754 lines
28 KiB
JSON
754 lines
28 KiB
JSON
|
{
|
||
|
|
"cytology":{
|
||
|
|
"type":[
|
||
|
|
"adjective",
|
||
|
|
"adverb",
|
||
|
|
"noun"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"definitions":{
|
||
|
|
": a branch of biology dealing with the structure, function, multiplication, pathology, and life history of cells : cell biology":[],
|
||
|
|
": the cellular aspects of a phenomenon, process, or structure":[
|
||
|
|
"liver cytology"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
": the microscopic examination of cells obtained from the body (as by aspiration or scraping) for diagnostic purposes : exfoliative cytology":[
|
||
|
|
"A Mayo study found that cytology is only 40 percent sensitive in detecting bladder cancer among people who have the disease.",
|
||
|
|
"\u2014 Mayo Clinic Health Letter"
|
||
|
|
]
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"pronounciation":[
|
||
|
|
"s\u012b-\u02c8t\u00e4-l\u0259-j\u0113",
|
||
|
|
"s\u012b-\u02c8t\u00e4l-\u0259-j\u0113"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"synonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"antonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonym_discussion":"",
|
||
|
|
"examples":[
|
||
|
|
"Recent Examples on the Web",
|
||
|
|
"At Texas Tech University in Lubbock, Lauro Cavazos earned a bachelor\u2019s degree in zoology in 1949 and a master\u2019s in zoological cytology , the study of cells, in 1951. \u2014 New York Times , 16 Mar. 2022",
|
||
|
|
"Born in 1917, Ranadive earned a doctorate in cytology , the study of cells, while working at the Indian Cancer Research Center. \u2014 Brett Molina, USA TODAY , 8 Nov. 2021",
|
||
|
|
"The World Health Organization suggests mass screening can currently be suggested for breast and cervical cancer, using mammography and cytology screening. \u2014 Ran Poliakine, Forbes , 17 May 2021",
|
||
|
|
"In addition to her teaching duties, and despite not having the support of a research university, Yasui also embarked on her own research in plant cytology , the study of plant cells. \u2014 Leila Mcneill, Smithsonian , 21 Dec. 2017"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"history_and_etymology":{
|
||
|
|
"International Scientific Vocabulary":""
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"first_known_use":{
|
||
|
|
"1857, in the meaning defined at sense 1a":""
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"time_of_retrieval":"20220708-171442"
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"cytologic diagnosis":{
|
||
|
|
"type":[
|
||
|
|
"noun"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"definitions":{
|
||
|
|
": cytodiagnosis especially for the detection of cancer":[]
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"pronounciation":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"antonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonym_discussion":"",
|
||
|
|
"examples":[],
|
||
|
|
"history_and_etymology":{},
|
||
|
|
"first_known_use":{},
|
||
|
|
"time_of_retrieval":"20220708-172105"
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"cytotoxic T cell":{
|
||
|
|
"type":[
|
||
|
|
"noun"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"definitions":{
|
||
|
|
": a T cell that usually bears CD8 molecular markers on its surface and that functions in cell-mediated immunity by destroying a cell (such as a virus-infected cell) having a specific antigenic molecule displayed on its surface":[
|
||
|
|
"Viruses use many tricks to persist in an immunocompetent host, one of them being mutation of the sequences (epitopes) recognized by the host's viral-specific cytotoxic T cells .",
|
||
|
|
"\u2014 Rolf M. Zinkernagel and Hans Hengartner",
|
||
|
|
"\u2026 cytotoxic T cells which recognize foreign determinants in association with class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens.",
|
||
|
|
"\u2014 Pauline Johnson et al."
