": impaired or abnormal functioning":[
"gastrointestinal dysfunction"
],
": abnormal or unhealthy interpersonal behavior or interaction within a group":[
"family dysfunction"
]
},
"pronounciation":[
"(\u02cc)dis-\u02c8f\u0259\u014b(k)-sh\u0259n"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"The disease causes gastrointestinal dysfunctions .",
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"The Administration\u2019s decision to utilize humanitarian parole in this case offers a window into the depth of dysfunction at USRAP, which, since Trump, has granted entry to historically low numbers of refugees. \u2014 Jasmine Aguilera, Time , 25 Apr. 2022",
"As Stephen Curry sits with a foot injury and Klay Thompson attempts to regain his two-way dynamism after a 2\u00bd-year layoff, Wiggins looks like the player who was once a scapegoat for the Timberwolves\u2019 dysfunction . \u2014 Connor Letourneau, San Francisco Chronicle , 31 Mar. 2022",
"After all, this isn\u2019t merely a movie about a dysfunctional family, but a deft dissection of that dysfunction . \u2014 Shirley Li, The Atlantic , 1 Dec. 2021",
"And the transcripts of the depositions reveal the subterfuge, dysfunction and antagonisms of Trump. \u2014 Robin Givhan, Washington Post , 14 June 2022",
"Symptoms like shortness of breath, fatigue, brain fog, headaches, cardiac and central nervous system problems, cognitive dysfunction and musculoskeletal issues can last for weeks or even months. \u2014 Hartford Courant , 16 May 2022",
"Those two pollutants are associated with lung and heart dysfunction and poor cognitive function. \u2014 Julia Hotz, Scientific American , 14 May 2022",
"The Undoing in 2020 \u2014 plunges into family dysfunction with her latest; the sprawling tale of a set of wealthy, troubled triplets birthed in the earliest days of IVF. \u2014 Leah Greenblatt, EW.com , 9 May 2022",
"Most observers have renewed their outrage over corporate dysfunction and toxic work culture at Nigerian businesses. \u2014 Alexander Onukwue, Quartz , 13 Apr. 2022"
],
"history_and_etymology":{
"dys- + function entry 1":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"circa 1916, in the meaning defined at sense 1":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220712-034823"
},
"dysenteric":{
"type":[
"adjective"
],
"definitions":{
": of or relating to dysentery":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02ccdis-\u1d4an-\u02c8ter-ik",
"\u02ccdi-s\u1d4an-\u02c8ter-ik"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"borrowed from Late Latin dysentericus (Latin dysenteric\u012b \"sufferers from dysentery\"), borrowed from Greek dysenterik\u00f3s, from dysenter\u00eda dysentery + -ikos -ic entry 1":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"1727, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220712-053539"
},
"dysfunctional":{
"type":[
"adjective"
],
"definitions":{
": characterized by or exhibiting dysfunction : such as":[],
": not functioning properly : marked by impaired or abnormal functioning":[
"With 180,000 employees and a $43 billion budget, the department is a collage of 22 distinct government agencies drawn from different corners of the federal organization chart and glued together into a single, largely dysfunctional unit.",
"\u2014 Paul C. Light",
"This form of anemia develops because the bone marrow is not producing new cells rapidly enough to replace old cells that have become destroyed or otherwise dysfunctional .",
"\u2014 Tom Ewing",
"This led to a dysfunctional credit market that in important respects soon turned non-functional.",
"\u2014 Warren E. Buffett"
],
": characterized by abnormal or unhealthy interpersonal behavior or interaction":[
"dysfunctional relationships",
"As with any dysfunctional family, it may take an outsider to get a clear picture of the situation.",
"\u2014 Chris Mooney"
]
},
"pronounciation":[
"(\u02cc)dis-\u02c8f\u0259\u014b(k)-shn\u0259l",
"-sh\u0259-n\u1d4al"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"dysfunction + -al entry 1 , after functional":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"1915, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220712-061801"
},
"dyspnea":{
"type":[
"adjective",
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": difficult or labored respiration":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"\u02c8dis(p)-n\u0113-\u0259"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"But dyspnea is a medical emergency, after all, so in many cases there was simply no time for that last call, or anyone available to arrange it. \u2014 Zeynep Tufekci, The Atlantic , 9 July 2020",
"In severe cases, the novel coronavirus can cause labored breathing ( dyspnea ), which progresses into acute respiratory distress in critical cases. \u2014 Daniel Tenreiro, National Review , 1 May 2020",
"There are three major reasons people feel a sense of dyspnea , or labored breathing, Moss said. \u2014 Fox News , 28 Apr. 2020",
"The most common adverse reactions (\u226520%) seen in patients receiving Opdivo were fatigue, musculoskeletal pain, cough, dyspnea , and decreased appetite. \u2014 Rachel Reiff Ellis, Woman's Day , 17 Mar. 2020"
],
"history_and_etymology":{
"borrowed from Latin dyspnoea, borrowed from Greek d\u00fdspnoia, from d\u00fdspnoos, d\u00fdspnous \"short of breath\" (from dys- dys- + -pnoos, nominal ablaut derivative from the base of pn\u00e9\u014d, pne\u00een \"to breathe\") + -ia -ia entry 1 \u2014 more at sneeze entry 1":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"circa 1681, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220712-075103"
},
"dysyntribite":{
"type":[
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": a variety of pinite":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"d\u0259\u0307\u02c8sin\u2027tr\u0259\u02ccb\u012bt"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[],
"history_and_etymology":{
"dys- + Greek syntrib ein to rub together, shatter, crush (from syn- + tribein to rub) + English -ite":""
},
"first_known_use":{},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220713-020404"
},
"dysuria":{
"type":[
"adjective",
"noun"
],
"definitions":{
": difficult or painful discharge of urine \u2014 compare strangury":[]
},
"pronounciation":[
"dis-\u02c8yu\u0307r-\u0113-\u0259",
"dish-",
"dish-\u02c8(y)u\u0307r-\u0113-\u0259",
"dis-\u02c8yu\u0307r-"
],
"synonyms":[],
"antonyms":[],
"synonym_discussion":"",
"examples":[
"Recent Examples on the Web",
"Male patients may have a fistula between the bladder and the abnormal colon, which can present as frequent urinary tract infections, pain with urination ( dysuria ), or air passing with urination (pneumaturia). \u2014 Andrea K. Mcdaniels, baltimoresun.com , 7 June 2018"
],
"history_and_etymology":{
"Middle English dissuria, dissure, borrowed from Late Latin dys\u016bria, borrowed from Greek dysour\u00eda, from dys- dys- + -ouria -uria":""
},
"first_known_use":{
"14th century, in the meaning defined above":""
},
"time_of_retrieval":"20220713-022153"
}
}