{ "abrasive":{ "causing annoyance":{ "examples":[ "an abrasive display of rude behavior" ], "synonyms":[ "aggravating", "annoying", "bothersome", "carking", "chafing", "disturbing", "exasperating", "frustrating", "galling", "irksome", "irritating", "maddening", "nettlesome", "nettling", "peeving", "pesky", "pestiferous", "pestilent", "pestilential", "pesty", "plaguey", "plaguy", "rankling", "rebarbative", "riling", "vexatious", "vexing" ], "near synonyms":[ "burdensome", "discomforting", "displeasing", "disquieting", "distressing", "importunate", "importune", "inconveniencing", "angering", "enraging", "infuriating", "brattish", "bratty", "mischievous", "offensive", "troublesome", "upsetting", "distractive", "painful", "stressful", "tiresome", "troubling", "trying", "worrisome", "biting", "grating", "jangling", "jarring", "spiny", "thorny" ], "near antonyms":[ "delightful", "pleasing" ], "antonyms":[] }, "type":[ "adjective" ] }, "abridged":{ "as in":{ "antonyms":[], "examples":[], "near antonyms":[], "related":[], "synonyms":[] }, "to make less in extent or duration":{ "antonyms":[ "elongated", "extended", "lengthened", "prolonged", "protracted" ], "examples":[ "the library's hours have been drastically abridged to cut costs" ], "near antonyms":[ "enlarged", "expanded", "supplemented", "added", "aggrandized", "amplified", "augmented", "ballooned", "boosted", "dilated", "escalated", "heightened", "increased", "maximized", "pumped up", "raised", "blew up", "distended", "inflated", "swelled" ], "related":[ "abstracted", "digested", "encapsulated", "epitomized", "recapitulated", "summarized", "summed up", "abated", "compressed", "constricted", "contracted", "cut", "cut down", "pared", "pruned", "trimmed", "decreased", "de-escalated", "deflated", "diminished", "downsized", "dwindled", "lessened", "lowered", "moderated", "modified", "reduced", "retrenched", "shrank", "shrunk", "slashed", "subtracted (from)", "tapered" ], "synonyms":[ "abbreviated", "curtailed", "cut back", "docked", "elided", "shortened", "syncopated", "truncated" ] }, "type":[ "adjective", "verb" ] }, "abridgment":{ "a shortened version of a written work":{ "examples":[ "this Italian-English pocket dictionary is an abridgment of the hardback edition" ], "synonyms":[ "abbreviation", "bowdlerization", "condensation", "digest" ], "near synonyms":[ "abstract", "aper\u00e7u", "brief", "capsule", "outline", "overview", "pr\u00e9cis", "recap", "recapitulation", "r\u00e9sum\u00e9", "resume", "resum\u00e9", "review", "sketch", "sum", "summarization", "summary", "summation", "survey", "syllabus", "synopsis", "tabloid", "wrap-up" ], "near antonyms":[ "amplification", "elaboration", "enlargement", "expansion" ], "antonyms":[] }, "type":[ "noun" ] }, "abracadabra":{ "a spoken word or set of words believed to have magic power":{ "examples":[ "originally, an abracadabra was a cryptogram of the word \"abracadabra\" that was repeated in diminishing form until it disappeared entirely\u2014supposedly just like the targeted evil or misfortune" ], "synonyms":[ "bewitchment", "charm", "conjuration", "enchantment", "glamour", "glamor", "hex", "incantation", "invocation", "spell", "whammy" ], "near synonyms":[ "cantrip", "curse", "jinx", "bewitchery", "conjuring", "magic", "mojo", "necromancy", "sorcery", "voodoo", "voodooism", "witchcraft", "witchery", "wizardry", "amulet", "fetish", "fetich", "phylactery", "talisman" ], "near antonyms":[], "antonyms":[] }, "unintelligible or meaningless talk":{ "examples":[ "after some abracadabra the spiritualist announced that we had made contact with \"the other side\"" ], "synonyms":[ "babble", "blabber", "burble", "double Dutch", "double-talk", "drivel", "gabble", "gibber", "gibberish", "jabber", "jabberwocky", "mumbo jumbo", "nonsense", "prattle", "slobber" ], "near synonyms":[ "blah", "blah-blah", "hocus-pocus", "hokeypokey", "twaddle", "chatter", "gab", "patter", "prate", "tattle", "twitter", "cackle", "clack", "clatter" ], "near antonyms":[], "antonyms":[] }, "type":[ "noun" ] }, "abrade":{ "to damage or diminish by continued friction":{ "examples":[ "ropes abraded by the rocks were a huge danger to the climbers" ], "synonyms":[ "chafe", "corrade", "erode", "fray", "frazzle", "fret", "gall", "rasp", "rub", "wear" ], "near synonyms":[ "file", "gnaw", "grate", "graze", "grind", "nibble", "sandblast", "sandpaper", "scour", "scrape", "scuff", "shave", "erase", "reduce", "rub out", "wear out", "wipe (away)", "bite", "break down", "break up", "chew", "corrode", "decompose", "disintegrate", "dissolve", "eat", "hone", "sharpen", "whet" ], "near antonyms":[], "antonyms":[] }, "to make sore by continued rubbing":{ "examples":[ "my new running shoes abraded my heels until they blistered" ], "synonyms":[ "chafe", "excoriate", "fret", "gall", "irritate" ], "near synonyms":[ "graze", "scrape", "scratch", "burn", "inflame", "enflame", "flay", "peel", "skin" ], "near antonyms":[], "antonyms":[] }, "to damage by rubbing against a sharp or rough surface":{ "examples":[ "the yacht's once-flawless wooden hull had been badly abraded by years of rough dockings" ], "synonyms":[ "graze", "scrape", "scratch", "scuff" ], "near synonyms":[ "bark", "skin", "chafe", "fret", "gall", "claw", "cut", "lacerate", "bruise", "contuse" ], "near antonyms":[ "polish", "smooth", "soften", "wax" ], "antonyms":[] }, "type":[ "verb" ] }, "abrogated":{ "to put an end to by formal action":{ "examples":[ "the U.S. Congress can abrogate old treaties that are unfair to Native Americans" ], "synonyms":[ "abated", "abolished", "annulled", "avoided", "canceled", "cancelled", "disannulled", "dissolved", "invalidated", "negated", "nulled", "nullified", "quashed", "repealed", "rescinded", "rolled back", "struck down", "vacated", "voided" ], "near synonyms":[ "countermanded", "overrode", "overruled", "overturned", "vetoed", "aborted", "called", "called off", "dropped", "recalled", "retracted", "reversed", "revoked", "suspended", "withdrew", "banned", "enjoined", "forbade", "forbad", "outlawed", "prohibited", "disallowed", "dismissed", "rejected", "annihilated", "broke down", "eliminated", "eradicated", "erased", "liquidated", "removed", "threw out", "wrote off" ], "near antonyms":[ "enacted", "laid down", "legislated", "established", "founded", "instituted", "formalized", "legalized", "legitimated", "legitimized", "validated", "passed", "ratified", "allowed", "approved", "authorized", "cleared", "endorsed", "indorsed", "permitted", "sanctioned", "warranted", "commanded", "decreed", "mandated", "ordered", "prescribed" ], "antonyms":[] }, "type":[ "verb" ] }, "abrades":{ "to damage or diminish by continued friction":{ "examples":[ "ropes abraded by the rocks were a huge danger to the climbers" ], "synonyms":[ "chafes", "corrades", "erodes", "frays", "frazzles", "frets", "galls", "rasps", "rubs", "wears" ], "near synonyms":[ "files", "gnaws", "grates", "grazes", "grinds", "nibbles", "sandblasts", "sandpapers", "scours", "scrapes", "scuffs", "shaves", "erases", "reduces", "rubs out", "wears out", "wipes (away)", "bites", "breaks down", "breaks up", "chews", "corrodes", "decomposes", "disintegrates", "dissolves", "eats", "hones", "sharpens", "whets" ], "near antonyms":[], "antonyms":[] }, "to make sore by continued rubbing":{ "examples":[ "my new running shoes abraded my heels until they blistered" ], "synonyms":[ "chafes", "excoriates", "frets", "galls", "irritates" ], "near synonyms":[ "grazes", "scrapes", "scratches", "burns", "inflames", "enflames", "flays", "peels", "skins" ], "near antonyms":[], "antonyms":[] }, "to damage by rubbing against a sharp or rough surface":{ "examples":[ "the