|
||
|
|
]
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"pronounciation":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"antonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonym_discussion":"",
|
||
|
|
"examples":[],
|
||
|
|
"history_and_etymology":{},
|
||
|
|
"first_known_use":{
|
||
|
|
"1975, in the meaning defined above":""
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"time_of_retrieval":"20220708-211003"
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"cytolymph":{
|
||
|
|
"type":[
|
||
|
|
"noun"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"definitions":{
|
||
|
|
": hyaloplasm":[]
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"pronounciation":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"antonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonym_discussion":"",
|
||
|
|
"examples":[],
|
||
|
|
"history_and_etymology":{
|
||
|
|
"International Scientific Vocabulary cyt- + lymph ; originally formed as German zytolymphe":""
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"first_known_use":{},
|
||
|
|
"time_of_retrieval":"20220708-214247"
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"cytosine":{
|
||
|
|
"type":[
|
||
|
|
"noun"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"definitions":{
|
||
|
|
": a pyrimidine base C 4 H 5 N 3 O that codes genetic information in the polynucleotide chain of DNA or RNA \u2014 compare adenine , guanine , thymine , uracil":[]
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"pronounciation":[
|
||
|
|
"\u02c8s\u012bt-\u0259-\u02ccs\u0113n",
|
||
|
|
"\u02c8s\u012b-t\u0259-\u02ccs\u0113n"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"synonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"antonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonym_discussion":"",
|
||
|
|
"examples":[
|
||
|
|
"Recent Examples on the Web",
|
||
|
|
"There are four bases in DNA: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G) and thymine (T). \u2014 Sandee Lamotte, CNN , 31 May 2022",
|
||
|
|
"For the more recent experiments, cooler water and more sensitive study methods were used to extract and identify the nucleobases cytosine and thymine, while more sensitive study methods found the molecules, researchers say. \u2014 Mike Snider, USA TODAY , 28 Apr. 2022",
|
||
|
|
"Trading down is as much a part of GM John Schneider\u2019s DNA as adenine, guanine, cytosine and thymine. \u2014 Eddie Brown, San Diego Union-Tribune , 28 Apr. 2022",
|
||
|
|
"All genes consists of base pairs made of adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C). \u2014 Manasee Wagh, Popular Mechanics , 1 Apr. 2022",
|
||
|
|
"The low prevalence of uracil sequences is connotated by an enrichment for guanine and cytosine sequences. \u2014 William A. Haseltine, Forbes , 28 Oct. 2021",
|
||
|
|
"Called a tautomer, the drug assumes two forms, one which closely resembles uracil (U) and the other cytosine (C). \u2014 William A. Haseltine, Forbes , 8 Oct. 2021",
|
||
|
|
"Researchers have long been intrigued by the possibility that evolution could have gone in a different direction with DNA\u2019s four bases: adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C) and guanine (G). \u2014 Quanta Magazine , 12 July 2021",
|
||
|
|
"Each gene consists of some number of base pairs made of adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C). \u2014 Caroline Delbert, Popular Mechanics , 3 June 2021"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"history_and_etymology":{
|
||
|
|
"International Scientific Vocabulary cyt- + -ose + -ine entry 2":""
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"first_known_use":{
|
||
|
|
"1894, in the meaning defined above":""
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"time_of_retrieval":"20220708-235943"
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"cytotoxin":{
|
||
|
|
"type":[
|
||
|
|
"noun"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"definitions":{
|
||
|
|
": a substance (such as a toxin or antibody) having a toxic effect on cells":[]
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"pronounciation":[
|
||
|
|
"\u02ccs\u012b-t\u0259-\u02c8t\u00e4k-s\u0259n",
|
||
|
|
"\u02ccs\u012bt-\u0259-\u02c8t\u00e4k-s\u0259n"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"synonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"antonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonym_discussion":"",
|
||
|
|
"examples":[
|
||
|
|
"Recent Examples on the Web",
|
||
|
|
"The venom from the recluse is a potent cytotoxin that can cause necrotic lesions that could take months to heal. \u2014 al , 28 June 2022",
|
||
|
|
"Case in point: None of the athletes tested in his recent study experienced health problems, aside from unrelated GI stress, despite their elevated cytotoxin levels. \u2014 Amanda Macmillan, Outside Online , 17 June 2015",
|
||
|
|
"The venom is a cytotoxin (cell-destroying) that produces massive tissue damage, and what is reported to be the most agonizing of any snakebite. \u2014 David E. Petzal, Field & Stream , 30 June 2020",
|
||
|
|
"Venoms contain cytotoxins , cardiotoxins, hemotoxins and neurotoxins, components of which can be used in the treatment of cancer and many other medical conditions. \u2014 Malia Wollan, New York Times , 30 June 2017"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"history_and_etymology":{},
|
||
|
|
"first_known_use":{
|
||
|
|
"1900, in the meaning defined above":""
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-004552"
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"cytoplasm":{
|
||
|
|
"type":[
|
||
|
|
"adjective",
|
||
|
|
"adverb",
|
||
|
|
"noun"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"definitions":{
|
||
|
|
": the organized complex of inorganic and organic substances external to the nuclear membrane of a cell and including the cytosol and membrane-bound organelles (such as mitochondria or chloroplasts) \u2014 see cell illustration":[]
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"pronounciation":[
|
||
|
|
"\u02c8s\u012b-t\u0259-\u02ccpla-z\u0259m",
|
||
|
|
"\u02c8s\u012bt-\u0259-\u02ccplaz-\u0259m"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"synonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"antonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonym_discussion":"",
|
||
|
|
"examples":[
|
||
|
|
"Recent Examples on the Web",
|
||
|
|
"This little bud of DNA is then fused to the healthy cytoplasm of the donor cell. \u2014 Stephen S. Hall, Wired , 11 Mar. 2021",
|
||
|
|
"Unlike the main repository of nuclear DNA, the mitochondria are like hundreds of thousands of branch libraries of genetic information floating around in the cytoplasm of a human egg cell. \u2014 Stephen S. Hall, Wired , 11 Mar. 2021",
|
||
|
|
"In the body, cells have DNA sensors called cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS), which recognize foreign DNA in the cytoplasm and trigger the production of cyclic dinucleotides (CDNs). \u2014 William A. Haseltine, Forbes , 26 Apr. 2022",
|
||
|
|
"While S100s are generally found in neural cells, they are also found in the gut and in the cytoplasm of white blood cells called neutrophils. \u2014 William A. Haseltine, Forbes , 9 Apr. 2022",
|
||
|
|
"Studies indicate that inside the cells of a developing bird feather, the beta-keratin starts out distributed in the watery cytoplasm . \u2014 Quanta Magazine , 21 June 2021",
|
||
|
|
"But the cytoplasm is actually jammed with proteins, RNA, and other small molecules, all commingling at incredible speeds. \u2014 James Somers, The New Yorker , 28 Feb. 2022",
|
||
|
|
"Studies indicate that inside the cells of a developing bird feather, the beta-keratin starts out distributed in the watery cytoplasm . \u2014 Quanta Magazine , 21 June 2021",
|
||
|
|
"Studies indicate that inside the cells of a developing bird feather, the beta-keratin starts out distributed in the watery cytoplasm . \u2014 Quanta Magazine , 21 June 2021"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"history_and_etymology":{
|
||
|
|
"International Scientific Vocabulary":""
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"first_known_use":{
|
||
|
|
"1857, in the meaning defined above":""
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-031407"
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"cytotoxic t cell":{
|
||
|
|
"type":[
|
||
|
|
"noun"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"definitions":{
|
||
|
|
": a T cell that usually bears CD8 molecular markers on its surface and that functions in cell-mediated immunity by destroying a cell (such as a virus-infected cell) having a specific antigenic molecule displayed on its surface":[
|
||
|
|
"Viruses use many tricks to persist in an immunocompetent host, one of them being mutation of the sequences (epitopes) recognized by the host's viral-specific cytotoxic T cells .",
|
||
|
|
"\u2014 Rolf M. Zinkernagel and Hans Hengartner",
|
||
|
|
"\u2026 cytotoxic T cells which recognize foreign determinants in association with class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens.",
|
||
|
|
"\u2014 Pauline Johnson et al."