yacht's once-flawless wooden hull had been badly abraded by years of rough dockings" ], "synonyms":[ "grazes", "scrapes", "scratches", "scuffs" ], "near synonyms":[ "barks", "skins", "chafes", "frets", "galls", "claws", "cuts", "lacerates", "bruises", "contuses" ], "near antonyms":[ "polishes", "smooths", "smoothes", "softens", "waxes" ], "antonyms":[] }, "type":[ "verb" ] }, "abruptly":{ "with great suddenness":{ "examples":[ "the car in front stopped abruptly , and we almost hit it" ], "synonyms":[ "short", "suddenly" ], "near synonyms":[ "surprisingly", "unexpectedly", "directly", "immediately", "incontinently", "instantaneously", "instantly", "promptly", "pronto", "right", "right away", "right off", "straightaway", "fast", "full tilt", "posthaste", "quick", "quickly", "rapidly", "readily", "snappily", "speedily", "swift", "swiftly", "hastily", "impetuously", "impulsively", "rashly", "recklessly" ], "near antonyms":[ "gradually", "slowly", "hesitantly" ], "antonyms":[] }, "type":[ "adverb" ] }, "abridgement":{ "a shortened version of a written work":{ "examples":[ "this Italian-English pocket dictionary is an abridgment of the hardback edition" ], "synonyms":[ "abbreviation", "bowdlerization", "condensation", "digest" ], "near synonyms":[ "abstract", "aper\u00e7u", "brief", "capsule", "outline", "overview", "pr\u00e9cis", "recap", "recapitulation", "r\u00e9sum\u00e9", "resume", "resum\u00e9", "review", "sketch", "sum", "summarization", "summary", "summation", "survey", "syllabus", "synopsis", "tabloid", "wrap-up" ], "near antonyms":[ "amplification", "elaboration", "enlargement", "expansion" ], "antonyms":[] }, "type":[ "noun" ] }, "abraded":{ "to damage or diminish by continued friction":{ "examples":[ "ropes abraded by the rocks were a huge danger to the climbers" ], "synonyms":[ "chafed", "corraded", "eroded", "frayed", "frazzled", "fretted", "galled", "rasped", "rubbed", "wore" ], "near synonyms":[ "filed", "gnawed", "grated", "grazed", "ground", "nibbled", "sandblasted", "sandpapered", "scoured", "scraped", "scuffed", "shaved", "erased", "reduced", "rubbed out", "wiped (away)", "wore out", "ate", "bit", "broke down", "broke up", "chewed", "corroded", "decomposed", "disintegrated", "dissolved", "honed", "sharpened", "whetted" ], "near antonyms":[], "antonyms":[] }, "to make sore by continued rubbing":{ "examples":[ "my new running shoes abraded my heels until they blistered" ], "synonyms":[ "chafed", "excoriated", "fretted", "galled", "irritated" ], "near synonyms":[ "grazed", "scraped", "scratched", "burned", "burnt", "inflamed", "enflamed", "flayed", "peeled", "skinned" ], "near antonyms":[], "antonyms":[] }, "to damage by rubbing against a sharp or rough surface":{ "examples":[ "the yacht's once-flawless wooden hull had been badly abraded by years of rough dockings" ], "synonyms":[ "grazed", "scraped", "scratched", "scuffed" ], "near synonyms":[ "barked", "skinned", "chafed", "fretted", "galled", "clawed", "cut", "lacerated", "bruised", "contused" ], "near antonyms":[ "polished", "smoothed", "softened", "waxed" ], "antonyms":[] }, "type":[ "verb" ] }, "abrogates":{ "to put an end to by formal action":{ "examples":[ "the U.S. Congress can abrogate old treaties that are unfair to Native Americans" ], "synonyms":[ "abates", "abolishes", "annuls", "avoids", "cancels", "disannuls", "dissolves", "invalidates", "negates", "nullifies", "nulls", "quashes", "repeals", "rescinds", "rolls back", "strikes down", "vacates", "voids" ], "near synonyms":[ "countermands", "overrides", "overrules", "overturns", "vetoes", "aborts", "calls", "calls off", "drops", "recalls", "retracts", "reverses", "revokes", "suspends", "withdraws", "bans", "enjoins", "forbids", "outlaws", "prohibits", "disallows", "dismisses", "rejects", "annihilates", "breaks