|
||
|
|
]
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"pronounciation":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"antonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonym_discussion":"",
|
||
|
|
"examples":[],
|
||
|
|
"history_and_etymology":{},
|
||
|
|
"first_known_use":{
|
||
|
|
"1975, in the meaning defined above":""
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-033938"
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"cytophotometry":{
|
||
|
|
"type":[
|
||
|
|
"adjective",
|
||
|
|
"adverb",
|
||
|
|
"noun"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"definitions":{
|
||
|
|
": photometry applied to the study of the cell or its constituents":[]
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"pronounciation":[
|
||
|
|
"\u02ccs\u012b-t\u0259-f\u014d-\u02c8t\u00e4-m\u0259-tr\u0113",
|
||
|
|
"-(\u02cc)f\u014d-\u02c8t\u00e4m-\u0259-tr\u0113"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"synonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"antonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonym_discussion":"",
|
||
|
|
"examples":[],
|
||
|
|
"history_and_etymology":{},
|
||
|
|
"first_known_use":{
|
||
|
|
"1952, in the meaning defined above":""
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-035715"
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"cytoskeleton":{
|
||
|
|
"type":[
|
||
|
|
"adjective",
|
||
|
|
"noun"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"definitions":{
|
||
|
|
": the network of protein filaments and microtubules in the cytoplasm that controls cell shape, maintains intracellular organization, and is involved in cell movement":[]
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"pronounciation":[
|
||
|
|
"\u02ccs\u012bt-\u014d-\u02c8skel-\u0259t-\u1d4an",
|
||
|
|
"\u02ccs\u012b-t\u0259-\u02c8ske-l\u0259-t\u0259n"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"synonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"antonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonym_discussion":"",
|
||
|
|
"examples":[
|
||
|
|
"Recent Examples on the Web",
|
||
|
|
"There are other structures and mechanisms (the cytoskeleton , for instance, the extracellular matrix, bioelectricity, or even simple protein clumping) that could conceivably be tasked with encoding memories. \u2014 Jennifer Frazer, Scientific American , 28 May 2021",
|
||
|
|
"The cytoskeleton consists of a vast network of different kinds of fibers - microtubules, actin filaments, and intermediate filaments - that are continuously extending and retracting. \u2014 Gabriel A. Silva, Forbes , 27 Apr. 2021",
|
||
|
|
"The same year, biophysicist Michael Rosen of the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and colleagues showed that three proteins that collaborate to organize part of the cytoskeleton form liquid droplets in a test tube solution. \u2014 Mitch Leslie, Science | AAAS , 21 Jan. 2021",
|
||
|
|
"The therapy is designed to treat a form of Duchenne muscular dystrophy caused by mutations in the RNA that codes for the protein that helps to connect muscle fibers\u2019 cytoskeletons to a surrounding matrix. \u2014 Jim Daley, Scientific American , 24 Dec. 2019",
|
||
|
|
"Loki has a number of genes typically found in eukaryotes, including genes linked to the dynamic, shape-shifting cytoskeleton . \u2014 Quanta Magazine , 29 Oct. 2015",
|
||
|
|
"In the case of slime molds, their cytoskeleton may form smart, complex networks able to process sensory information. \u2014 Katia Moskvitch, WIRED , 14 July 2018",
|
||
|
|
"That means making sure the cells have myosin and actin \u2014 two proteins that are key to forming the cellular cytoskeleton , and to building muscle filaments. \u2014 Noah Shachtman, WIRED , 25 Mar. 2009"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"history_and_etymology":{},
|
||
|
|
"first_known_use":{
|
||
|
|
"1936, in the meaning defined above":""
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-040825"
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"cytosol":{
|
||
|
|
"type":[
|
||
|
|
"adjective",
|
||
|
|
"noun"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"definitions":{
|
||
|
|
": the fluid portion of the cytoplasm exclusive of organelles and membranes":[]
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"pronounciation":[
|
||
|
|
"\u02c8s\u012bt-\u0259-\u02ccs\u00e4l, -\u02ccs\u022fl",
|
||
|
|
"-\u02ccs\u022fl",
|
||
|
|
"\u02c8s\u012b-t\u0259-\u02ccs\u00e4l"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"synonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"antonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonym_discussion":"",
|
||
|
|
"examples":[
|
||
|
|
"Recent Examples on the Web",
|
||
|
|
"Inside Thiolava is a high concentration of elemental sulfur dissolved in the cytosol -- the soup base of the cell. \u2014 Scientific American Blog Network , 21 Apr. 2017"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"history_and_etymology":{},
|
||
|
|
"first_known_use":{
|
||
|
|
"1965, in the meaning defined above":""
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-045106"