down", "eliminates", "eradicates", "erases", "liquidates", "removes", "throws out", "writes off" ], "near antonyms":[ "enacts", "lays down", "legislates", "establishes", "founds", "institutes", "formalizes", "legalizes", "legitimates", "legitimizes", "validates", "passes", "ratifies", "allows", "approves", "authorizes", "clears", "endorses", "indorses", "permits", "sanctions", "warrants", "commands", "decrees", "mandates", "orders", "prescribes" ], "antonyms":[] }, "type":[ "verb" ] }, "abroad":{ "as in afloat , hereabouts":{ "examples":[], "synonyms":[], "near synonyms":[ "afloat", "hereabouts", "hereabout", "all over", "everyplace", "everywhere", "about", "around", "round" ], "near antonyms":[], "antonyms":[] }, "as in afar , afield":{ "examples":[], "synonyms":[], "near synonyms":[ "afar", "afield", "astray", "apart", "aside", "elsewhere", "away", "down", "fro", "hence", "off", "out" ], "near antonyms":[], "antonyms":[] }, "as in vacationing":{ "examples":[], "synonyms":[], "near synonyms":[ "vacationing", "departed", "gone", "retired", "AWOL", "truant", "absent", "away", "missing", "out" ], "near antonyms":[ "here", "in", "present", "accompanying", "attending", "participating" ], "antonyms":[] }, "type":[ "adjective", "adverb" ] }, "abridgments":{ "a shortened version of a written work":{ "examples":[ "this Italian-English pocket dictionary is an abridgment of the hardback edition" ], "synonyms":[ "abbreviations", "bowdlerizations", "condensations", "digests" ], "near synonyms":[ "abstracts", "aper\u00e7us", "briefs", "capsules", "outlines", "overviews", "pr\u00e9cis", "recapitulations", "recaps", "r\u00e9sum\u00e9s", "resumes", "resum\u00e9s", "reviews", "sketches", "summaries", "summarizations", "summations", "sums", "surveys", "syllabi", "syllabuses", "synopses", "tabloids", "wrap-ups" ], "near antonyms":[ "amplifications", "elaborations", "enlargements", "expansions" ], "antonyms":[] }, "type":[ "noun" ] }, "abrogate":{ "to put an end to by formal action":{ "examples":[ "the U.S. Congress can abrogate old treaties that are unfair to Native Americans" ], "synonyms":[ "abate", "abolish", "annul", "avoid", "cancel", "disannul", "dissolve", "invalidate", "negate", "null", "nullify", "quash", "repeal", "rescind", "roll back", "strike down", "vacate", "void" ], "near synonyms":[ "countermand", "override", "overrule", "overturn", "veto", "abort", "call", "call off", "drop", "recall", "retract", "reverse", "revoke", "suspend", "withdraw", "ban", "enjoin", "forbid", "outlaw", "prohibit", "disallow", "dismiss", "reject", "annihilate", "break down", "eliminate", "eradicate", "erase", "liquidate", "remove", "throw out", "write off" ], "near antonyms":[ "enact", "lay down", "legislate", "establish", "found", "institute", "formalize", "legalize", "legitimate", "legitimize", "validate", "pass", "ratify", "allow", "approve", "authorize", "clear", "endorse", "indorse", "permit", "sanction", "warrant", "command", "decree", "mandate", "order", "prescribe" ], "antonyms":[] }, "type":[ "verb" ] }, "abrogating":{ "to put an end to by formal action":{ "examples":[ "the U.S. Congress can abrogate old treaties that are unfair to Native Americans" ], "synonyms":[ "abating", "abolishing", "annulling", "avoiding", "canceling", "cancelling", "disannulling", "dissolving", "invalidating", "negating", "nullifying", "nulling", "quashing", "repealing", "rescinding", "rolling back", "striking down", "vacating", "voiding" ], "near synonyms":[ "countermanding", "overriding", "overruling", "overturning", "vetoing", "aborting", "calling", "calling off", "dropping", "recalling", "retracting", "reversing", "revoking", "suspending", "withdrawing", "banning", "enjoining", "forbidding", "outlawing", "prohibiting", "disallowing", "dismissing", "rejecting", "annihilating", "breaking down", "eliminating", "eradicating", "erasing", "liquidating", "removing", "throwing out", "writing off" ], "near antonyms":[ "enacting", "laying down", "legislating", "establishing", "founding", "instituting", "formalizing", "legalizing", "legitimating", "legitimizing", "validating", "passing", "ratifying", "allowing", "approving", "authorizing", "clearing", "endorsing", "indorsing", "permitting", "sanctioning", "warranting", "commanding", "decreeing", "mandating", "ordering", "prescribing" ], "antonyms":[] }, "type":[ "verb" ] }, "abrasion":{ "an area of skin roughened or worn away by harsh rubbing against another surface":{ "examples":[ "walked away from the auto accident with only minor abrasions" ], "synonyms":[ "bruise", "graze", "scrape" ], "near synonyms":[ "bedsore", "gall" ], "near antonyms":[], "antonyms":[] }, "type":[ "noun" ] }, "abridging":{ "to make less in extent or duration":{ "examples":[ "the library's hours have been drastically abridged to cut costs" ], "synonyms":[ "abbreviating", "curtailing", "cutting back", "docking", "eliding", "shortening", "syncopating", "truncating" ], "near synonyms":[ "abstracting", "digesting", "encapsulating", "epitomizing", "recapitulating", "summarizing", "summing up", "abating", "compressing", "constricting", "contracting", "cutting", "cutting down", "paring", "pruning", "trimming", "decreasing", "de-escalating", "deflating", "diminishing", "downsizing", "dwindling", "lessening", "lowering", "moderating", "modifying", "reducing", "retrenching", "shrinking", "slashing", "subtracting (from)", "tapering" ], "near antonyms":[ "enlarging", "expanding", "supplementing", "adding", "aggrandizing", "amplifying", "augmenting", "ballooning", "boosting", "dilating", "escalating", "heightening", "increasing", "maximizing", "pumping up", "raising", "blowing up", "distending", "inflating", "swelling" ], "antonyms":[ "elongating", "extending", "lengthening", "prolonging", "protracting" ] }, "type":[ "verb" ] }, "abracadabras":{ "a spoken word or set of words believed to have magic power":{ "examples":[ "originally, an abracadabra was a cryptogram of the word \"abracadabra\" that was repeated in diminishing form until it disappeared entirely\u2014supposedly just like the targeted evil or misfortune" ], "synonyms":[ "bewitchments", "charms", "conjurations", "enchantments", "glamours", "glamors", "hexes", "incantations", "invocations", "spells", "whammies" ], "near synonyms":[ "cantrips", "curses", "jinxes", "bewitcheries", "magics", "mojoes", "mojos", "necromancies", "sorceries", "voodooisms", "voodoos", "witchcrafts", "witcheries", "wizardries", "amulets", "fetishes", "fetiches", "phylacteries", "talismans" ], "near antonyms":[], "antonyms":[] }, "type":[ "noun" ] }, "abrasions":{ "an area of skin roughened or worn away by harsh rubbing against another surface":{ "examples":[ "walked away from the auto accident with only minor abrasions" ], "synonyms":[ "bruises", "grazes", "scrapes" ], "near synonyms":[ "bedsores", "galls" ], "near antonyms":[], "antonyms":[] }, "type":[ "noun" ] }, "abrupt":{ "being or characterized by direct, brief, and potentially rude speech or manner":{ "examples":[ "the policeman's abrupt manner discouraged me from trying to claim that I hadn't seen the red light" ], "synonyms":[ "bluff", "blunt", "brusque", "brusk", "crusty", "curt", "downright", "short", "short-spoken", "snippy", "unceremonious" ], "near synonyms":[ "gruff", "rough", "snappish", "candid", "direct", "forthright", "foursquare", "frank", "free-spoken", "open", "outspoken", "plain", "plainspoken", "point-blank", "straightforward", "straight-out", "artless", "discourteous", "disrespectful", "impertinent", "impolite", "inconsiderate", "insensitive", "rude", "tactless", "undiplomatic", "brief", "closemouthed", "laconic", "reserved", "reticent", "terse", "tight-lipped", "earnest", "honest", "sincere", "coarse", "crass", "crude", "low", "uncouth", "vulgar" ], "near