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"cytolytic T cell":{
|
||
|
|
"type":[
|
||
|
|
"noun"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"definitions":{
|
||
|
|
": cytotoxic T cell":[
|
||
|
|
"The MHC-peptide complexes move to the surface and become anchored in the cell membrane, ready to be scrutinized by cytolytic T cells .",
|
||
|
|
"\u2014 Thierry Boon"
|
||
|
|
]
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"pronounciation":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"antonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonym_discussion":"",
|
||
|
|
"examples":[],
|
||
|
|
"history_and_etymology":{},
|
||
|
|
"first_known_use":{
|
||
|
|
"1975, in the meaning defined above":""
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-054950"
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"Cytospora":{
|
||
|
|
"type":[
|
||
|
|
"noun"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"definitions":{
|
||
|
|
": a form genus of parasitic imperfect fungi (family Phyllostictaceae) that produce their spores in pycnidial cavities within a stroma that is either subepidermal or subcortical in the host":[]
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"pronounciation":[
|
||
|
|
"s\u012b\u02c8t\u00e4sp\u0259r\u0259"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"synonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"antonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonym_discussion":"",
|
||
|
|
"examples":[],
|
||
|
|
"history_and_etymology":{
|
||
|
|
"New Latin, from cyt- + -spora":""
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"first_known_use":{},
|
||
|
|
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-071214"
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"cytophore":{
|
||
|
|
"type":[
|
||
|
|
"noun"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"definitions":{
|
||
|
|
": the residual mass of cytoplasm associated with each cluster of spermatozoa in certain invertebrates":[]
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"pronounciation":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"antonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonym_discussion":"",
|
||
|
|
"examples":[],
|
||
|
|
"history_and_etymology":{
|
||
|
|
"French, from cyt- + -phore":""
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"first_known_use":{},
|
||
|
|
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-080318"
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"cytoreticulum":{
|
||
|
|
"type":[
|
||
|
|
"noun"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"definitions":{
|
||
|
|
": a relatively solid mesh or framework in which the hyaloplasm is suspended according to some theories of protoplasmic structure":[],
|
||
|
|
": a meshwork of cells and cell processes (as in connective tissues)":[]
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"pronounciation":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"antonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonym_discussion":"",
|
||
|
|
"examples":[],
|
||
|
|
"history_and_etymology":{
|
||
|
|
"New Latin, from cyt- + reticulum":""
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"first_known_use":{},
|
||
|
|
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-085531"
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"cytoplasmic heredity":{
|
||
|
|
"type":[
|
||
|
|
"noun"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"definitions":{},
|
||
|
|
"pronounciation":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"antonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonym_discussion":"",
|
||
|
|
"examples":[],
|
||
|
|
"history_and_etymology":{},
|
||
|
|
"first_known_use":{
|
||
|
|
"1915, in the meaning defined above":""
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-104522"
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"cytoplast":{
|
||
|
|
"type":[
|
||
|
|
"adjective",
|
||
|
|
"noun"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"definitions":{
|
||
|
|
": the cytoplasmic content of a cell \u2014 compare protoplast":[]
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"pronounciation":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"antonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonym_discussion":"",
|
||
|
|
"examples":[],
|
||
|
|
"history_and_etymology":{
|
||
|
|
"cyt- + -plast":""
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"first_known_use":{
|
||
|
|
"1885, in the meaning defined above":""
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-124439"
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"cytolysin":{
|
||
|
|
"type":[
|
||
|
|
"noun"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"definitions":{
|
||
|
|
": a substance (such as an antibody that lyses bacteria) producing cytolysis":[]
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"pronounciation":[
|
||
|
|
"\u02ccs\u012b-t\u0259-\u02c8l\u012b-s\u1d4an",
|
||
|
|
"\u02ccs\u012bt-\u1d4al-\u02c8\u012bs-\u1d4an"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"synonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"antonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonym_discussion":"",