antonyms":[ "civil", "considerate", "courteous", "diplomatic", "gracious", "polite", "politic", "smooth", "suave", "tactful", "loquacious", "talkative", "voluble", "long-winded", "prolix", "verbose", "courtly", "cultivated", "gallant", "genteel", "polished", "refined" ], "antonyms":[ "circuitous", "mealymouthed" ] }, "having an incline approaching the perpendicular":{ "examples":[ "the gentle, rolling hills gradually give way to high mountains with abrupt sides" ], "synonyms":[ "bold", "precipitous", "sheer", "steep" ], "near synonyms":[ "perpendicular", "plumb", "straight", "vertical", "craggy", "hillocky", "hilly", "mountainous", "scarped", "angled", "canted", "cocked", "heeled", "inclined", "listed", "slanted", "sloped", "tilted", "tipped" ], "near antonyms":[ "gentle", "gradual", "moderate", "soft", "even", "flat", "flush", "horizontal", "level", "plane", "smooth", "unruffled", "unwrinkled" ], "antonyms":[ "easy" ] }, "not expected":{ "examples":[ "his abrupt reappearance seems to have caught everyone off guard" ], "synonyms":[ "sudden", "unanticipated", "unexpected", "unforeseen", "unlooked-for" ], "near synonyms":[ "unintended", "unplanned", "improbable", "unlikely", "startling", "surprising" ], "near antonyms":[ "predicted", "prophesied", "unsurprising" ], "antonyms":[ "anticipated", "expected", "foreseen" ] }, "type":[ "adjective" ] }, "abridges":{ "to make less in extent or duration":{ "examples":[ "the library's hours have been drastically abridged to cut costs" ], "synonyms":[ "abbreviates", "curtails", "cuts back", "docks", "elides", "shortens", "syncopates", "truncates" ], "near synonyms":[ "abstracts", "digests", "encapsulates", "epitomizes", "recapitulates", "summarizes", "sums up", "abates", "compresses", "constricts", "contracts", "cuts", "cuts down", "pares", "prunes", "trims", "decreases", "de-escalates", "deflates", "diminishes", "downsizes", "dwindles", "lessens", "lowers", "moderates", "modifies", "reduces", "retrenches", "shrinks", "slashes", "subtracts (from)", "tapers" ], "near antonyms":[ "enlarges", "expands", "supplements", "adds", "aggrandizes", "amplifies", "augments", "balloons", "boosts", "dilates", "escalates", "heightens", "increases", "maximizes", "pumps up", "raises", "blows up", "distends", "inflates", "swells" ], "antonyms":[ "elongates", "extends", "lengthens", "prolongs", "protracts" ] }, "type":[ "verb" ] }, "abreast":{ "having information especially as a result of study or experience":{ "examples":[ "keeping abreast of the latest fashion trends" ], "synonyms":[ "acquainted", "au courant", "conversant", "familiar", "informed", "knowledgeable", "up", "up-to-date", "versed", "well-informed" ], "near synonyms":[ "alive", "aware", "cognizant", "conscious", "heedful", "mindful", "sensible", "sentient" ], "near antonyms":[ "insensible", "unaware", "unconscious", "unmindful", "blind", "oblivious", "unknowing", "unwitting", "inattentive", "unheeding" ], "antonyms":[ "ignorant", "unacquainted", "unfamiliar", "uninformed", "unknowledgeable" ] }, "type":[ "adjective" ] }, "abridgements":{ "a shortened version of a written work":{ "examples":[ "this Italian-English pocket dictionary is an abridgment of the hardback edition" ], "synonyms":[ "abbreviations", "bowdlerizations", "condensations", "digests" ], "near synonyms":[ "abstracts", "aper\u00e7us", "briefs", "capsules", "outlines", "overviews", "pr\u00e9cis", "recapitulations", "recaps", "r\u00e9sum\u00e9s", "resumes", "resum\u00e9s", "reviews", "sketches", "summaries", "summarizations", "summations", "sums", "surveys", "syllabi", "syllabuses", "synopses", "tabloids", "wrap-ups" ], "near antonyms":[ "amplifications", "elaborations", "enlargements", "expansions" ], "antonyms":[] }, "type":[ "noun" ] } }