|
||
|
|
"examples":[
|
||
|
|
"Recent Examples on the Web",
|
||
|
|
"Instead, the researchers identified a cell-destroying toxin called cytolysin produced by select strains of E. faecalis as the likely reason that some patients with alcoholic liver disease had severe symptoms. \u2014 Eva Frederick, Science | AAAS , 13 Nov. 2019"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"history_and_etymology":{
|
||
|
|
"International Scientific Vocabulary":""
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"first_known_use":{
|
||
|
|
"1901, in the meaning defined above":""
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-125410"
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"cytotrophoderm":{
|
||
|
|
"type":[
|
||
|
|
"noun"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"definitions":{
|
||
|
|
": cytotrophoblast":[]
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"pronounciation":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"antonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonym_discussion":"",
|
||
|
|
"examples":[],
|
||
|
|
"history_and_etymology":{
|
||
|
|
"cyt- + trophoderm":""
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"first_known_use":{},
|
||
|
|
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-131432"
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"cytotropism":{
|
||
|
|
"type":[
|
||
|
|
"noun"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"definitions":{
|
||
|
|
": the tendency of isolated cells and cell masses to move toward or away from one another":[]
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"pronounciation":[
|
||
|
|
"s\u012b\u02c8t\u00e4\u2027tr\u0259\u02ccpiz\u0259m"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"synonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"antonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonym_discussion":"",
|
||
|
|
"examples":[],
|
||
|
|
"history_and_etymology":{
|
||
|
|
"International Scientific Vocabulary cyt- + -tropism ; originally formed as German zytotropismus":""
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"first_known_use":{
|
||
|
|
"1895, in the meaning defined above":""
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-144223"
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"Cytoleichus":{
|
||
|
|
"type":[
|
||
|
|
"noun"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"definitions":{
|
||
|
|
": a genus (the type of the family Cytoleichidae) of parasitic mites including only the air-sac mite ( C. nudus )":[]
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"pronounciation":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"antonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonym_discussion":"",
|
||
|
|
"examples":[],
|
||
|
|
"history_and_etymology":{
|
||
|
|
"New Latin, from cyt- + -leichus (probably from Greek leichein to lick, lick up)":""
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"first_known_use":{},
|
||
|
|
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-151755"
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"Cytosporina":{
|
||
|
|
"type":[
|
||
|
|
"noun"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"definitions":{
|
||
|
|
": a form genus of imperfect fungi resembling and sometimes included in Cytospora but having longer spores":[]
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"pronounciation":[
|
||
|
|
"-\u02c8r\u0113n\u0259"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"synonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"antonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonym_discussion":"",
|
||
|
|
"examples":[],
|
||
|
|
"history_and_etymology":{
|
||
|
|
"New Latin, from Cytospora + -ina":""
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"first_known_use":{},
|
||
|
|
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-170724"
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"cytochemistry":{
|
||
|
|
"type":[
|
||
|
|
"adjective",
|
||
|
|
"adverb",
|
||
|
|
"noun"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"definitions":{
|
||
|
|
": microscopic biochemistry":[],
|
||
|
|
": the chemistry of cells":[]
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"pronounciation":[
|
||
|
|
"\u02ccs\u012b-t\u014d-\u02c8ke-m\u0259-str\u0113",
|
||
|
|
"-\u02c8kem-\u0259-str\u0113"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"synonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"antonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonym_discussion":"",
|
||
|
|
"examples":[],
|
||
|
|
"history_and_etymology":{},
|
||
|
|
"first_known_use":{
|
||
|
|
"1900, in the meaning defined at sense 2":""
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-182122"
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"cytophilic":{
|
||
|
|
"type":[
|
||
|
|
"adjective"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"definitions":{
|
||
|
|
": having an affinity for cells":[]
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"pronounciation":[
|
||
|
|
"\u02ccs\u012b-t\u0259-\u02c8fi-lik",
|
||
|
|
"\u02ccs\u012bt-\u0259-\u02c8fil-ik"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"synonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"antonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonym_discussion":"",
|
||
|
|
"examples":[],
|
||
|
|
"history_and_etymology":{},
|
||
|
|
"first_known_use":{
|
||
|
|
"circa 1909, in the meaning defined above":""
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-183517"
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"cytopyge":{
|
||
|
|
"type":[
|
||
|
|
"noun"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"definitions":{
|
||
|
|
": the point especially if permanently identifiable at which waste is discharged from the protozoan body":[]
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"pronounciation":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"antonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonym_discussion":"",
|
||
|
|
"examples":[],
|
||
|
|
"history_and_etymology":{
|
||
|
|
"International Scientific Vocabulary cyt- + Greek pyg\u0113 rump; originally formed as German zytopyge":""
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"first_known_use":{
|
||
|
|
"1875, in the meaning defined above":""
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-185812"
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"cytovirin":{
|
||
|
|
"type":[
|
||
|
|
"noun"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"definitions":{
|
||
|
|
": a compound that is produced by a bacterium of the genus Streptomyces ( S. olivochromogenes ) and that is active against some plant viruses (such as tobacco mosaic virus)":[]
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"pronounciation":[
|
||
|
|
"\u02ccs\u012bt\u0259\u02c8v\u012b(\u0259)r\u0259\u0307n"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"synonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"antonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonym_discussion":"",
|
||
|
|
"examples":[],
|
||
|
|
"history_and_etymology":{
|
||
|
|
"cyt- + vir us + -in":""
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"first_known_use":{},
|
||
|
|
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-194856"
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"Cyttaria":{
|
||
|
|
"type":[
|
||
|
|
"noun"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"definitions":{
|
||
|
|
": a genus of ascomycetous fungi typifying the family Cyttariaceae and comprising the beech fungi that are parasitic on certain evergreen beeches of the southern hemisphere and that have apothecia sunken in the surface of stalked often brightly colored subspherical stromata which are gelatinous at maturity and used as food in southern South America":[]
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"pronounciation":[
|
||
|
|
"s\u0259\u0307\u02c8ta(a)r\u0113\u0259"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"synonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"antonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonym_discussion":"",
|
||
|
|
"examples":[],
|
||
|
|
"history_and_etymology":{
|
||
|
|
"New Latin, from Greek kyttaros cell of a honeycomb + New Latin -ia ; from the pitted appearance of the fungi":""
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"first_known_use":{},
|
||
|
|
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-201902"
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"cytoproct":{
|
||
|
|
"type":[
|
||
|
|
"noun"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"definitions":{
|
||
|
|
": cytopyge":[]
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"pronounciation":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"antonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonym_discussion":"",
|
||
|
|
"examples":[],
|
||
|
|
"history_and_etymology":{
|
||
|
|
"cyt- + Greek pr\u014dktos buttocks":""
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"first_known_use":{
|
||
|
|
"1885, in the meaning defined above":""
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-210604"
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"cytophil":{
|
||
|
|
"type":[
|
||
|
|
"adjective"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"definitions":{
|
||
|
|
": having affinity for cells":[]
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"pronounciation":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"antonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonym_discussion":"",
|
||
|
|
"examples":[],
|
||
|
|
"history_and_etymology":{
|
||
|
|
"International Scientific Vocabulary cyt- + -phil ; probably originally formed as German zytophil":""
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"first_known_use":{
|
||
|
|
"1902, in the meaning defined above":""
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-213347"
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"Cyttariaceae":{
|
||
|
|
"type":[
|
||
|
|
"plural noun"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"definitions":{
|
||
|
|
": a family of ascomycetous fungi (order Helotiales) that form a pear-shaped stroma with numerous apothecial cavities \u2014 see cyttaria":[]
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"pronounciation":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"antonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonym_discussion":"",
|
||
|
|
"examples":[],
|
||
|
|
"history_and_etymology":{
|
||
|
|
"New Latin, from Cyttaria , type genus + -aceae":""
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"first_known_use":{},
|
||
|
|
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-220420"
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"cytoplasmic":{
|
||
|
|
"type":[
|
||
|
|
"adjective",
|
||
|
|
"adverb",
|
||
|
|
"noun"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"definitions":{
|
||
|
|
": the organized complex of inorganic and organic substances external to the nuclear membrane of a cell and including the cytosol and membrane-bound organelles (such as mitochondria or chloroplasts) \u2014 see cell illustration":[]
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"pronounciation":[
|
||
|
|
"\u02c8s\u012b-t\u0259-\u02ccpla-z\u0259m",
|
||
|
|
"\u02c8s\u012bt-\u0259-\u02ccplaz-\u0259m"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"synonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"antonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonym_discussion":"",
|
||
|
|
"examples":[
|
||
|
|
"Recent Examples on the Web",
|
||
|
|
"This little bud of DNA is then fused to the healthy cytoplasm of the donor cell. \u2014 Stephen S. Hall, Wired , 11 Mar. 2021",
|
||
|
|
"Unlike the main repository of nuclear DNA, the mitochondria are like hundreds of thousands of branch libraries of genetic information floating around in the cytoplasm of a human egg cell. \u2014 Stephen S. Hall, Wired , 11 Mar. 2021",
|
||
|
|
"In the body, cells have DNA sensors called cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS), which recognize foreign DNA in the cytoplasm and trigger the production of cyclic dinucleotides (CDNs). \u2014 William A. Haseltine, Forbes , 26 Apr. 2022",
|
||
|
|
"While S100s are generally found in neural cells, they are also found in the gut and in the cytoplasm of white blood cells called neutrophils. \u2014 William A. Haseltine, Forbes , 9 Apr. 2022",
|
||
|
|
"Studies indicate that inside the cells of a developing bird feather, the beta-keratin starts out distributed in the watery cytoplasm . \u2014 Quanta Magazine , 21 June 2021",
|
||
|
|
"But the cytoplasm is actually jammed with proteins, RNA, and other small molecules, all commingling at incredible speeds. \u2014 James Somers, The New Yorker , 28 Feb. 2022",
|
||
|
|
"Studies indicate that inside the cells of a developing bird feather, the beta-keratin starts out distributed in the watery cytoplasm . \u2014 Quanta Magazine , 21 June 2021",
|
||
|
|
"Studies indicate that inside the cells of a developing bird feather, the beta-keratin starts out distributed in the watery cytoplasm . \u2014 Quanta Magazine , 21 June 2021"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"history_and_etymology":{
|
||
|
|
"International Scientific Vocabulary":""
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"first_known_use":{
|
||
|
|
"1857, in the meaning defined above":""
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"time_of_retrieval":"20220709-222915"
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"cytol":{
|
||
|
|
"type":[
|
||
|
|
"abbreviation"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"definitions":{
|
||
|
|
"cytological ; cytology":[]
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"pronounciation":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"antonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonym_discussion":"",
|
||
|
|
"examples":[],
|
||
|
|
"history_and_etymology":{},
|
||
|
|
"first_known_use":{},
|
||
|
|
"time_of_retrieval":"20220710-011422"
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"cytokinin":{
|
||
|
|
"type":[
|
||
|
|
"noun"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"definitions":{
|
||
|
|
": any of various plant growth substances (such as kinetin) that are usually derivatives of adenine":[]
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"pronounciation":[
|
||
|
|
"\u02ccs\u012b-t\u0259-\u02c8k\u012b-n\u0259n",
|
||
|
|
"\u02ccs\u012bt-\u0259-\u02c8k\u012b-n\u0259n"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"synonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"antonyms":[],
|
||
|
|
"synonym_discussion":"",
|
||
|
|
"examples":[
|
||
|
|
"Recent Examples on the Web",
|
||
|
|
"The other chemicals include vitamins, minerals (including the electrolytes sodium and potassium), and plant hormones like cytokinins (that may benefit the body in various ways). \u2014 Alexandra Hansen, Quartzy , 5 Nov. 2019"
|
||
|
|
],
|
||
|
|
"history_and_etymology":{
|
||
|
|
"cyt- + kinin":""
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"first_known_use":{
|
||
|
|
"1965, in the meaning defined above":""
|
||
|
|
},
|
||
|
|
"time_of_retrieval":"20220710-025415"
|
||
|
|
}
|
||
|
|
}
|